flammable industrial organic solvents the code of the National Fire Protection Association.

4. Industrial Code No. 7. Safety Code for Structural Painting and Painters' Rigging. Effective February 14, 1952.

Code covers registration, maintenance and inspection of rigging; safety regulations for swing stages and boatswains' chairs, scaffolds, ladders, roof boards, and other means of support.

5. Industrial Code No. 8. Safety Code for Laundry Machinery and Operations. Effective July 23, 1949.

Code applies to all moving parts of equipment used in laundries, with special reference to the point of operation of laundry machines.

6. Industrial Code No. 9. Safety Code for Dry Cleaning and Dry Dyeing Establishments. Effective July 23, 1949.

Code applies to all machines and equipment installed, maintained, and operated in all establishments where dry cleaning, dry dyeing, pressing, or other finishing of articles is carried on. Dry cleaning systems are classified into 4 classes according to a schedule for the rating of hazards of industrial organic solvents. Dry cleaning by use of class I solvents is prohibited, except as provided for in the Code. Specific rules are given for other three classes covering location, construction, exits, fire protection, and lighting; workroom ventilation, and exhaust ventilation of dry cleaning machines and equipment and their operation so as to prevent solvent escape; treatment and storage tanks, stills and condensers, fittings, filters and other machinery; brushing and spotting operations; and instructions to workers on avoiding and controlling excessive exposures. General requirements include approval of plans for establishing or remodeling a dry cleaning plant by local authorities having jurisdiction or by the Division of Industrial Inspection. 7. Industrial Code No. 10. Safety Code for Rubber and Allied Industries. Code covers mechanical and health hazards encountered in industries processing rubber and rubber products including rubber mills; specifications for calenders and monthly inspections; ventilation and lighting; and a list of potential occupational hazards and maximum allowable concentrations for each. Reference is made to other State and national codes applicable to the industry.

NOTE: Safety codes have also been adopted for mechanical power-transmission apparatus (Industrial Code No. 2); construction, inspection, maintenance and operation of elevators, escalators, dumb-waiters (Industrial Code No. 4); and use, care and protection of abrasive wheels (Industrial Code No. 1) which is the American Standards Code B 7.1-1947.

Employment of Women and Minors

Among pertinent provisions are the following:

Public Laws 1945, Chapter 1659, Section 4, Clause (B). Requires meal periods to be allowed at same hour for women and children, 5 or more in number, starting to work at same hour. Prohibits such employees from tending machines or performing work other than their own at meal periods.

Clause (C). Requires meal period after 6 hours of continuous work for women and children. Permits variations when total employment is for 61⁄2 or 71⁄2 hours per day. Penalties for violation.

Public Laws 1943, Chapter 1312, Section 1. Prohibits employment of children under 16 in any factory, mechanical or mercantile establishment and prohibits their employment in any business establishment between 6 p. m. and 6 a. m.

Clause 3 of Section 1. Provides for issuance of permits for children under 14 under certain conditions for work on certain days, but specifically prohibits their employment in factories or in mechanical or mercantile establishments.

Section 3. Prohibits employment of minors under 16 in operating or assisting in operation of specified machines, and in specified places of employment and occupations or in any work, occupation, place or process declared by Department of Public Health to be injurious, dangerous, or hazardous for minors under 16.

Reporting of Injuries

Public Laws 1951, Chapter 2814. Requires every employer employing one or more persons, to immediately notify the Division of Industrial Inspection of the State Department of Labor, of every fatal personal injury sustained by employees; authorizes the Department to conduct an immediate on-the-scene investigation to determine cause; and prohibits employer or others to remove or alter machinery or destroy evidence in any way pertaining to the cause of such fatal injury. Penalty for violation.

Workmen's Compensation

The Workmen's Compensation Act is administered by the Division of Workmen's Compensation. (General Laws 1938, Chapter 300, as amended in subsequent years)

Occupational Disease Compensation

General Laws 1938, Chapter 300, Section 2, as amended by Public Laws 1949, Chapter 2253. Provides for full coverage.

Reporting of Injuries

General Laws 1938, Chapter 300, Sections 1 and 7 as amended by Public Laws 1949, Chapter 2282. Require employers subject to the provisions of the Workmen's Compensation Law to report to the Director of Labor personal injuries both fatal and those incapacitating employees from earning full wages for a period of at least 3 days, and occupational diseases that shall come to the knowledge of the employer. Law does not apply to public utilities which are required to report to the Division of Public Utilities, provided however that the Director of Labor is furnished duplicate reports.

Section 3. "No report of injuries to employees other than those required by this chapter shall be required of any other department or office of the state from employers to whom the provisions of this chapter apply. . . .'

STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION

Vocational Rehabilitation

Public Laws 1951, Chapter 2752, Section 11. Designates the State Board of Education as the State Board for Vocational Rehabilitation to cooperate with federal agencies in the administration of any act of Congress "relating to vocational education and rehabilitation in agriculture, distributive occupations, household arts, trades and industries, or to disabled veterans and other persons, and to secure for the state the benefits thereof."

Public Laws 1949, Chapter 2215. Empowers the State Board for Vocational Education to provide for vocational rehabilitation of disabled persons, and their return to civil employment, including such services as medical and vocational diagnosis, vocational guidance, counseling, training, physical restoration, occupational licenses, and tools and equipment; accepts the provisions and benefits of the Federal Act; and provides for maintenance of persons entitled to workmen's compensation during period of rehabilitation and instruction which shall be in addition to the compensation.

DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS REGULATION

General Laws 1938, Chapter 122. The Division of Public Utilities in the Department of Business Regulation has jurisdiction over railroads, street railways and other common carriers, communications and power utilities. Its powers and duties include safety aspects of public utilities.

Chapter 124, Section 45. Requires frogs, switches and guard-rails on railroad tracks to be filled or blocked so as to prevent the feet of employees from being caught therein.

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL

Public Laws 1946, Chapter 1760. "An Act Authorizing Cities and Towns to Control Air Pollution. It is enacted by the General Assembly as follows: "Section 1. For the purpose of promoting the general health, safety, morals or general welfare, the city council or any city and the town council of any town, and the representative council of the city of Newport shall have power in accordance with the provisions of this act within the limits of such city or town to regulate by ordinance the pollution of air in such city or town.

"Section 2. Such ordinance shall be designed to eliminate or control as far as deemed practicable the emission of dense smoke from any building, marine, stationary or locomotive engine, or motor vehicle, place or premises, or the escape or discharge of cinders, dust, gas, steam or noisome odors from any such building or place.

"Section 3. Such ordinance shall define the extent of smoke or other air pollution which is permitted or forbidden and may establish special exemptions as to source or as to permitted periods of discharge of smoke or other substances. "Section 4. Such ordinance (a) may also provide for rights of entry and inspection by the smoke inspector or other officer having the duties of smoke inspector of such city or town; and (b) may require permits for new construction or alterations of fuel consuming equipment, provided, however, that the cost of such permits shall be definitely fixed and shall not in any case exceed $10.00. "Section 5. Such ordinance may further provide for the imposition of fines of not more than $100.00 for each violation thereof and may provide that each day whenever any provisions of such ordinance shall be violated shall be a separate offense.

"Section 6. Such ordinance may also provide for the adoption of rules and regulations by the smoke inspector or other officer having the duty of smoke inspector for the purpose of making such ordinance effective and enforcement thereof uniform...." Rest of section deals with procedure for adopting rules and regulations after public hearings.

SOUTH CAROLINA

SOURCES: Code of Laws of South Carolina 1952 Annotated

Rules and Regulations of State Agencies

STATE BOARD OF HEALTH

Authority and Functions

Code of Laws of South Carolina 1952 Annotated, Section 32-2. Duties in general. "Said Board is invested with all the rights and charged with all the duties pertaining to organizations of like character and shall be the sole advisor

of the State in all questions involving the protection of the public health within its limits.

"It shall, through its representatives, investigate the causes, character and means of preventing such epidemic and endemic diseases as the State is liable to suffer from and the influence of climate, location and occupations, habits, drainage, scavengering, water supply, heating and ventilation. .

Section 32-8. Committee may promulgate and enforce rules for public bealth. "The executive committee of the State Board of Health may make, adopt, promulgate and enforce reasonable rules and regulations from time to time requiring and providing . . . (3) For the production, storing, transportation and selling of milk and milk products; (4) For the sanitation and control of abattoirs, meat markets, whether the same be definitely provided for that purpose or used in connection with other business, bottling plants, and canneries (8) For the control of industrial plants, including the protection of workers from fumes, gases and dust, whether obnoxious or toxic ... (12) For the thorough investigation and study of the causes of all diseases, epidemics and otherwise in this State, the means for the prevention of contagious disease and the publication and distribution of such information as may contribute to the preservation of the public health and the prevention of disease.

"The committee may make separate orders and rules to meet any emergency not provided for by general rules and regulations, for the purpose of suppressing nuisances dangerous to the public health and communicable, contagious and infectious diseases and other danger to the public life and health.” Penalty for violation.

Section 32-39. Health officer to advise municipal and county authorities. "The State Health Officer, when it is deemed necessary by the municipal officers of any town or city or the governing body of any county may . . . (c) advise, when practicable or possible, as to measures of sanitation or hygiene and (d) investigate and advise as to all matters respecting food, water supply, sewerage, drainage, ventilation, heating, lighting or other measures connected with public sanitation or safety."

Investigation of Occupational Diseases

Code of Laws 1952, Volume 7. In Rules and Regulations on Communicable Diseases-Filed Secretary of State's Office, February 17, 1944.

Section 2. Physicians shall report cases of occupational diseases. "... The state board of health is authorized to investigate and to make recommendations for the elimination and prevention of occupational diseases which shall be reported in accordance with the provisions of this section. The state board of health is also authorized to study and provide advice in regard to conditions that may be suspected of causing occupational diseases, provided information obtained upon investigations made in accordance with the provisions of this section shall not be admissible as evidence in any action of law to secure compensation for occupational diseases through common law."

General Provisions Relating to Occupational Health

Statutory Provisions

Code of Laws 1952, Section 32-1225. Persons responsible for condition of privies. "... the person in charge of an office building, establishment or institution shall be responsible for the sanitary maintenance of such privy as may be used by his . . . employees, workers or other persons."

Section 32-1241. When required. "In order to protect the public health, all persons engaged in manufacturing in this State and furnishing, by renting

and otherwise, directly or indirectly, houses to their employees shall furnish to their employees occupying such houses sewerage closets with necessary sewerage connections for them." Penalty for violation.

Rules and Regulations

Adopted by the State Board of Health and filed Secretary of State's office. In Code of Laws 1952, Volume 7.

1. Industries. Filed February 17, 1944.

Regulations set forth requirements for water supply, drinking fountains, and number, type and construction of toilet facilities; prohibit use of the common cup and spitting; prohibit employers to use or permit to be used in the conduct of their business "any process, material or condition known to have an adverse effect on health, unless arrangements have been made to maintain the occupational environment in such a manner that injury to health shall not result"; list maximum allowable concentrations for toxic substances; and prohibit the use of mercurial carrot in the preparation of hatters' fur, and of mercurial carroted hatters' fur in the manufacture of hats.

2. Food Processing Plants. Filed April 20, 1951.

Regulation deals with sanitary requirements of food processing plants engaged in preparing, manufacturing, canning, bottling and processing food. Requirements cover permits, cleanliness of premises, equipment and utensils, storage and refrigeration, cleanliness of employees, provision of dressing, washing, and toilet facilities as specified, provision of adequate lighting and ventilation, waste disposal, and prohibition of diseased persons from working with food.

Separate regulations are filed for sanitary regulation of locker plants, slaughterhouses, milk and milk products, poultry processing plants, construction camps, and soft drink bottling plants.

3. Nuisances-Defined. Filed February 17, 1944.

"(b) The maintaining or carrying on of manufacture of chemicals, or any trade or manufacture in such a manner as to be a menace to the public health through improper or inadequate disposal of dust wastes or fumes" constitutes a nuisance.

Reporting of Occupational Diseases

Code of Laws 1952. Volume 7. In Rules and Regulations on Communicable Diseases. Filed February 17, 1944.

Section 2. Physicians shall report cases of occupational diseases. "Every physician having knowledge of any person whom he believes to be suffering from any occupational disease shall report the diagnosis of the disease to the state board of health. . .

DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Authority and Functions

Code of Laws 1952, Section 40-1. Department created; Commissioner of Labor. "A Department of Labor is hereby created and established under the supervision and direction of a commissioner to be known as the Commissioner of Labor. The Commissioner shall have charge of the administration of the Department of Labor and the enforcement of all rules and regulations which it is the duty of the Department to administer and enforce and shall direct all inspections and investigations except as otherwise provided."

Section 40-5. Examinations and investigations. "The Commissioner, ... shall visit and inspect . . . the factories, mercantile establishments, mills,

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