(3) Nothing herein contained shall be construed as restricting the right of any such pilots or copilots, or other employees, of any such air carrier to obtain by collective bargaining higher rates of compensation or more favorable working conditions or relations.

(4) It shall be a condition upon the holding of a certificate by any air carrier that such carrier shall comply with title II of the Railway Labor Act, as amended.

(5) The term "pilot" as used in this subsection shall mean an employee who is responsible for the manipulation of or who manipulates the flight controls of an aircraft while under way including take-off and landing of such aircraft, and the term "copilot" as used in this subsection shall mean an employee any part of whose duty is to assist or relieve the pilot in such manipulation, and who is properly qualified to serve as, and holds a currently effective airman certificate authorizing him to serve as, such pilot or copilot.

Requirement as to Carriage of Mail

(m) Whenever so authorized by its certificate, any air carrier shall provide necessary and adequate facilities and service for the transportation of mail, and shall transport mail whenever required by the Postmaster General. Such air carrier shall be entitled to receive reasonable compensation therefor as hereinafter provided.

Application for New Mail Service

(n) Whenever, from time to time, the Postmaster General shall find that the needs of the Postal Service require the transportation of mail by aircraft between any points within the United States or between the United States and foreign countries, in addition to the transportation of mail authorized in certificates then currently effective, the Postmaster General shall certify such finding to the Authority and file therewith a statement showing such additional service and the facilities necessary in connection therewith, and a copy of such certification and statement shall be posted for at least twenty days in the office of the secretary of the Authority. The Authority shall, after notice and hearing, and if found by it to be required by the public convenience and necessity, make provision for such additional service, and the facilities necessary in connection therewith, by issuing a new certificate or certificates or by amending an existing certificate or certificates in accordance with the provisions of this section.

PERMITS TO FOREIGN AIR CARRIERS

Permit Required

SEC. 402 [52 Stat. 991, 49 U. S. C. 482] (a) No foreign air carrier shall engage in foreign air transportation unless there is in force a permit issued by the Authority authorizing such carrier so to engage: Provided, That if any foreign air carrier is engaged in such transportation on the date of the enactment of this Act, such carrier may continue so to engage between the same terminal and intermediate points for one hundred and twenty days after said date, and thereafter until such time as the Authority shall pass upon an application for a permit for such transportation if within said one hundred and twenty days such carrier files such application as provided in this

section.

Issuance of Permit

(b) The Authority is empowered to issue such a permit if it finds that such carrier is fit, willing, and able properly to perform such air transportation and to conform to the provisions of this Act and the rules, regulations, and requirements of the Authority hereunder, and that such transportation will be in the public interest.

Existing Permits

(c) Any such carrier who holds a permit issued by the Secretary of Commerce under section 6 of the Air Commerce Act of 1926, as amended, which was in effect on May 14, 1938, and which authorizes such carrier to operate between any foreign country and the United States, shall be entitled to receive a permit under this section upon proof of that fact only.

Application for Permit

(d) Application for a permit shall be made in writing to the Authority, shall be so verified, shall be in such form and contain such information, and shall be accompanied by such proof of service upon such interested persons, as the Authority shall by regulation require.

Notice of Application

(e) Upon the filing of an application for a permit the Authority shall give due notice thereof to the public by posting a notice of such application in the office of the secretary of the Authority and to such other persons as the Authority may by regulation determine. Any interested person may file with the Authority a protest or memorandum of opposition to or in support of the issuance of a permit. Such application shall be set for public hearing and the Authority shall dispose of such applications as speedily as possible.

Terms and Conditions of Permit

(f) The Authority may prescribe the duration of any permit and may attach to such permit such reasonable terms, conditions, or limitations as, in its judgment, the public interest may require.

Authority to Modify, Suspend, or Revoke

(g) Any permit issued under the provisions of this section may, after notice and hearing, be altered, modified, amended, suspended, canceled, or revoked by the Authority whenever it finds such action to be in the public interest. Any interested person may file with the Authority a protest or memorandum in support of or in opposition to the alteration, modification, amendment, suspension, cancelation, or revocation of a permit.

Transfer of Permit

(h) No permit may be transferred unless such transfer is approved by the Authority as being in the public interest.

TARIFFS OF AIR CARRIERS

Filing of Tariffs Required

SEC. 403 [52 Stat. 992, 49 U. S. C. 483] (a) Every air carrier and every foreign air carrier shall file with the Authority, and print, and keep open to public inspection, tariffs showing all rates, fares, and charges for air transportation between points served by it, and between points served by it and points served by any other air carrier or foreign air carrier when through service and through rates shall have been established, and showing to the extent required by regulations of the Authority, all classifications, rules, regulations, practices, and services in connection with such air transportation. Tariffs shall be filed, posted, and published in such form and manner, and shall contain such information, as the Authority shall by regulation prescribe; and the Authority is empowered to reject any tariff so filed which is not consistent with this section and such regulations. Any tariff so rejected shall be void. The rates, fares, and charges shown in any tariff shall be stated in terms of lawful money of the United States, but such tariffs may also state rates, fares, and charges in terms of currencies other than lawful money of the United States, and may, in the case of foreign air transportation, contain such information as may be required under the laws of any country in or to which an air carrier or foreign air carrier is authorized to operate.

Observance of Tariffs; Rebating Prohibited

(b) No air carrier or foreign air carrier shall charge or demand or collect or receive a greater or less or different compensation for air transportation, or for any service in connection therewith, than the rates, fares, and charges specified in its currently effective tariffs; and no air carrier or foreign air carrier shall, in any manner or by any device, directly or indirectly, or through any agent or broker, or otherwise, refund or remit any portion of the rates, fares, or charges so specified, or extend to any person any privileges or facilities, with respect to matters required by the Authority to be specified in such tariffs, except those specified therein. Nothing in this Act shall prohibit such air carriers or foreign air carriers, under such terms and conditions as the Authority may prescribe, from issuing or interchanging tickets or passes for free or reduced-rate transportation to their directors, officers, and employees and their immediate families; witnesses and attorneys attending any legal investigation in which any such air carrier is interested; persons injured in aircraft accidents and physicians and nurses attending such persons; and any person or property with the object of providing relief in cases of general epidemic, pestilence, or other calamitous visitation; and, in the case of overseas or foreign air transportation, to such other persons and under such other circumstances as the Authority may by regulations prescribe.

Notice of Tariff Change

(c) No change shall be made in any rate, fare, or charge, or any classification, rule, regulation, or practice affecting such rate, fare, or charge, or the value of the service thereunder, specified in any effective tariff of any air carrier or foreign air carrier, except after

thirty days' notice of the proposed change filed, posted, and published in accordance with subsection (a) of this section. Such notice shall plainly state the change proposed to be made and the time such change will take effect. The Authority may in the public interest, by regulation or otherwise, allow such change upon notice less than that herein specified, or modify the requirements of this section with respect to filing and posting of tariffs, either in particular instances or by general order applicable to special or peculiar circumstances or conditions.

Filing of Divisions of Rates and Charges Required

(d) Every air carrier or foreign air carrier shall keep currently on file with the Authority, if the Authority so requires, the established divisions of all joint rates, fares, and charges for air transportation in which such air carrier or foreign air carrier participates.

RATES FOR CARRIAGE OF PERSONS AND PROPERTY

Carrier's Duty to Provide Service, Rates, and Divisions

SEC. 404 [52 Stat. 993, 49 U. S. C. 484] (a) It shall be the duty of every air carrier to provide and furnish interstate and overseas air transportation, as authorized by its certificate, upon reasonable request therefor and to provide reasonable through service in such air transportation in connection with other air carriers; to provide safe and adequate service, equipment, and facilities in connection with such transportation; to establish, observe, and enforce just and reasonable individual and joint rates, fares, and charges, and just and reasonable classifications, rules, regulations, and practices relating to such air transportation; and, in case of such joint rates, fares, and charges, to establish just, reasonable, and equitable divisions thereof as between air carriers participating therein which shall not unduly prefer or prejudice any of such participating air carriers.

Discrimination

(b) No air carrier or foreign air carrier shall make, give, or cause any undue or unreasonable preference or advantage to any particular person, port, locality, or description of traffic in air transportation in any respect whatsoever or subject any particular person, port, locality, or description of traffic in air transportation to any unjust discrimination or any undue or unreasonable prejudice or disadvantage in any respect whatsoever.

Foreign Rate Study

(c) The Authority is empowered and directed to investigate and report to the Congress within one year from the effective date of this section, to what extent, if any, the Federal Government should further regulate the rates, fares, and charges of air carriers engaged in foreign air transportation, and the classifications, rules, regulations, and practices affecting such rates, fares, or charges.

TRANSPORTATION OF MAIL

Continuation and Termination of Mail Contracts

SEC. 405 [52 Stat. 994, 49 U. S. C. 485] (a) Each contract between the United States and any person for the carriage of mail, entered into or continued under the provisions of the Air Mail Act of 1934, as amended, and each contract for the carriage of mail by aircraft in Alaska, shall be continued in effect until canceled in accordance with this subsection. Each such contract shall be canceled upon the issuance to the holder of such contract of a certificate of public convenience and necessity authorizing the transportation of mail by aircraft between the points covered by such contract, or upon the failure of the holder of such contract to apply for such certificate within one hundred and twenty days after the date of enactment of this act, or upon a determination by the Authority that such certificate should not be issued. Until the Authority fixes rates under section 406 of this Act, the Postmaster General shall pay compensation for the transportation of mail by aircraft at the rates provided by each such contract or, where rates have been heretofore or shall hereafter be fixed by orders of the Interstate Commerce Commission, pursuant to proceedings instituted prior to the date of enactment of this Act, shall pay compensation for such transportation in accordance with such orders as if this Act had not been enacted.

Continuation and Termination of Foreign Mail Contracts

(b) Each contract between the United States and any person heretofore entered into under the provisions of the Act of March 8, 1928, as amended (45 Stat. 248), shall be continued in effect until canceled in accordance with this subsection. Each such contract shall be canceled upon the issuance of a certificate of public convenience and necessity to the holder of such contract authorizing the transportation of mail by aircraft between the points covered by such contract, or upon the effective date of any order of the Authority hereunder fixing a fair and reasonable rate of compensation for the transportation of mail by aircraft between the points covered by such contract, whichever is later, or upon the failure of the holder of such contract to apply for such certificate within one hundred and twenty days after the date of enactment of this Act, or upon a determination by the Authority that such certificate should not be issued.

Termination of Bonds

(c) Upon the cancellation, pursuant to the provisions of this Act, of any contract for the transportation of mail by aircraft, the bond or bonds required from the holder thereof shall terminate and cease to be effective, and such holder and his or its surety or sureties thereon shall be released and discharged from all obligations thereunder, and all securities deposited with such bond or bonds shall forthwith be returned to such holder: Provided, That the foregoing provision shall not be construed to terminate or make ineffective any bond or bonds of such holder, or to release or discharge from any obligation thereunder such holder or his or its surety or sureties thereon, in respect of any matter arising prior to the date of the