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THE TENURE OF KINGS AND MAGISTRATES.
AREOPAGITICA

TRACTS ON THE COMMONWEALTH.

OBSERVATIONS ON ORMOND'S PEACE. LETTERS OF STATE, &c
BRIEF NOTES ON DR. GRIFFITH'S SERMON.

OF REFORMATION IN ENGLAND. OF PRELATICAL EPISCOPACY.
THE REASON OF CHURCH GOVERNMENT URGED AGAINST PRELACY
OF TRUE RELIGION, HERESY, SCHISM, TOLERATION.

OF CIVIL POWER IN ECCLESIASTICAL CAUSES.

WITH

A PREFACE, PRELIMINARY REMARKS, AND NOTES,

BY J. A. ST. JOHN.

LONDON: GEORGE BELL AND SONS, YORK STREET,
COVENT GARDEN.

1875.

"

828

M66
1875

1.2

LONDON:

PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS,

STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.

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OF PRET ATICAL EPISCOPACY, and whether it may be Deduced from the Apostolical Times, by Virtue of those Testimonies which are Alleged to that Purpose in some late Treatises; one whereof goes under the name of James, Archbishop of Armagh

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THE REASON OF CHURCH GOVERNMENT URGED AGAINST
PRELATY In Two Books

PREFACE

BOOK I.

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CHAP. I.-That Church Government is prescribed in the
Gospel; and that to say otherwise is unsound.
CHAP. II.-That Church Government is set down in Holy
Scripture; and that to say otherwise is untrue
CHAP. III. That it is dangerous and unworthy the Gospel, to
hold that Church Government is to be patterned by the
Law, as Bishop Andrews and the Primate of Armagh
maintain

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CHAP. IV. That it is impossible to make the Priesthood of
Aaron a Pattern whereon to ground Episco cy

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CHAP. V. To the arguments of Bishop Andrews and the Primate.. CHAP. VI. That Prelaty was not set up for Prevention of Schism, as is pretended; or if it were, that it performs not what it was first set up for, but quite the contrary 459 CHAP. VII. That those many Scots and Schisms by some supposed to be among us, and that Rebellion in Ireland, ought not to be a Hinderance, but a Hastening of Reformation

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CHAP. I.-That Prelaty opposeth the Reason and End of the
Gospel three Ways: and first, in her outward Form 482
CHAP. II. That the ceremonious Doctrine of Prelaty opposeth
the Reason and End of the Gospel ..
CHAP. III. That prelatical Jurisdiction opposeth the Reason*
and End of the Gospel and of State .
THE CONCLUSION.-The Mischief that Prelaty does in the State 501
OF TRUE RELIGION, HERESY, SCHISM, TOLERATION; and what

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best Means may be used against the Growth of Popery 509 A TREATISE OF CIVIL POWER IN ECCLESIASTICAL CAUSES; shewing that it is not lawful for any Power on Earth to compel in Matters of Religion

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THE

TENURE OF KINGS AND MAGISTRATES •

PROVING

THAT IT IS LAWFUL, AND HATH BEEN HELD SO THROUGH ALL AGES, FOR ANY, WHE HAVE THE POWER, TO CALL TO ACCOUNT A TYRANT, OR WICKED KING, AND AFTEI DUE CONVICtion, to dePOSE, AND PUT HIM TO DEATH, IF THE ORDINARY MAGIS TRATE HAVE NEGLECTED, OR DENIED TO DO IT. AND THAT THEY WHO OF LATE SO MUCH BLAME DEPOSING, ARE THE MEN THAT DID IT THEMSELVES.

EDITOR'S PRELIMINARY REMARKS.

SOON after the march of Fairfax and Cromwell, with the whole army, through the city, in Apirl, 1647, to suppress the insurrection of Brown and Massey, Milton removed to Holborn, where he continued until after the King's death; when, the form of the government being changed to a republic, and the Presbyterians, then out of power, declaring their abhorrence of the Stuart's execution, Milton undertook, in the following treatise, to maintain the right of nations to put a tyrant to death. Wood rightly supposes it was written before the execution of Charles I., though it now contains many passages afterwards inserted ;* but Milton himself assures us it was not published until the transaction had taken place; and even then more with a design to compose the public mind, and reconcile to the existing government such as were disaffected, than to determine anything respecting the late king. From a MS. note found in a printed copy in his possession, Dr. Birch discovered that the work was published in the month of February, 1648-49.† It should be remembered that even in his "Defence of the People of England," when there existed no reasons for suppressing or disguising his sentiments, Milton never exhibited any hatred of just and lawful princes; and here, in advocating tyrannicide, takes the greatest care to distinguish between the king and the tyrant. His opinions, in fact, were those of Buchanan, ("De Jure Regni apud Scotos, ") from whom Dryden absurdly accuses him of stealing the whole "Defence of the People of England;" and upon the Revolution of 1688, Locke maintained, with the approbation of King William III., precisely the same proposition. This the reader should constantly bear in mind, as well as that he wrote in a Commonwealth, at a time when the opinions of most learned men were unfavourable to monarchy.

* In the second edition, in 1650; for his works had then a rapid sale. + Life of Milton, prefixed to the 4to. edition of the Prose Works, p. xxxii.

‡ Preface to the "Medal,” which he entitles "An Epistle to the Whigs." VOL. II.

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