Ottawas, the: attack fort at Detroit,
ii. 433; retreat to Michillimackinac,
434.
Ouréouharé, Cayuga chief: sent back

from France, ii. 208; sent by de
Frontenac to Iroquois, 212; his in-
fluence, 296.

Outagamies or Foxes: [see Foxes].
Oyster river: massacre at, ii. 372.

Р

Palatines, settlement of: destroyed by
de Bellaître, iv. 70.

Papineau, Mr. Louis Joseph: i. 177.
Paris, minister at Salem: ii. 362.
Parker, colonel: descends lake George,
his defeat and losses, iv. 51.
Parkman, Mr. Francis, of Boston:

reference to his writings, i. 261.;
324n.; 437n.; ii. 100: 420n.; iii.
427.; his narrative of proceedings
of the Pennsylvania legislature, 541.
Partisan leaders: French, ii. 353.
Pascal ii. 438n.

Pasquine engineer sent out to Acadia,
ii. 187.

Passamaquoddy bay. considered

as

place of settlement [1604], i. 25.
Paulmy, de: appointed minister, iv. 43.
Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle; ii. 179; ne-
gotiations, iii. 356; events in Europe
leading to, 361.

Peace negotiations [1761]: offers from
Great Britain, iv. 480; French claims,
481.

Peace of London: i. 120.
Peace of Paris: its conditions, iv. 497;
clauses from definitive treaty, 505;
carried through house of commons,
499; by bribery and intimidation,
499.

Péan, Hugues husband of Mde. Péan,
iii. 544; purchases wheat, 545;
leaves Canada on plea of ill-health,
iv. 83.

Péan, Madame: her relations with
Bigot, iii. 391; her character, 391.
Pelham, Henry: prime minister [1743],

iii. 299; long tenure of office, iv. 89;

includes Pitt in ministry, 90; his
death, 91.
Pemaquid

captured by Indians, ii.
195; rebuilt, 2627.; reconstructed
by Phips, 361; taken by d'Iberville,
379.
Peñalossa, Comte de: governor of New
Mexico, ii. 114; seized by Inquisi-
tion, 114; in London, 115; in Paris,
115 proposals to French govern-
ment, 115; his character, 117; his
death, 117.

Pennisseault in charge of Montreal,
"La Friponne," iii. 546.
Pennisseault, Mde.: mistress of de
Lévis, iii. 547.

Pennsylvania: difficulty as to supply
bill, iv. 133; demands payment of
debts due, 314.

Pennsylvania, legislature of: perverse
proceedings of, iii. 446; would take
no steps to protect Ohio territory,
449; refuses protection to settlers
on the frontier, 541; threatened by
frontiermen, 541.

Pensacola surrenders, iii. 234; first
cargo negro slaves brought, 234;
surrendered to Spaniards by Chateau-
guay, 234.
Pepperell, Sir William: commander
in chief Louisbourg expedition, hon-
ours granted him, iii. 320; his de-
scendants loyalists, 320n.

Péré proceeds to Quinté, ii. 81; re-
turns with prisoners, 82.

Perrier appointed governor of Louisi-
ana, iii. 236; defeats the Natchez,

241.

Perrot, François Marie, governor of
Montreal trades in furs, i. 394;
irregularities under his government,
394; his speech over some skins,
416; goes to Quebec, 416; refuses
to answer queries, 420; sent to
France, 430; imprisoned for a week
in the Bastile, 431; reappointed to
government, 431; accused of inter-
fering with administration of justice,
ii. 21; removed and transferred to

2M

Acadia, 46; 184; is recalled, 186;
ordered to return to France, 187;
sends western Indians to Montreal,
224; taken prisoner, 349; his daugh-
ters, 349n.

Perrot, Nicholas: coureur de Bois at
Michillimackinac, ii. 73: accompa
nies expedition to western lakes, 220.
Petit, father arranges for capitulation
of port Royal, ii. 345.
Petite Guerre, la: iii. 305; its activity
[1745-6], 333; Iroquois attacks of
French, 337; continued by French
Indians [1758], iv. 159; carried on
at Quebec, 258; actively followed on
the Mohawk, 313; party at Still-
water attacked, 317.
Pettekum engages in negotiations for
treaty of Utrecht, ii. 522.
Petun the nation, i. 53.
Philip V. of Spain: considered to
have views on the French succession,

iv. 255.
Philipps, Richard: governor general
of Nova Scotia [1717], iii. 138; his
letter from Boston [1720], 141; de-
scription of country, 141; reaches
Annapolis, 142; receives deputation,
142; writes to de Saint Ovide, 146;
represents matters in London, 149;
fails to command attention, 150;
returns to England [1722], 152; re-
appears at Annapolis [1729], 160;
obtains acceptance of oath, 160;
his form of oath, 161; defends it,
161n.; reports upon country to duke
of Newcastle, 164; points out neces-
sity of building forts, 166; leaves the
province [1734], 166; his description
of the Acadians, 166; his operations
at Canso, 185.

Phips, Sir William : successful attack

on Acadia, ii. 230; his attack on
Quebec, 233; failure of, 245; sea-
manship of, 248n.; proceeds to Eng.
land, 249; capture of Port Royal,
344; governor of Massachusetts,
360; death of, 376.

Pichon, Thomas: at Beauséjour, iii.

491; his correspondence with Hus-
sey, 492; describes Le Loutre, 492;
his statements regarding siege of
Louisbourg, iv. 142n.

Picquet, abbé commences settlement
of La Presentation [Ogdensburg],
iii. 409; his early career, 409; ob-
tains countenance of de la Galisson-
nière, 410; his proceedings at Os-
wego on Montcalm's victory, 411;
present at de la Corne's attack of
Oswego, iv. 320; with Pouchot at
fort Lévis, 385.

Piedmont, Jacan de: fortifies Beausé-
jour, iii. 496.

Pigeon, captain: sent in command of
expedition to obtain timber, iii. 114;
his instructions, 114; surprised by
Indians, 115; losses, 115.
Pijart, jesuit father: proceeds to Huron
missions, i. 161.

Piracy in Acadia: ii. 183.

Pitt, William [earl of Chatham]: awak-
ens the spirit of the nation, iv. 88;
king's objection to him, 89 ; appoint-
ed treasurer to the forces, 90; refuses
to take percentages, 90; opposes
motion of his colleagues, 90; in-
cluded in ministry of duke of Devon-
shire, 96; endeavours to save Byng,
96; marries sister of Richard, earl
Temple, 96; dismissed from office, 97;
excitement in the country from this
step, 98; honours paid to him by
the cities, 98; forms ministry with
duke of Newcastle, 99; condition of
England, 99; his appointments,
100; report of reverses on taking
office, 100; his defence of duke of
Cumberland, 102; organizes expedi-
tion against Rochefort, 104; its
failure, 105; his spirit of determina-
tion, 106; his influence upon men,
107; his policy with regard to
America, 107; determines to attack
Louisbourg, 108; organizes expedi-
tion, 108; resolves to attack Canada
at all points, 156; calls upon pro-
vinces to raise troops, 156; organizes

attack of Quebec, 223: appoints
Wolfe in command, 224; his energy
in carrying out his purpose, 229;
appoints admiral Saunders to com-
mand of fleet, 229; difficulties with
Bute as to king's speech, 476;
attacked through Bute's influence,
477; desires a durable peace, 478;
advocates exclusive possession of
fisheries, 478; prepared to exact
terms he considered indispensable,
479; his reply to de Bussy as to
Spanish claims, 483; desires to de-
clare war against Spain, 484; his
resignation, scene at the council,
484; the pension and title to his
wife, 488; his interview with the
king, 489n.; his letter to Bute,
489n.; grossly caricatured, 491.
Ploughing with oxen: introduced into
Canada, i. 85.

Poincy, de governor of West Indies, i.

190.

Point au Baril: selected as station, iv.
185.

Point Cardinal rapids: incorrectly

stated, iv. 221; error corrected, 391.
Point Lévis taken possession of by
Wolfe's force, iv. 244; attacked by
French floating batteries, 245; British
batteries established, 244; Quebec
batteries open against, without effect,
247; fruitless attack upon, 248;
taken possession of by Murray,
[1760], 360; burns houses there,
361; abandoned, 367.

Point Saint Charles: three Frenchmen

killed, i. 241.

Pompadour, Mde. de: unfriendly to
jesuits, iv. 38; ordered to quit Paris,
43; her re-establishment in favour,
43; her death, 43n.

Poncet curé of Quebec, i. 241.
Pontbriand, Mgr. Henri Marie Dubreil
de: appointed bishop of Quebec,
iii. 285; arrives in Canada, 293:
claims right of sending clergy to
Acadia, 429; states he is desirous of
visiting country, 429; condemns Le

Loutre, 493; his mandements, iv.
353; the last "Te Deum" for vic-
victory, 354; penitential psalms to
be sung, 354; his instructions to
curés, 354; his description of Que-
bec, 356; his death, 353.
Pontchartrain, Louis Phélypeaux de:
succeeds de Seignelay as minister of
colonies, ii. 257; his policy, 260n.
Pontgravé: i. 12; associated with
Chauvin, 13; connected with Amar
de Chastes, 21; arrives at the Saint
Croix, 26; at Tadousac, 31; at
Montreal, 38; meets Champlain at
Fontainbleau, 40; with father Ja-
may, 48; receives Champlain on his
return from the Huron country, 54;
empowered to control commercial
policy, 59; at Tadousac, 62; ar-
rives at Quebec, 63; brings news
union of companies, 68; determines
to go to Tadousac, 94.
Pontleroy, de: ordered to construct
intrenchments at Ticonderoga, iv.

162.

Population of Canada: [1624], i. 71 ;
its stationary character, 152; 153n.;
[1654]. 250; [1663], 293; [1663-
1673], 362; considered, 363; [1674],
438; [1680], 438; [1713], [1726],
iii. 269; [1727, 1739, 1747], 357;
at conquest, iv. 413n.; [1761], 452;
[1762], 453; total, 454.

Port Nelson: captain Draper trades
there, iii. 9; collision between French
and English, 9; taken by French,
10; comes again into possession of
English, II; expedition of [1691]
organized, 29; taken by d'Iberville
[1694], 31; French change name to
"fort Bourbon," 31; retaken by
English [1696], 32; taken by d'Iber-
ville, [1697], 38.

Portneuf, de flag taken by him at
Port Loyall, ii. 247; account of his
expedition, 337; his treachery, 342;
censured for conduct in Acadia,
368; directs raids, 384.
Porto Bello: attacked, iii. 296.

Port Royal selected for settlement, i.
27; present site Annapolis chosen,
27; abandoned [1607], 29; found-
ed, ii. 171; expedition against, 262n.;
343; attacked by Church [1704], iii.
82; attacked by Wainwright, 90;
second failure of attack, 91; injury
to inhabitants, 91; attack consented
to by British government, 96; Nich-
olson's expedition leaves Boston,
97; strength of garrison, 97; British
force lands, 97; place capitulates,
99; terms of surrender, 100; cour-
tesies between commanders, 101;
French troops embark, 101; named
by Nicholson Annapolis," 102;
projects for reconquest by French,
105.

:

66

Poskoioac, fort: constructed, iii. 374.
Pouchot sent to Point au Baril, iv.
219; removed to Niagara, 219;
fortifies Niagara, 321; attacked by
Prideaux, 323; surrenders fort, 326;
proceeds as prisoner to New York,
327; exchanged as prisoner, 385;
in command at fort Lévis [1760],
385; attacked by Amherst, 386;
surrenders, 388; his conversation
with Amherst as to rapids, 390,
Poulharies, de: at attack of William
Henry, iv. 10.

Poutrincourt, de: joins expedition

[1604], i. 24; arrives at Port Royal,
27: receives notice privilege re-
voked, 28.

Pownall, governor of Massachusetts :
shews great energy, iv. 156; es-
tablishes discipline in regiments,
156; officers not allowed "suttling,"
157.
Pretender, the expedition, 1745, iii.
324.

Prêvert, le sieur : his extraordinary
stories, i. 23.

Prevost left in charge fortifications

of Quebec, ii. 222; writes de Fron-
tenac of intended invasion of Canada,
229.

Prévost, commissaire at Louisbourg :

protests against longer defence as
merely a point of military honour,
iv. 136.

Prices of provisions: i. 155.
Prideaux, brigadier: appointed to
command Niagara expedition, iv.
315; his force, 315; leaves Schen-
ectady, 316; leaves Oswego, 317;
arrives before Niagara, 321; sum-
mons Pouchot to surrender, 323;
carries on siege, 324; killed, 324.
Prince Edward island: taken posses-
sion of by lord Rollo, iv. 148; its
early history, 149; name given to,
150n.; island formerly île Saint Jean,
early settlement, 150.
Prince Society: publication of, its
value, iii. 45.

Pringle, captain: joins Rogers' scout-
ing party, iv. 85.

Printing not introduced until after
conquest, iii. 291.

Prisoners taken by French at Hud-
son's bay arrive in London, iii. 20.
Protestants [French]: i. 8; only,
allowed to sing hymns on shore by
Kirke, 100; exclusion from Canada
recommended by de Laval, 295;
forbidden to exercise religion pub-
licly, or remain in Canada during
winter, 435; tolerance shewn to by
Colbert, 436; Dudouyt recommends
exclusion, 443; persecution of in
France [1724-8], iii. 144; [1726],
267; [1757], iv. 39; proposal to
d'Iberville, iii. 217; memorial for-
warded to de Ponchartrain, 217;
their constancy and fortitude, 267;
the attempt to admit toleration in
France, 267; overborne by clerical
party, 268.
Protestants duties of, with regard to
the extension of the faith in new
colonies, iii. 441.

Provinces decline to furnish barracks

:

for imperial troops, iv. 31.
Provincial officers: questions raised by
them, iv. 26; considered their ser-
vices confined to attack on Crown

Quebec: first settlement [1608], i. 30;
site of "" Abitation," 31; Champlain
increases extent of buildings [1616],
54; the "habitation" burned during
English possession, III; good feeling
at, 112; described by Boucher, 155;
place suffers from malignant fever
[1659], 260; not safe from attack,
260; constituted a city, 293: election
for mayor [1664], 321; fire, ii. 40;
cathedral chapter established, 61;
cure reunited to seminary, 62; forti-
fications commenced, 259; praise of
the tone of its society by Charlevoix,
274; 294; seminary burned, 422;
contributes to expedition to Hudson's
bay [1686], iii. 13; work undertaken
owing to the general distress, 288;
attack organized in America against,
328; fears of naval attack, 329;
precaution against, 329; fortifications
extended, 355; believed to be not
assailable by water, iv. 217; its de-
fence, the duty of French navy, 217;
religious processions to avert calam-
ity, 218; defences considered, 221;
disposition of forces, 221; fire ships

565

proposed, 221; council of war, 221;
landmarks of channel removed, 222;
description of country, 242; bom-
bardment commences, 248; its de-
structive effect, 248; prisoners sent
back by Wolfe arrive, 250; three
prisoners hanged for theft, 251;
known Niagara was captured, 259;
supplies brought by old men, women
and children, 261; harvest, 268;
provision boats expected, 275; con-
quered by British, 293.

Queen, Her majesty the: her birthday
observed in Canada, iv. 346n.; her
beneficial influence on manners, 435;
her fidelity to constitutional freedom,
468.

Quen, de superior of jesuits, i. 241.
Queylus, abbé Gabriel de arrives at

Quebec, i. 240; retained in city,
241; considers impolitic to multiply
religious orders, 249; sends two
nuns to Mdlle. Mance, 249; not in
accord with jesuits, 250; leaves for
France, 250; proceeds to Quebec to
meet bishop de Laval, 273; his
generosity of character, 274; popu-
lar at Quebec, 275; leaves Quebec,
275; arrested at Montreal, 276;
taken forcibly to Quebec and sent
back to France, 276; forbidden to
return to Canada, 277; Montreal
associates in France appeal, 277;
communication sent to Canada, pro-
hibition withdrawn, 277; visits
Rome, 278; finds that he is accused
of Jansenism, 278; prevented leav-
ing France, 279; obtains a passage
and calls on de Laval, 279; ordered
not to leave Quebec, 280; leaves
Quebec for Montreal, 282; forced to
return to France, 283; returns to
Canada, 370; head of seminary,
Montreal, 376; leaves for France,
396; Talon's opinion of him, 396;
his death, 396.
Quintana

114.

seizes French frigate, ii.