THE TENURE OF KINGS AND MAGISTRATES. TRACTS ON THE COMMONWEALTH. OBSERVATIONS ON ORMOND'S PEACE. LETTERS OF STATE, &c OF REFORMATION IN ENGLAND. OF PRELATICAL EPISCOPACY. OF CIVIL POWER IN ECCLESIASTICAL CAUSES. WITH A PREFACE, PRELIMINARY REMARKS, AND NOTES, BY J. A. ST. JOHN. LONDON: GEORGE BELL AND SONS, YORK STREET, 1875. THE TENURE OF KINGS AND MAGISTRATES: proving that it is lawful, and hath been held so through all Ages, for any who have the Power, to call to Account a Tyrant, or wicked King, and after due Conviction, to depose, and put PAGITICA: a Speech for the Liberty of Unlicensed Print- ing to the Parliament of England. THE PRESENT MEANS AND BRIEF DELINEATION OF A FREE THE READY AND EASY WAY TO ESTABLISH A FREE COMMON- WEALTH, and the Excellence thereof, compared with the Inconveniences and Dangers of re-admitting Kingship in OBSERVATIONS ON THE ARTICLES OF PEACE, between James Earl of Ormond for King Charles the First on the one Hand, and the Irish Rebels and Papists on the other Hand and on a Letter sent by Ormond to Colonel Jones, Governor of Dublin: and a Representation of the Scots Presbytery at Belfast in Ireland. To which the said LETTERS OF STATE to most of the Sovereign Princes and Re- publics of Europe during the Administration of the Com- A MANIFESTO OF THE LORD PROTECTOR to the Common- wealth of England, Scotland, Ireland, &c. Wherein is shewn the Reasonableness of the Cause of this Republic against the Depredations of the Spaniards BRIEF NOTES UPON A LATE SERMON TITLED THE FEAR of GOD AND THE KING; preached and since published by Matthew Griffith, D. D., and Chaplain to the late King. OF PRET ATICAL EPISCOPACY, and whether it may be Deduced from the Apostolical Times, by Virtue of those Testimonies which are Alleged to that Purpose in some late Treatises; one whereof goes under the name of James, Archbishop of Armagh THE REASON OF CHURCH GOVERNMENT URGED AGAINST PREFACE BOOK I. CHAP. I.-That Church Government is prescribed in the CHAP. IV. That it is impossible to make the Priesthood of PA3 420 438 439 441 445 449 452 . 453 CHAP. V. To the arguments of Bishop Andrews and the Primate.. CHAP. VI. That Prelaty was not set up for Prevention of Schism, as is pretended; or if it were, that it performs not what it was first set up for, but quite the contrary 459 CHAP. VII. That those many Scots and Schisms by some supposed to be among us, and that Rebellion in Ireland, ought not to be a Hinderance, but a Hastening of Reformation CHAP. I.-That Prelaty opposeth the Reason and End of the best Means may be used against the Growth of Popery 509 A TREATISE OF CIVIL POWER IN ECCLESIASTICAL CAUSES; shewing that it is not lawful for any Power on Earth to compel in Matters of Religion THE TENURE OF KINGS AND MAGISTRATES • PROVING THAT IT IS LAWFUL, AND HATH BEEN HELD SO THROUGH ALL AGES, FOR ANY, WHE HAVE THE POWER, TO CALL TO ACCOUNT A TYRANT, OR WICKED KING, AND AFTEI DUE CONVICtion, to dePOSE, AND PUT HIM TO DEATH, IF THE ORDINARY MAGIS TRATE HAVE NEGLECTED, OR DENIED TO DO IT. AND THAT THEY WHO OF LATE SO MUCH BLAME DEPOSING, ARE THE MEN THAT DID IT THEMSELVES. EDITOR'S PRELIMINARY REMARKS. SOON after the march of Fairfax and Cromwell, with the whole army, through the city, in Apirl, 1647, to suppress the insurrection of Brown and Massey, Milton removed to Holborn, where he continued until after the King's death; when, the form of the government being changed to a republic, and the Presbyterians, then out of power, declaring their abhorrence of the Stuart's execution, Milton undertook, in the following treatise, to maintain the right of nations to put a tyrant to death. Wood rightly supposes it was written before the execution of Charles I., though it now contains many passages afterwards inserted ;* but Milton himself assures us it was not published until the transaction had taken place; and even then more with a design to compose the public mind, and reconcile to the existing government such as were disaffected, than to determine anything respecting the late king. From a MS. note found in a printed copy in his possession, Dr. Birch discovered that the work was published in the month of February, 1648-49.† It should be remembered that even in his "Defence of the People of England," when there existed no reasons for suppressing or disguising his sentiments, Milton never exhibited any hatred of just and lawful princes; and here, in advocating tyrannicide, takes the greatest care to distinguish between the king and the tyrant. His opinions, in fact, were those of Buchanan, ("De Jure Regni apud Scotos, ") from whom Dryden absurdly accuses him of stealing the whole "Defence of the People of England;" and upon the Revolution of 1688, Locke maintained, with the approbation of King William III., precisely the same proposition. This the reader should constantly bear in mind, as well as that he wrote in a Commonwealth, at a time when the opinions of most learned men were unfavourable to monarchy. * In the second edition, in 1650; for his works had then a rapid sale. + Life of Milton, prefixed to the 4to. edition of the Prose Works, p. xxxii. ‡ Preface to the "Medal,” which he entitles "An Epistle to the Whigs." VOL. II. B |