Buddhism Among Tamils in Pre-colonial Tamil̲akam and Īl̲am, Del 1

4th century according allegedly Antiram Anuradhapura Asoka Avalokitesvara brāhmaṇa Brahmi bronzes buddha Buddhaghosa Buddhism among Tamils Buddhism in Tamilakam Buddhist Buddhist monks Caiva called Campantar cankam Civan coins Cōla compiler concept connection context dhamma Dhammapada dhism dhist Dipavamsa Dravidian dynasty established evidence Hikosaka hymn Ibid identified Ilam Ilankai Indian Archaeology indicate influence insular interpretation Iramaccantiran island Jain monks Jainism Kalabhras Kāñci king kōyil language Loc.cit Mahāvamsa Mahāyāna Mahendra manimekalai Maturai mentioned monastery mōriyar Nāgas Nākacāmi Nākapattinam nāyaṇār Pāli Pallava Pallava period pallavabhogga Pāṇṭiya periyapurāṇam polemic potiyil ppatikam Prakrit pre-colonial pre-Pallava period purāṇam reading refers religion religious rulers Śaiva Śaivism samgha Sanskrit says scholars Senerat Paranavitana Sinhala sources South India statement story stūpas Tamil Buddhist Tamil culture Tamilakam Tamilppauttam tarpavam temple tēvāram Theravāda tion Tiruvācakar tradition translation urai Vallipuram Vallipuram inscription Vēluppillai Vide vihāra word worship Xuanzang Yālppāṇam