The Seminoles constituting a large portion of the tribe, have refused to make their homes in any part thereof, assigning as a reason that they are unwilling to submit to Creek laws and government, and that they are apprehensive of being deprived by the Creek authorities of their property; and whereas repeated complaints have been made to the United States Government, that those of the Seminoles who refuse to go into the Creek country, have, without authority or right, settled upon lands secured to other tribes, and that they have committed numer. ous and extensive depredations upon the property of those upon whose lands they have intruded: Now, therefore, in order to reconcile all difficulties respecting location and jurisdiction, to settle all disputed questions which have arisen, or may hereafter arise, in regard to rights of property, and especially to preserve the peace of the frontier, seriously endangered by the restless and warlike spirit of the intruding Seminoles, the parties to this treaty have agreed to the following stipulations: body or separCreek any ARTICLE I. The Creeks agree that the Seminoles shall be entitled to setto settle in atle in a body or separately, as they please, in any part of the ately, in country; that they shall make their own town regulapart of Creek country, the tions, subject, however, to the general control of the Creek subject to the council, in which they shall be represented; and, in short, that control of the no distinction shall be made between the two tribes in any resNo distinction pect, except in the management of their pecuniary affairs, in to be made be. which neither shall interfere with the other. Creek council. tween the two tribes, except in pecuniary af. ARTICLE II. fairs. Seminoles who The Seminoles agree that those of their tribe who have not have not remov-done so before the ratification of this treaty, shall, immediately country to do thereafter, remove to and permanently settle in the Creek so immediately. country. ed to Creek cases ing the right of ARTICLE III. All contested It is mutually agreed by the Creeks and Seminoles that all concern-contested cases between the two tribes, concerning the right of property to be property, growing out of sales or transactions that may have subject to the occurred previous to the ratification of this treaty, shall be subPresident of the ject to the decision of the President of the United States. decision of the United States. Additional an Inuity of $3,000 ARTICLE IV. The Creeks being greatly dissatisfied with the manner in allowed the which their boundaries were adjusted by the treaty of 1833, Creeks for 20 which they say they did not understand until after its execution annuity of $3,- and it appearing that in said treaty no addition was made to years, and the the the treaty of their country for the use of the Seminoles, but that, on the con- 000 provided by trary, they were deprived, without adequate compensation, of a 1832 continued. considerable extent of valuable territory: And, moreover, Seminoles, since the Creeks first agreed to receive them, having been engaged in a protracted and bloody contest, which has naturally engendered feelings and habits calculated to make them troublesome neighbors: The United States, in consideration of these circumstances, agree that an additional annuity of three thousand dollars for purposes of education shall be allowed for the term of twenty years; that the annuity of three thousand dollars provided in the treaty of 1832 for like purposes shall be continued until the determination of the additional annuity above mentioned. It is further agreed that all the eduEducation fund, cation funds of the Creeks, including the annuities above nam- annuity, &c. of ed, the annual allowance of one thousand dollars, provided in the Creeks to be expended in the treaty of 1833, and also all balances of appropriation for their own couneducation annuities, that may be due from the United States, try in support of shall be expended in their own country for the support of a manual labor school in the Canadian District, and of another in the Arkansas District; provided that the President does not Proviso. object to such application of the annuities above named, granted in the treaties of 1832 and 1833. And it is also agreed that, in the management of such schools, the wishes of the Creek council shall be consulted. ARTICLE V. certain schools. remove, while their new The Seminoles having expressed a desire to settle in a body Rations to be is on Little River, some distance westward of the present resi- sued to such Sedence of the greater portion of them, it is agreed that rations minoles as may shall be issued to such as may remove while on their way to on the way to their new homes; and that, after their emigration is completed, homes, and the the whole tribe shall be subsisted for six months, due notice to whole tribe to be given that those who do not come into the Creek country 6 months after before the issues commence shall be excluded. And it is dis- emigration. tinctly understood that all those Seminoles, except those now Those refusing in Florida, who refuse to remove to and settle in the Creek months country within six months after this treaty is ratified, participate in any of the benefits it provides. shall not be subsisted for to remove in 6 after ratification of this treaty not to participate in its benefits. ARTICLE VI. The sum of fifteen thousand four hundred dollars, provided The sum of $15in the second article of the treaty of Payne's Landing, shall 400 provided for in the treaty of be paid in the manner therein pointed out, immediately after Payne's Landthe emigration of those Seminoles who may remove to the ing, and the $3, 000 provided Creek country is completed. Also as soon after such emigra for in said treation as practicable, the annuity of three thousand dollars forty--when to be fifteen years provided in the fourth article of said treaty, and, in addition thereto, for the same period, two thousand dollars per annum in goods suited to their wants, to be equally divided among all the members of the tribe. paid. ARTICLE VII. $1,000 per an- In full satisfaction and discharge of all claims for property num for 5 years to be furnished left or abandoned in Florida at the request of the officers of the in agricultural United States, under promise of remuneration, one thousand implements. dollars per annum, in agricultural implements, shall be furnished the Seminoles for five years. The northern boundary line ARTICLE VIII. To avoid all danger of encroachments on the part of either and western Creeks or Seminoles upon the territory of other nations, the of the Creeks to northern and western boundary lines of the Creek country shall be plainly and distinctly marked. be marked. Signed 4th Jan. 1845. In witness whereof, the said Commissioners and the undersigned Chiefs and Head Men of the Creek and Seminole tribes, have hereunto set their hands, at the Creek Agency, this fourth day of January, 1845. WM. ARMSTRONG, Act'g Superintendent Western Territory. Seminole Sub-Agent. J. P. Davis, Capt. U. S. A. J. B. S. Todd, Captain 6th Infantry. Jno. Dillard. James L. Alexander. J. H. Heard. Resolution of the treaty with IN EXECUTIVE SESSION OF THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES, Resolved, (two thirds of the Senators present concurring,) the Senate ad- That the Senate advise and consent to the ratification of the vising and con. senting to the articles of a treaty made by William Armstrong, P. M. Butler, ratification of James Logan, and Thomas L. Judge, Commissioners in becertain amend- half of the United States, of the first part, the Creek tribe of Indians of the second, and the Seminole tribe of Indians, of the third part, concluded at the Creek Agency, on the 4th day of January, eighteen hundred and forty-five, with the following ments. AMENDMENTS. Strike out from the fourth article the following words: "in their own country, for the support of a manual labor school in the Canadian district, and of another in the Arkansas district; provided that the President does not object to such application of the annuities above named, granted in the treaties of 1832 and 1833. And it is also agreed, that, in the management of such schools, the wishes of the Creek council shall be consulted" And insert, in lieu thereof, the following words: "under the direction of the President of the United States for the purposes of education aforesaid," Strike out from the fifth article the following words: "except those now in Florida," and add, at the end of this article, the following: "except those now in Florida, who shall be allowed twelve months from the date of the ratification of this treaty for their removal." Attest: ASBURY DICKINS, Secretary. Creeks and Seminoles to the amendments of the Senate. Assent of the Whereas a treaty was made and concluded on the fourth day of January, 1845, between the United States, by William Armstrong, Acting Superintendent Western Territory, Pearce M. Butler, Cherokee Agent, James Logan, Creek Agent, and Thomas L. Judge, Sub-Agent for the Seminoles, and the Chiefs and Head Men of the Creek and Seminole tribes of Indians assembled in council; and whereas the Senate did, |