Ethnicity and Nationalism: Anthropological Perspectives

Forside
Pluto Press, 20. juli 2002 - 199 sider
Ethnicity and nationalism are pervasive features of the contemporary world, but how far is ethnicity a result of cultural differences, and how much is it in fact dependent on the practical use of, and belief in, such differences? In this book, Thomas Hylland Eriksen demonstrates that far from being an immutable property of groups, ethnicity is a dynamic and shifting aspect of social relationships. Drawing on a wide range of classic and recent studies in anthropology and sociology, Eriksen examines the relationship between ethnicity, class, gender and nationhood, as well as current issues of racism, globalisation and multiculturalism. Influential theories are presented and critically compared in a lucid and comprehensive manner. A core text for all students of social anthropology and related subjects, Ethnicity and Nationalism has been a leading introduction to the field since its original publication in 1993. This new edition - expanded and thoroughly revised - is indispensable to anyone seriously interested in understanding ethnic phenomena. New chapters cover recent studies of migration, cultural creolisation, racism, gender and nationalism, and the dilemmas of multiculturalism.
 

Innhold

What is ethnicity?
1
The term itself
4
Ethnicity race and nation
5
Ethnicity and class
7
The current concern with ethnicity
8
From tribe to ethnic group
10
What is ethnicity?
11
Kinds of ethnic relations
13
Modern education and ethnic identity
90
Ethnicity history and culture
91
Cultural history in ethnic identity
93
Nationalism
96
What is nationalism?
98
The nation as a cultural community
100
The political use of cultural symbols
101
Nationalism and industrial society
103

Analytical concepts and native concepts
16
Ethnic classification Us and Them
19
The meltingpot metaphor
20
Communicating cultural difference
21
Stereotyping
23
Folk taxonomies and social distance
25
Dichotomisation and complementarisation
27
Ethnic stigma
29
Negotiating identity
30
Ethnicity from the individuals point of view
32
What are the criteria for ethnicity?
34
The social organisation of cultural distinctiveness
36
Boundary maintenance
38
Boundary transcendence
39
Degrees of ethnic incorporation
40
Ethnicity as resource competition
44
Levels of ethnicity
46
The theory of plural societies
48
Ethnicity and rank
49
The interrelationship between criteria
51
Instrumentalism and its critics
53
A problem of culture
56
Ethnic identity and ideology
59
Order in the social universe
60
Anomalies
62
Entrepreneurs
65
Analog and digital we and us
66
The emergence of ethnic identities
67
The creation of an ancestral identity
70
History and ideology
71
Social factors in identity processes
73
Does European identity exist?
74
What do identities do?
76
Ethnicity in history
78
The historical development of ethnic relations
79
Capitalism
80
Black ethnogenesis
82
Indians in new worlds
83
from people to a people
85
Colonialism and migration
86
The power of naming
87
Communications technology and nationhood
104
Nationalism as religion and as metaphoric kinship
106
The nationstate
107
Nationalism against the state
108
Nationalism and the Other
110
The problem of identity boundaries
112
Nationalism without ethnicity?
115
Nationalism and ethnicity reconsidered
119
Minorities and the state
121
Minorities and the state
122
The creation of minorities in the modern world
124
Indigenous peoples
125
Territorial conflict
126
Stages in ethnogenesis
127
Factors in indigenous ethnogenesis
129
Urban minorities
131
Boundary processes
132
Does culture matter among urban migrants?
135
Identities and culture
137
race class and language
138
Minorities and modernity
140
Identity politics culture and rights
143
Liberal philosophy and multiethnic societies
146
Embedded discourses about culture and pluralism
148
Fundamentalism and ambivalence
150
Diaspora or hybridity?
152
Transnationalism and longdistance nationalism
153
The modernity of Hindutva
156
General features of identity politics
158
The nonethnic
162
Current tensions in social theory
163
Changes in the social world
164
Globalisation and localisation
166
Identities and loyalties
169
Gender ethnicity and nationhood
171
Beyond ethnicity?
173
The end of ethnicity?
174
The eye of the beholder
177
Bibliography
179
Index
192
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Om forfatteren (2002)

Thomas Hylland Eriksen is Professor of Social Anthropology at the University of Oslo. He is the author of numerous books, including Ethnicity and Nationalism, A History of Anthropology, Small Places, Large Issues, Tyranny of the Moment and Globalisation, all available from Pluto Press.

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