143. Generous conduct of the emperor to the relatives of the convicts,

144. Expiatory ceremony on the Place of the Senate,

252

253

145. Great reforms in all departments introduced by the emperor,

146. Great legal reforms of the emperor,

254

255

147. Crime of the insurgents,

257

148. Coronation of the emperor and empress at Moscow,

258

149. Character of the Emperor Nicholas, and parallel between him and Peter

FRANCE FROM THE COUP D'ETAT OF 5TH MARCH 1819, TO THE ACCESSION OF THE

PURELY ROYALIST MINISTRY IN DECEMBER 1821.

1. Great evils of France at the close of 1816,

263

2. Rapid flow of prosperity which succeeded them in the next year,

3. Brilliant appearance of Paris,

264

265

4. Exports, imports, and revenue of France during this period,

ib.

5. Thorough establishment of representative institutions in France,

6. Which have no effect in conciliating the Liberal party,

7. Popular acts of the new ministry,

266

267

ib.

8. Return of Maret and many other of the proscribed to France,

269

9. Increasing strength of the Liberals, and resistance to the Government,

22. Conversation of Louis XVIII. and the Count d'Artois on the election,

43. Resignation of M. Decazes, and the Duke de Richelieu sent for,

301

44. The king's inclination for Platonic attachments,

302

45. The Countess Du Cayla,

303

46. Her first interview with Louis, which proves successful,

ib.

47. Character of M. Decazes,

305

48. Merits of his measures as a statesman,

ib.

49. Division of parties in the Assembly after M. Decazes' fall,

306

50. Funeral of the Duke de Berri, and execution of Louvel,

307

51-52. Ministerial measures of the session. Argument against the first,

53. Answer by the Government,

308-309

309

54-55. Censorship of the press. Argument against it by the Opposition,

56-57. Answer by the Ministerialists,

58. Result of the debate,

314

59. Reflections on this subject,

315

60. Alarming state of the country, and defensive measures of Government,

61. Denunciation of the secret government,

76. Loud declamation on the subject in the Chamber of Deputies,

85. Congratulations from the European powers, and promotions in France,

89. Disturbances in the provinces. Internal measures of the Government,

90. Changes in the household,

§

Page

99. Law for additional ecclesiastical endowments,

93. The king's circular to the electors,

94. Result of the elections favourable to the Royalists,

95. Effect of the change in the Assembly,

96. Accession of Villèle, &c. to the ministry,

97. Speech of the king, and answer of the Chambers,

98. Measures of the session, fixing the boundaries of the electoral districts,

345

347

348

349

350

351

352

ib.

353

102. Law regarding the censorship of the press,

354

103. Speech of M. Pasquier on the occasion,

355

104. Increasing irritation of parties, and difficulties of the ministry,

356

105. Rupture with the Royalists, and fall of the Richelieu ministry,

106. The new ministry,

114. Great exaggeration regarding the English treatment of him,

115. Lamartine's account of his exile,

366

368

116. Irritation between him and Sir Hudson Lowe, .

369

117. All parties were wrong regarding his treatment at St Helena,

118. Change on Napoleon before his death,

DOMESTIC HISTORY OF ENGLAND, FROM THE PASSING OF THE CURRENCY ACT OF 1819 TO

THE DEATH OF LORD LONDONDERRY IN 1822.

1. Difference of the objects of the Liberal party in France and England,

2. Difference in the causes which produced discontent in the two countries,

3. Great effects of the change in the monetary laws,

376

377

378

4. Mr Smith's views on this subject,

379

5. Great effects of any variation in the value of the standard of value,

12. Vast importance of an inconvertible currency as a regulator of prices,

380

382

383

384

385

386

387

13. A currency based on the precious metals is always liable to fluctuations,

14. Concurring causes which brought about the bill of 1819,

15. Danger of a currency entirely rested on a metallic basis,

16. True system,

387

388

390

17. Peculiar dangers with which the resumption of cash payments was attended,

18. Strain on the money market, from the immense loans on the Continent,

19. Great prosperity of England in end of 1818 and spring of 1819, from

extension of its currency,

20. Great internal prosperity of the country,

21. Disastrous contraction of the currency,

22. Its effects on the Bank issues,

23. And on prices of all commodities,

24. Rapid increase of disaffection in the country,

391

392

393

394

395

397

398

399

401

403

404

ib.

406

407

30. Reflections on the impolicy of allowing such meetings,

31. And on the conduct of the magistrates,

408

409

36. Impression Lord Sidmouth and Lord Castlereagh made on the Radicals,
37. Death of the Duke of Kent,

39. Deep impression which his death made on the country,

416

417

418

419

40. Birth of Queen Victoria,

420

.

41. Alarming illness of George IV.,

421

42. Ominous questions regarding the omission of Queen Caroline's name in

57. Statistics on education in England and Wales by Mr Brougham,

ib.

58. Difficulties of this subject, and necessity of an assessment,

62. Effect of education in leading to the dispersion of mankind, .

Page

442

63. Disfranchisement of Grampound, and transfer of its members to Yorkshire, 443

64. Rise of free-trade ideas among the merchants, and Lord Lansdowne's

declaration on the subject,

65-67. Lord Liverpool's memorable speech in reply,

444

445-447

68. Appointment of a committee to inquire into agricultural distress,

69-71. Opinion of Mr Brougham on this subject, .

78. Her conduct abroad, and proceedings in consequence of it,

456

79. Omission of the queen's name in the Liturgy, and her return to England, 457

80. Her landing in England, and enthusiastic reception,

458

81. Views of the Radical leaders on the occasion,

459

82. Enthusiastic reception of the queen at Dover and in London,

460

83. Failure of the negotiations, and commencement of the inquiry,

84. Scene which ensued on the trial,

90. Consternation of the ministry, who resolve to remain at their posts,

91. Return of popularity of Government, and causes of it,

92. Meeting of Parliament, and first proceedings,

94. Sir James Mackintosh's efforts to improve the criminal law,
95. Mr Canning's striking speech on Catholic emancipation,

ib.

472

96. Answer by Mr Peel,

473

97. Which is carried in the Commons, and lost in the Peers,

474

98. Lord John Russell's motion for parliamentary reform,

475

99. Appointment of a committee to inquire into agricultural distress,

100. Bank Cash Payment Bill,

101-102. Mr Baring's speech on the subject,

103. Vehement demand for a reduction of taxation,

104. Agricultural committee reports, and state of the consumption of articles

105. Increase of the desire for reform among the agriculturists,

108. Aspect of Wellington, Londonderry, and George IV.,

109. The queen is refused admittance: her death,

482

483

484

485

486

114. Retirement of Lord Sidmouth, who is succeeded by Mr Peel as Home

115. Lord Wellesley appointed Viceroy of Ireland, and change in the govern-

ment there,

491