fess, I do not think that the want can be adequately met, as (I understand) the trade in this country have endeavored to meet it, by reprinting the text of Drakenborch with the notes of Crevier ! This, I should conceive, must form rather a comical combination; and certainly, in several places, it will exhibit a text much inferior to Crevier's." The volume, from which this extract is taken, deserves a place in the list of commentators, and critical writings illustrating Livy.

Among the editions of separate dialogues of Plato should have been inserted:

። — Phædon explanatus et emendatus proleg. et annotatione Dan. Wyttenbachii 8vo. Lug. Bat. 1810.”

The reader will find a long account of it written by the editor himself in Miscellanea doctrina liber secundus, 8vo. Amst. 1811. pp. 29-109.

Mr. Moss has not given many of Plautus's separate plays, and we therefore make the following extract from Osann's Auctarium Lex. Gr. (pp. 178—9), as it notices two of the Captivi, one of which is mentioned in a note; the other is :—

"A præstantissimo isto Neapolitano, Fr. M. Avellinio, cujus editio apud exteros parum cognita,1 Ñeapoli a. 1807 prodiit, firmarique denique auctoritate editt. Cratandriæ Basileæ a. 1523. evulgatæ, et alius, quæ forma quarta vulgo dicta hoc titulo emissa est: Continentur in hoc libello quattuor Plauti comœdiæ; Amphitruo, Aulularia, Duo Captivi, et Menæchmi, familiaribus annotationibus declaratæ. Ad calcem folii CLI. versi, quod index sequitur, extant : Explicit commentatio Jannis Baptistæ Pii Bononiensis in Menæchmos. In vigilia Bartholomei, anno IHESV undecimo. Integrum editionis hujus titulum exhibui, alibi, quantum sciam, accurate nondum descriptum."

"Porsoni Adversaria. Lips. 8vo. 1814. 14s. An indispensable book to a critical scholar, on whose table this volume ought ever to lie open."

So says Mr. Moss; but as the Leipsic reprint cannot boast much external beauty, he should, we think, have mentioned the English edition, which is a much greater ornament to a table, and has besides a portrait of the author. An interesting review or notice of this volume appeared in the Mus. Crit. Cantabr., No. 1., and would probably be more entertaining to many readers than the work itself.

"Ne novit quidem qui Captivos Plauti nuper edidit, Jo. Bosscha, Trajecti ad Rhenum, 1817. 8vo., juvenis non sine laude nominandus. Atqui in Italia ipsa liber ille Avellinii, viri cum hoc de litterarum genere, tum maxime de numorum veterum doctrina meritissimi, perrarus est, ut apud bibliopolas frustra percunctere."

Vol. 11. p. 528. Mr. Moss in this page mentions Harlesii Fabricii Biblioth. Græca. 12 vols. 4to. Hamburg. 17901809. observing:

"This is a publication which no one can survey without admiring the diligent application and prodigious labor which must have been bestowed on the accumulation and classification," &c.

He does not, however, state its unfinished condition; the cause of which we present to the reader in the words of Chr. Fr. Harless, the author's eldest son:

"Nihil magis doluit, quam necessitatem a temporis calamitate bibliopolæ honestissimo summe invito impositam, interrumpendi operis sistendæque editionis, cujus ultimi duo tomi ex parte jam a manu b. patris præparati erant, et cujus tam ex relictis schedis, quam proprio labore finiendi atque admodum necessariis indicibus supplementisque instruendi forsan inposterum mihi dabitur opportunitas,” p. 464.

This promise, which we hope will not be forgotten, is afterwards repeated:

"Ex quibus b. patris reliquiis literariis, manu sua scriptis anecdotisque, forsan proxime sequentibus annis, si Deus vitam viresque et otium mihi dabit, selectiora et ad usum eruditorum insignius facientia, in unum alterumve volumen colligere et in publicum edere equidem studebo." Vita G. C. Harless. reprinted in Vol. 1. p. 476. of Miscellanea Critica, 8vo. Hildesiæ. 1822.

Suetonius (Vol. 11. p. 630.). Mr. Moss appears to have given less prominency than he ought to H. Glareanus's edition of this author, of which Burman in the preface to his own edition speaks thus handsomely:

"Quas (notas) ideo in hac editione omnes legi volui, quia vir ille et doctrina et acri satis dijudicandi vi præditus, id fere et in Suetonii hac et aliorum scriptorum a se curatorum editionibus, semper egit, et omissis vulgaribus, ad illa potissimum animum intenderet, quæ aut ab aliis prætermissa sunt, aut in quibus ipsi difficultas et scrupulus quidam injectus fuit, quem vel ipse eximit, vel, de his locis amplius deliberandi occasionem dans, felicioribus ingeniis explananda relinquit: in his hoc in primis agit, ut ad quæ loca Egnatius et alii ante suam ætatem viri docti hæserunt, lucem aliquam adferret."

Lips. 8vo. 1748 et 1775. Ernesti. 14s. These editions are held in little estimation, and are by no means such as from the literary character and various erudition of the editor might have been expected." Mr. Moss, p. 632.-Fr. Aug. Wolfius gives a very different account of this edition in the preface to the one which he superintended. (4-5.)

"Hanc vero J. A. Ernesti editionem statim a. 1748, et multo magis a. 1775, ab ipso renovatam, tanto consensu probarunt intelligentes judices, ut nulli similium operum hujus Viri postponendam censerent; in Batavis etiam, ubi accuratissima Oudendorpiana prostabat, doctores publici eam lectoribus suis adhibuerunt. Atque habet sane, præter

probabilem textus recensionem, quod in commentario adolescentibus scripto eximie commendari possit, perspicuam rerum ad quemque locum pertinentium explicationem, puram suoque scriptore dignam dictionem, prudentem delectum annotationum illi lectorum classi idonearum; denique laudes eas omnes, quibus Ernestii disciplina per Germaniam saluberrima fuisse perhibetur."

P. 683. "Lips. 8vo. 1802. Wolfii. Au elegant and accurate edition." Moss. Where the elegance of this edition is, we cannot see. Mr. Moss should have said that it was in four volumes, and that the two latter contained Isaac Casaubon's celebrated commentary, of which Burman speaks thus:

"Licet exquisita cruditionis plenissimus hic sit commentarius, uberiora tamen præstare potuisset vir insignis, nisi vita ejus variis migrationibus, curis domesticis publicis ita fuisset agitata, ut nunquam fere ad elaboranda scripta sua liquido ct sereno animo potuerit vacare. Hoc in omnibus fere scriptis suis queritur, quæ inchoata verius quam perfecta dici possunt, ut præter cætera in his in Suetonium animadversionibus ad Tib. XLV. ubi animum sibi non deesse, voluntatem etiam superesse, sed etiam xal Tò àμépμvov semper bactenus defuisse, quod sua scripta prodere nimis festinanter cogeretur, fatetur, et hinc animadversionibus suis deinde appendiculam adjecit, et tandem Parisiis certiorem sedem et otium nactus anno 1610 auctas edidit suas in Suetonium animadversiones."

P. 676. "Terentius. 8vo. Halæ. 1811. Bruns. 2s." is mentioned. This edition, which Mr. Moss will not procure at the sum he is pleased to give it, is a very useful one, and contains D. Ruhnken's Schole on this author. They are included in the London reprint of Zeunius, a circumstance of which Mr. M. does not seem to be aware. A more full and accurate copy of these dictata in Terentium, was promised by Car. F. Heinrich, but whether it has appeared or not we cannot tell. See Additamenta ad Th. Chr. Harlesii Br. Not. Lit. Rom.-scripsit Carol. Fr. H. Klugling. 8vo. Lipsiæ. 1819. p. 21.-We may observe that the date of Baskerville's editions should be 1772.

These volumes are by no means free from typographical blunders, and considering the nature of the work, they were, perhaps, to be expected and excused; but as Mr. Moss states it to have crept through the press, they are far more than there ought to be. He gives 14s. as the price of Porsoni Aristophanica in one page, and in the next 16s., though this latter may perhaps, like the Eustathius which he mentions, be “a fine copy." D'Arnaud's Animadversiones are sometimes charged three guineas, and sometimes three shillings.

The hyperbolical and vague opinions of Furhman might have been omitted without lessening the value of the work. So much

attention need not have been paid to foreign translations; and then the authors at the end of the second volume might have received an equal share of attention with the rest. We were rather disappointed, on our first perusal of Mr. Moss's volumes, at not finding an account of the late editions of the Classics, or of the later volumes of those left unfinished; but of this defect we anticipate a delightful supplement in the forthcoming volumes of Dr. Dibdin.

NOTICE OF

The PROPHECY of EZEKIEL, concerning GOGUE, the last tyrant of the Church; his invasion of ROS, his discomfiture and final fall; examined, and in part illustrated. BY GRANVILLE PENN, 12mo. pp. liv, +175. et Supplement, 28.

THIS is one of the most extraordinary_attempts at prophetical illustration, that we have ever seen. The Christian's Survey, by the same author, contained some bold positions, and speedily produced a controversy, which the preface to this volume is intended to meet. As that subject, however, is foreign to the body of the work, we shall confine ourselves to the single prophecy of Ezekiel' discussed in it, although we cannot promise our readers to lead them to any very satisfactory conclusion.

The prophecy commences thus:-"Son of man! set thy face against Gog, the land of Magog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal, and prophesy against him."-By the LXX. this passage is rendered, Γωγ, ἄρχοντα Ρως, Μεσόκ, καὶ Θοβέλ, Gogue, the chief of Ros, Meshech, and Thobel. Thus, though the Hebrew X, when used as an appellative, signifies head, or chief, the Jewish translators considered it here as a proper name, Ros. "St. Jerom, not finding any such proper name among the families and nations mentioned in the genealogical parts of the book of Genesis, ventured precipitately, on that ground, to question the truth of the ancient Greek interpretation, and chose rather to assume the word ros, for an appellative

I C. xxxviii, xxxix. 2 Ezek. xxxviii, 2. 3 The o in Tay, observes Mr. Penn, is long, as in go; which can only be rendered in English by subjoining the mute vowels ue. p. 9.

noun; and his interpretation, established in the Latin version of the Scriptures, has universally prevailed throughout the Western churches." Symmachus and Theodotion consider it as a And after investigation, Bochart thinks it a geographical term, with which Michaelis agrees, as well as Archbishop Newcome, in his translation of this prophet.

proper name.

2

Having adduced these, and other authorities, which appear conclusive, Mr. Penn supports his decision by an examination of the words Meshech and Tubal. These are fairly demonstrated to be Moscow and Siberia, whose capital is named Tobolsk, from the river Tobol. It is remarkable, that in Ezekiel's prophecy against Tyre, Tubal and Meshech are described as trading in brass, copper abounding in Siberia. “ And thus the three denominations united in the prophecy, point out, with equal capacity and conciseness, those widely extended regions, which, at the present day, we denominate collectively, the Russian Empire."

This question being decided, another arises immediately. Our translation reads, Gog, the land of Magog, "but the sentence, when duly and critically examined, rejects that interpretation altogether; since Gogue, the individual in question, is described as of the land,' that is (by a construction, common to the Hebrew with the Greek tongue) Sovereign of the land' of Magogue." And the word chief (NW) he proposes to render cloud, as being derived from XVI, to stir up, or ascend, a sense given to D in several passages. The verse, then, according to Mr. Penn, reads thus: "GOGUE, of the land of MAGOGUE, the cloud [or, invader?] of Ros, Mosc, and TOBL."

The terms Gog and Magog are not satisfactorily explained, but, being associated with Gomer in the sixth verse, must be referred to Europe. Josephus, indeed says, that Magog founded the Magoga, whom the Greeks called Scytha. Mr. Turner, who has taken great pains to clear up the history of these nations, considers the Scythians as the second wave of population flowing from Asia, or successors to the Keltic tribe, and therefore situated westward of Gaul.” “Eusebius applied the name of Magogue to the Celts, or Gauls; Ambrosius to the Goths; the author of the Alexandrian Chronicle' to the Aquitani, or inhabitants of the south-west of Gaul; and the

1 P. 15.

3

* C. xxvii. 13.

3 P. 22.

5 See Psalm cxxxv. 7. Jerem. x. 13. li. 16. Prov, xxv. 14.

6

• Antiq. Jud. i. 6.

7 Introduction to History of Anglo Saxons, fourth edition.

+ P. 26.