every turn.

Continue winding as far as the point a. There stop, as directed in the footnote, and taking the tying-silk b in your right hand, remove it from between the gut and head of the shank at c; pass it two or three times round the hook, gut, and end of the herl at a, and then secure the silk by placing it between the gut and head of the shank, as before, and cut off what remains unwound of the herl.

VI. Winding the twist. The fly will now appear as fig. 13., in which a represents the gut, b a portion of the tying-silk, and c the gold twist. Take the twist c in your right hand, and wind it up in open coils, as in fig. 14., and

fasten it in the same way as you have been directed to fasten the herl; afterwards securing the tying-silk between the gut and head of the shank, and cutting of the superfluous twist.

VII. Winding the hackle. Keep the hook in the same perfectly horizontal position, in the left hand, as we suppose you to have done during all the previous operations, and taking the hackle by the stem (a, fig. 15.), commence winding it up the body, taking a turn be

tween each coil of the twist, till you come to the point d; stopping it, of course,

Fig. 15.

at every turn, and arranging the fibres, as you proceed, that they may lie evenly and smoothly, turn after turn. From the point d to the point b wind what remains of the hackle in close coils, so that it shall be all exhausted at the last named point. Stop it there and employ the catch to hold down the silk c at the same time. Push the fibres of the hackle in their proper position, making them cover the body smoothly and regularly, and keep them down in that position by covering them with the tips of your left fore-finger and thumb. Then, still holding them down in this way clear of the shank-top, the tying-silk being also tightly held by the catch, let go the stop and draw the stem of the hackle up, to bring it under the last turn of the silk; stop it there, and make two

or three turns with the tying-silk over the stem of the hackle and the bare shank-top, as shown at c (fig. 16.). Use the catch, to hold the tying-silk down out of the way, and pull the stem of the hackle in

Fig. 16.

order to be sure that you have it close upon the shank; for, unless this care be taken, it is liable to uncoil while fastening. Cut off the superfluous stem, take another turn or two with the silk, and fasten off with two half-hitches, thus: Stop the last coil of the tying-silk, and throw the silk over in the direction of the arrow in fig. 17., in the form of a ring. Again stop while

you pass the end b (fig. 17.) through the ring, and draw it tight. The head of the fly, if finished properly, will appear as fig. 18.

TO MAKE A BUZZ-FLY.

The making of a palmer will have taught so

much of the general manipulations of fly-making and their principles, that very little remains to be done in order to apply them to every description of fly. Abuzz-fly (fig. 19.)

is much easier to make than either a palmer or a wing-fly, on account of the less troublesome character of the hackle

Fig. 19.

in the one case, and the less number of materials in the other.

Proceed exactly as directed for the palmer, except that the hackle must be tied in about half way up the shank, instead of at the bend, as d at (fig. 20.). If you make the body of herl, or of silk, tie it in as for the body of the palmer; but if the body is to be of dubbing, a few fibres of that mate

rial must be formed, by twirling them between the fingers, into a mass of a taper form and double the length of the part of the shank you intend to cover

Fig. 20.

with the body (c, fig. 20.). Of course, if you want a thick or thin body, the quantity of fur

must be proportioned accordingly; practice will

soon enable you to judge to a nicety of the proper quantity. When you have arrived at the stage of the process at which the materials for the body are to be tied in (viz., after the hook and gut are attached), and have there fastened the silk or other material for rib, if required, take the dubbing and apply its finer end to the bend of the hook, from which the tying-silk is depending, and, with the finger and thumb of your right hand, twist the dubbing and the silk together evenly and not tightly, and wind both, thus twisted together, up the shank, to form the body, fastening the hackle in your way upwards, with one turn over its point, at d (fig. 20.), and continuing to wind the dubbing beyond it to the top of the shank. There, between the gut and shank-top, leave the tying-silk, which you must be careful is now free from any particles of dubbing, or the neatness of the head will be destroyed, and proceed to wind up the rib in the manner before directed for winding the gold twist of the palmer, and fasten it at the head in the same way; completing the fly by winding the hackle in close coils to the head, and securing it there with half hitches.

Buzz, as well as wing-flies, generally require whisks, which are intended to imitate the setæ or