FOREIGN STUDENT DOLLAR REQUIREMENTS UNDER FULBRIGHT PROGRAM Now, in placing these foreign students, bear in mind the fact that in this budget we are asking for, in the foreign-student category, money under the Fulbright program to bring in 1,278 foreign students. We are only paying the full fare, so to speak, all expenses, on 206. That means for over a thousand we must get private scholarships. Bear in mind the fact that these are graduate students. They are confined, therefore, to the colleges and universities which have graduate departments. Senator ELLENDER. You say you pay all expenses for 206? Mr. RILEY. Out of 1,278. Senator ELLENDER. All right. How much of the expense do you pay for the remainder? Mr. RILEY. Just the international travel. Senator ELLENDER. And how about their living expenses in this country? How is that paid? Mr. RILEY. From private funds entirely. Taking another category: For example, I made a study of our foreign-professor program for 1953. Out of 12 countries, we brought in 349 foreign professors and researchers to perform advanced research. We put into that, in appropriated dollars, $186,000. The foreign governments and foreign institutions put in $337,000. Private institutions in the United States put in $559,000. Other United States sources put in $57,850. In toto, here is a program which costs over $900,000, with $186,000 of that in United States appropriated funds, the rest of it being private funds. PROCEDURE OF SELECTING COLLEGE BY FOREIGN STUDENT Senator ELLENDER. Now, how is the selection of the college made? Who does that? The student? Or do you? Mr. RILEY. Let's take, for example Senator ELLENDER. Answer the question first. Mr. RILEY. Sometimes the student does. In case a student from France has a private scholarship in New York, he goes through the regular screening processes, and if we find he is a very high-type person, the type we would bring in under our program ordinarily, we will pay his transportation here and save our dollars for some other student who doesn't have a scholarship in New York. That is one reason the scholarships are heavier in some States than in others. Senator ELLENDER. Is that due to the fact that the student is given the privilege of making a selection? He selects the school from which he gets the scholarship? Mr. RILEY. That is true in the case that I mentioned, sir. Now, in other instances, we will have, say, a good student from Pakistan, who wants to study, shall I say, comparative law, or some particular subject. When he applies, he writes out in great detail the type of course, what he wants to accomplish professionally, while he is in this country. We will turn his name over to the Institute of International Education in New York. We will say, "Do your best to try to get a private scholarship for this student." That scholarship may be in any one of the 48 States. It may be that we can't get a scholarship for him. So what do we do then? We say, "Here is a topnotch fellow. We think it would be very beneficial to our interests to bring him into the United States. Here is what he wants to accomplish while he is here." Then we try to find the best university in the United States that is willing to accept him, where he can fulfill that project. Senator ELLENDER. And in that case you make the selection? Mr. RILEY. In that case we make the selection. That is correct, sir. Senator ELLENDER. Now, in making another rapid calculation, I find that in 8 States you have more than one-half of the people. More than one-half are going to colleges in those 8 States. Isn't there some way by which you could have a greater diversity? Mr. RILEY. Sir, if you could have seen this picture some years ago, it would not be quite as good as it is now. We are making every effort that we can to get the colleges and universities in this country, in some of these States, to take these foreign students and to give them scholarships. Senator ELLENDER. Do you find any opposition on the part of any of the schools in the different States to take these students? Mr. RILEY. Not where we pay the full fare for them. However, if a student wants to take on a program, let's say again of comparative law, first we have to put the student in an institution where they teach comparative law. Second, we have to put him in a place where they have room for another student. So we run into that, as an operating difficulty. SITUATION WHERE FREE SCHOLARSHIPS ARE OFFERED Senator ELLENDER. To what extent are colleges permitted to vie with each other in obtaining these foreign students? Mr. RILEY. I would say that the only way that they have of vying with each other is by offering free scholarships. Senator ELLENDER. And is there much of that? Mr. RILEY. I don't know the exact number of scholarships. I know in 1953 we had something like $7,350,000 worth of private money including scholarships put into this program. So there is quite a bit of it; yes, sir. Senator ELLENDER. Now, going back to the 13 Southern States, your record shows 446 students, as compared with 772 in New York. I wonder if you could tell us the number of applicants from these States in contrast to New York; in other words, the number of students that were considered and turned down in the 13 Southern States as compared to New York. Can you give us figures on that? Mr. RILEY. I am not sure that our records will give us that. I can say this, in general terms, that there are about 10 to 15 applicants for every scholarship that we have. I don't think that you will find that it is any heavier in one part of the country than in the other, except as you reflect the number of students on campuses and the number of educational institutions. My guess is that there are more American students, more universities, in New York than there are in some of the Southern States. And I am sure that is true. I know it is true. FOREIGN STUDENTS IN MASSACHUSETTS Senator ELLENDER. I notice the second in rank is Massachusetts, with 398 students. Would you say that is due to the fact that Massachusetts has more schools? Mr. RILEY. More schools. I would say that is the major reason. Senator ELLENDER. Is that the major reason? Mr. RILEY. That is the major reason, yes, sir. And also more schools that are willing to give free scholarships. Senator ELLENDER. In proportion to population we have quite a few schools in my own State, and I notice that we have only 36 students. Mr. RILEY. Yes, sir. GRANTEES FROM ARKANSAS Senator ELLENDER. From Arkansas, the home of my good friend Senator Fulbright, who is what you might say the "daddy" of this law, a portion of it, only 10 were drawn. Senator SMITH. Five each way. Five went and five came. Well, I think that situation will deserve your attention. Mr. RILEY. It is getting our constant attention, yes, sir. very sensitive to it. Senator ELLENDER. So as to get these people scattered around the country a little more. Mr. RILEY. I am a middle westerner myself, and I know what you are talking about. Senator ELLENDER. I would hate for most of them to come from the Northeast, you know, including New York, New York Senator SMITH. Be careful now. Senator ELLENDER. And Massachusetts. Because we would like to give our southern variety if we can, a chance. We have good schools and good students in our Southern States. Senator FERGUSON. You have this large number in New York. How many are at Columbia? Mr. RILEY. I have no figures with me. I can furnish for the record the number of foreign students that Columbia University has as of now, under our programs. LETTER URGING ATTENDANCE IN SMALLER AMERICAN COLLEGES Senator FERGUSON. For instance, we have this in a letter from a prominent person, who is in favor of this program: In my opinion, the foreign students coming to school over here would, unless there are compelling reasons to the contrary, be placed in relatively small schools and not located in large cities. Under these surroundings I believe they will get a much better perspective of life in the United States. I feel that the opportunities for really getting acquainted with us and obtaining a proper appreciation of our way of life are enhanced in the smaller schools and towns. Conversely, the likelihood of their segregating themselves into small cliques, sometimes limiting their associations almost exclusively to small groups of nationals and former nationals of their own country, as is often the case in large cities, is reduced. Now, I found that to be true in my own State, that where they went to the smaller schools they became presidents of their classes and took a very active part in the class, because they were not segregated into the groups from the same country which wanted to take their time and attention. Now, this comes from a man who has great experience in the field of youth and manpower. And I think it ought to have very careful attention. Mr. RILEY. I agree with you very definitely, sir. Senator FERGUSON. I wish you would give us a breakdown-I suppose you have one, and it wouldn't take too much time-of the colleges that these people are sent to. Mr. RILEY. Sir, could I give you the breakdown for, let's say, the fiscal year 1953? Senator FERGUSON. That is what we are using bere. Mr. RILEY. Yes, sir. That is correct. I will do my very best to furnish that for the record accurately. (Information referred to follows:) Placement of foreign-student grantees in the United States,' by State and institutional affiliation (1953-54 academic year) Alabama: Alabama Polytechnic Institute. Arizona: Arizona State College.. Memorial Hospital, Phoenix_ University of Arizona.. Arkansas: University of Arkansas. California: American Baptist Foreign Mission Society, Berkeley. Barbara Ann Baking Co., Los Angeles.... California Institute of Technology, Pasadena.. Caughey & Ternstrom, Los Angeles... Claremont Graduate School at Claremont_ 45481-54-pt. 2-6 |