istrator, under regulations prescribed by him, for such recommendation and certification with respect to any landing area or air navigation facility proposed to be established, constructed, altered, repaired, maintained, or operated by, or in the interests of, such person. There shall be no exclusive right for the use of any landing area or air navigation facility upon which Federal funds have been expended.

METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE

SEC. 304 [52 Stat. 986, 49 U. S. C. 454] The Administrator is empowered and directed to make recommendations to the Secretary of Agriculture for providing meteorological service necessary for the safe and efficient movement of aircraft in air commerce.

DEVELOPMENT OF FACILITIES

SEC 305 [52 Stat. 986, 49 U. S. C. 455] The Administrator is empowered to undertake or supervise such developmental work and service testing as tends to the creation of improved air navigation facilities, aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, and appliances. For such purpose, the Administrator is empowered, subject to the approval of the Authority, to make purchases (including exchange) by negotiation or otherwise of experimental aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, appliances, air navigation facilities, and radio apparatus, which seem to offer special advantages to aeronautics.

COLLECTION AND DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION

SEC. 306 [52 Stat. 986, 49 U. S. C. 456] The Administrator is empowered and directed to collect and disseminate information relative to civil aeronautics (other than information collected and disseminated by the Authority under titles IV and VI of this Act and by the Air Safety Board); to study the possibilities of the development of air commerce and the aeronautical industry; and to exchange with foreign governments, through appropriate governmental channels, information pertaining to civil aeronautics.

DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

SEC. 307 [52 Stat. 986, 49 U. S. C. 457] The Administrator is empowered and directed to make plans for such orderly development and location of landing areas, airways, and all other aids and facilities for air navigation, as will best meet the needs of, and serve the interest of safety in, civil aeronautics.

OTHER DUTIES OF ADMINISTRATOR

SEC. 308 [52 Stat. 986, 49 U. S. C. 458] The Administrator shall exercise and perform the powers and duties vested in and imposed upon him by this Act, and such powers and duties vested in and imposed upon the Authority by this Act (except the powers under sections 202, 203, 204, and 206, and the powers and duties under titles IV and VI) as may, from time to time, be assigned to him by the Authority; and shall so exercise and perform his powers and duties as best to effectuate the policies declared in, and the purposes of, this Act. The Authority may request the Administrator to make reports to it of his work under this Act,

POWER TO CONDUCT HEARINGS AND INVESTIGATIONS

SEC. 309. In the conduct of any public hearings or investigations authorized by this Act or by the Federal Airport Act, the Administrator or any duly designated examiner shall have the same powers to take evidence, issue subpenas, take depositions, and compel testimony as are vested in members of the Board and its duly designated examiners by section 1004 of this Act. Actions of the Administrator, or his examiners in such cases shall be governed by the procedures specified in section 1004, and be enforced in the manner provided therein. (Added by Act of July 1, 1948, 62 Stat. 1216.)

TITLE IV-AIR CARRIER ECONOMIC REGULATION

CERTIFICATE OF PUBLIC CONVENIENCE AND NECESSITY

Certificate Required

SEC. 401[52 Stat. 987, 49 U. S. C. 481] (a) No air carrier shall engage in any air transportation unless there is in force a certificate issued by the Authority authorizing such air carrier to engage in such transportation: Provided, That if an air carrier is engaged in such transportation on the date of the enactment of this Act, such air carrier may continue so to engage between the same terminal and intermediate points for one hundred and twenty days after said date, and thereafter until such time as the Authority shall pass upon an application for a certificate for such transportation if within said one hundred and twenty days such air carrier files such application as provided herein.

Application for Certificate

(b) Application for a certificate shall be made in writing to the Authority and shall be so verified, shall be in such form and contain such information, and shall be accompanied by such proof of service upon such interested persons, as the Authority shall by regulation require.

Notice of Application

(c) Upon the filing of any such application, the Authority shall give due notice thereof to the public by posting a notice of such application in the office of the secretary of the Authority and to such other persons as the Authority may by regulation determine. Any interested person may file with the Authority a protest or memorandum of opposition to or in support of the issuance of a certificate. Such application shall be set for public hearing, and the Authority shall dispose of such application as speedily as possible.

Issuance of Certificate

(d) (1) The Authority shall issue a certificate authorizing the whole or any part of the transportation covered by the application, if it finds that the applicant is fit, willing, and able to perform such transportation properly, and to conform to the provisions of this Act and the rules, regulations, and requirements of the Authority hereunder, and that such transportation is required by the public convenience and necessity; otherwise such application shall be denied.

(2) In the case of an application for a certificate to engage in temporary air transportation, the Authority may issue a certificate authorizing the whole or any part thereof for such limited periods as may be required by the public convenience and necessity, if it finds that the applicant is fit, willing, and able properly to perform such transportation and to conform to the provisions of this Act and the rules, regulations, and requirements of the Authority hereunder.

Existing Air Carriers

(e) (1) If any applicant who makes application for a certificate within one hundred and twenty days after the date of enactment of this Act shall show that, from May 14, 1938, until the effective date of this section, it, or its predecessor in interest, was an air carrier, continuously operating as such (except as to interruptions of service over which the applicant or its predecessor in interest had no control), the Authority, upon proof of such fact only, shall, unless the service rendered by such applicant for such period was inadequate and inefficient, issue a certificate or certificates, authorizing such applicant to engage in air transportation (A) with respect to all classes of traffic for which authorization is sought, except mail, between the terminal and intermediate points between which it, or its predecessor, so continuously operated between May 18, 1938, and the effective date of this section, and (B) with respect to mail and all other classes of traffic for which authorization is sought, between the terminal and intermediate points between which the applicant or its predecessor was authorized by the Postmaster General prior to the effective date of this section, to engage in the transportation of mail: Provided, That no applicant holding an air-mail contract shall receive a certificate authorizing it to serve any point not named in such contract as awarded to it and not served by it prior to April 1, 1938, if any other air carrier competitively serving the same point under authority of a contract as awarded to such air carrier shall prove that it is adversely affected thereby, and if the Authority shall also find that transportation by the applicant to and from such point is not required by the public convenience and necessity.

(2) If paragraph (1) of this subsection does not authorize the issuance of a certificate authorizing the transportation of mail between each of the points between which air-mail service was provided for by the Act of Congress making appropriations for the Treasury Department and the Post Office Department, approved March 28, 1938, the Authority shall, notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, issue certificates authorizing the transportation of mail, and all other classes of traffic for which authorization is sought, between such points, namely, (A) from Wichita, Kansas, to Pueblo, Colorado, via intermediate cities; (B) from Bismarck, North Dakota, to Minot, North Dakota; (C) from Detroit, Michigan, to Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan, via intermediate cities; (D) from Brownsville, Texas, via Corpus Christi, to Houston to San Antonio, Texas; (E) from Phoenix, Arizona, to Las Vegas, Nevada, via intermediate cities; (F) from Jacksonville, Florida, to New Orleans, Louisiana, via intermediate cities; (G) from Tampa, Florida, to Memphis, Tennessee, via intermediate cities, and from Tampa, Florida, to Atlanta, Georgia, via intermediate cities (which projects have been

advertised); and (H) by extension from Yakima, Washington, to Portland, Oregon; and (I) by extension from Grand Rapids, Michigan, to Chicago, Illinois.

Terms and Conditions of Certificate

(f) Each certificate issued under this section shall specify the terminal points and intermediate points, if any, between which the air carrier is authorized to engage in air transportation and the service to be rendered; and there shall be attached to the exercise of the privileges granted by the certificate, or amendment thereto, such reasonable terms, conditions, and limitations as the public interest may require. A certificate issued under this section to engage in foreign air transportation shall, insofar as the operation is to take place without the United States, designate the terminal and intermediate points only insofar as the Authority shall deem practicable, and otherwise shall designate only the general route or routes to be followed. Any air carrier holding a certificate for foreign air transportation shall be authorized to handle and transport mail of countries other than the United States. No term, condition, or limitation of a certificate shall restrict the right of an air carrier to add to or change schedules, equipment, accommodations, and facilities for performing the authorized transportation and service as the development of the business and the demands of the public shall require. No air carrier shall be deemed to have violated any term, condition, or limitation of its certificate by landing or taking off during an emergency at a point not named in its certificate or by operating in an emergency, under regulations which may be prescribed by the Authority, between terminal and intermediate points other than those specified in its certificate. Any air carrier may make charter trips or perform any other special service, without regard to the points named in its certificate, under regulations prescribed by the Authority.

Effective Date and Duration of Certificate

(g) Each certificate shall be effective from the date specified therein, and shall continue in effect until suspended or revoked as hereinafter provided, or until the Authority shall certify that operation thereunder has ceased, or, if issued for a limited period of time under subsection (d) (2) of this section, shall continue in effect until the expiration thereof, unless, prior to the date of expiration, such certificate shall be suspended or revoked as provided herein, or the Authority shall certify that operations thereunder have ceased: Provided, That if any service authorized by a certificate is not inaugurated within such period, not less than ninety days, after the date of the authorization as shall be fixed by the Authority, or if, for a period of ninety days or such other period as may be designated by the Authority, any such service is not operated, the Authority may by order, entered after notice and hearing, direct that such certificate shall thereupon cease to be effective to the extent of such service.

Authority to Modify, Suspend, or Revoke

(h) The Authority, upon petition or complaint or upon its own initiative, after notice and hearing, may alter, amend, modify, or

suspend any such certificate, in whole or in part, if the public convenience and necessity so require, or may revoke any such certificate, in whole or in part, for intentional failure to comply with any provi sion of this title or any order, rule, or regulation issued hereunder or any term, condition, or limitation of such certificate: Provided, That no such certificate shall be revoked unless the holder thereof fails to comply, within a reasonable time to be fixed by the Authority, with an order of the Authority commanding obedience to the provision, or to the order (other than an order issued in accordance with this proviso), rule, regulation, term, condition, or limitation found by the Authority to have been violated. Any interested person may file with the Authority a protest or memorandum in support of or in opposi tion to the alteration, amendment, modification, suspension, or revocation of a certificate.

Transfer of Certificate

(i) No certificate may be transferred unless such transfer is approved by the Authority as being consistent with the public interest.

Certain Rights Not Conferred by Certificate

(j) No certificate shall confer any proprietary, property, or exclusive right in the use of any air space, civil airway, landing area, or air-navigation facility.

Application for Abandonment

(k) No air carrier shall abandon any route, or part thereof, for which a certificate has been issued by the Authority, unless, upon the application of such air carrier, after notice and hearing, the Authority shall find such abandonment to be in the public interest. Any interested person may file with the Authority a protest or memorandum of opposition to or in support of any such abandonment. The Authority may, by regulations or otherwise, authorize such temporary suspension of service as may be in the public interest.

Compliance With Labor Legislation

(1) (1) Every air carrier shall maintain rates of compensation, maximum hours, and other working conditions and relations of all of its pilots and copilots who are engaged in interstate air transportation within the continental United States (not including Alaska) so as to conform with decision numbered 83 made by the National Labor Board on May 10, 1934, notwithstanding any limitation therein as to the period of its effectiveness."

(2) Every air carrier shall maintain rates of compensation for all of its pilots and copilots who are engaged in overseas or foreign air transportation or air transportation wholly within a Territory or possession of the United States, the minimum of which shall be not less, upon an annual basis, than the compensation required to be paid under said decision 83 for comparable service to pilots and copilots engaged in interstate air transportation within the continental United States (not including Alaska).

Para. (1) of Sec. 401 (1) was amended by act of April 29, 1942, 56 Stat. 265. The amendment was repealed by Act of July 25, 1947, 61 Stat. 449.