that situation for the conclusion of his peace with England and • Russia," leaves no doubt remaining with respect to the intentions of France.

After this the former concluded basis for peace was entirely set aside, and instead of it an armistice was proposed on the part of the French, at the very moment when it was thought that the basis of a definitive peace had been settled; and each new advantage gained in the interim by the French, now increased the severity of the demands made upon Prussia.

After having indulged themselves in so many illusory hopes, the plenipotentiaries of the king at last thought themselves justified to conclude, on the 16th of November, the armistice hereafter inserted verbatim, in order to put a stop to the continually increasing demands of the enemy. This document was accompanied by the official declaration of the imperial minister for foreign affairs, M. Talleyrand, prince of Bene. vento, the contents of which prove more clearly than any thing that had gone before, that Prussia would only flatter herself in vain, if she cherished the most distant hope of a secure or lasting peace, notwithstanding the unheard of sacrifices which the armistice imposed upon her.

But if the king himself even had indulged such a hope, it was no longer in his power to fulfil those condtions in that armistice with regard to the Russian armies; because, as the French troops during the negotiation had advanced even to the Vistula, his majesty was not in a situation to stop the march of the Russian armies, when their own frontiers were menaced by the enemy. Thus, no choice was left to the king; he was obliged to refuse his ratification of the armistice which the grand marshal Duroc brought to his head-quarters at Osterode, on the 22d of November.

If any alternative remained, it was one that implied the accomplishing of impossibilities, viz. to invite the cabinet of St. Petersburgh to unite with his majesty, and agree upon the basis of a negotiation with the emperor Napoleon for a general peace.

This has been done; and, though there were but feeble hopes of the success of such an attempt, yet the king did not recall the marquis Lucchesini from the head-quarters of the emperor and king.

During the time that the king was thus exhausting all the resources in his power to stop the shedding of human blood, he was nevertheless busily occupied in bringing forward all the means of resistance which God has given him.

While the fortresses, provided with ample means of defence, such as those of Stettin, Custrin, Magdeburg, &c. have been delivered up to the enemy in a most scandalous manner by their respective commanders, the other fortresses of the country, particularly those on the banks of the Vistula, have been now put in the best possible state of defence, and intrusted to the command of brave and honourable officers. The rest of the marching regiments, which were quartered or encamped near the Vistula and Warte, shall be united with a numerous, well disciplined, and brave army, brought to the assistance of the king by his true friend and faithful ally the emperor Alexander.

While these united troops attack the enemy, a new and nu merous army, which is begun to be collected, well disciplined, and equipped for war, shall follow their fellow soldiers to the field of glory. Above all, the king relies on the support of that people, who gloriously fought the battle in the seven years war against almost all Europe, and who did not despond nor waver in their allegiance to their monarch, even when the capital and the greatest part of the kingdom were in the possession of the enemy; his majesty looks with confidence to the support of that people, who, upon that occasion, in the midst of unheard of perils and calamities, evinced an energy and firmness which has merited the applause of the present age, and sccured them that of future generations.

At the present moment there are even greater calls upon our energies, than there were at the period of the above calamities. We now struggle for all that is dear and honourable to us as a

nation, or sacred to humanity. To preserve the independence and existence of the nation alone, the king took up arms; this the nation, nay, the whole world knows; and the enemy will not be able to deceive the people by the phantom of a pretended coalition, of the existence of which he cannot produce the least evidence.

In her former struggles in the seven years war, Prussia stood alone, or at least without any material assistance from any other power. She then stood up against the first powers in Europe. In the present struggle she can reckon upon the assistance of the powerful and magnanimous Alexander, who, with his whole strength, stands forward for the preservation of Prussia. Prussia, in this great struggle, has only one interest in common with Russia; both will stand and fall together. With such an intimate union of both powers, in such a holy struggle, against an enemy whose success has raised him to such a giddy height, that he knows no limits to his career, the issue of the struggle cannot long remain doubtful.

Perseverance in danger, according to the glorious example of our forefathers, can and will alone lead us on to victory...

No. 12.

General Kosciusko's pretended Address to his Countrymen, the principal Parts of which are as follow:

Amidst the clangour of arms, which re-echoes from Poland, Kosciusko is about to join you. In the enterprise of the French, in their triumphs, and by their awful eagle hovering before them, you will distinguish those legions, which display their courage in the four quarters of the globe, and in one

campaign have dispersed the united force of two great empires; and have lately in one week annihilated the labour of a century, the work of Frederick, and the trophies of his old and celebrated generals.

Dear countrymen and friends, who have proved yourselves to possess a degree of fortitude equal to our misfortunes; you who, banished from your native soil, have remained under a nation friendly to Poland; and you who, having become stran. gers in the heart of that country, nevertheless preserved the sense of glory, and the recollection of our brethren, arise; the great nation is before you: Napoleon expects, and Kos ciusko calls you!

I soon shall again behold the paternal earth which my arm defended; those fields which I have bathed with my blood; and with tears of joy I embrace those unfortunate friends whom I was not permitted to follow to the grave. Beloved and brave countrymen, whom I was compelled to abandon to the yoke of the conquerors, I have only lived to avenge your wrongs; and I now return to restore you to freedom. Sacred remains of my country! I hail you with transport, and embrace you with a sacred mania. I will join you, never more to part. Worthy of the great man whose arm is extended towards you, worthy of the Poles who now hear my voice, I shall endeavour to establish a more splendid and stable basis; or, if the name of my native country amounted to no more with my fellow citizens than empty words, in this case I shall know how to avoid my disaster and your disgrace, by burying myself under the noble ruins of our aspiring fortune. But no, the good times of Poland have returned! Destiny has not led Napoleon and his invincibles to the shores of the Vistula without an object. We are under the ægis of the monarch who vanquishe difficulties as it were by a miracle; and the reanimation of Poland is too glorious a subject not to have been left by the eternal judge for him to achieve.

Paris, Nov. 1.

(Signed)

KOSCIUSKO.

No. 13.

Note of C. M. Talleyrand, Prince of Benevento, delivered in after the Armistice between France and Prussia was signed.

The undersigned minister for foreign affairs has received his imperial and royal majesty's commands, to declare to their excellencies the marquis Lucchesini and the general Von Zastrow, plenipotentiaries of his majesty the king of Prussia, as follows:

Four coalitions, of which the last has brought on the present war, were formed against France:-all four have been conquered; the victories which his imperial and royal majesty has gained over them, have subjected under his power very extensive dominions.-Thrice has France, actuated by a moderation unexampled in history, determined to give back the whole, or at least the greater part of her conquests, and has re-established princes upon their thrones, without any great diminution of that power which they had forfeited in consequence of the emperor's victories.-Although the emperor has thrice acted in this manner, yet he is willing once more to display his ex-. traordinary moderation, though it might produce, before the lapse of ten years, even a fifth coalition.

In the course of those continually renewed wars, France, Spain, and Holland, have lost their colonies. It is natural, it is just, that those countries which, by the laws of war, have come into the possession of the emperor, should serve as com. pensations for those colonies. But the most material injury which the fourth coalition has done to France, is, that the Porte has lost its independence. Wallachia and Moldavia