A STUDY OF POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY BY E. S. P. HAYNES LATE SCHOLAR OF BALLIOL COLLEGE, OXFORD LONDON DUCKWORTH & CO. 3 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN, W.C. 1904 H.279.04 'In this respect, Religion, according to common practice in many sects, may be compared to that sort of courtship of which the fair sex are known often to complain. In the beginning of an Amour when these innocent Charmers are first accosted, they hear of nothing but tender Vows, Submission, Service, Love. But soon afterwards, when won by this appearance of Gentleness and Humility, they have resigned themselves and are no longer their own, they hear a different Note, and are taught to understand Submission and Service in a sense they little expected. Charity and Brotherly Love are very engaging sounds; but who would dream that out of abundant Charity and Brotherly Love should come Steel, Fire, Gibbets, Rods, and such a sound and hearty application of these Remedys as should at once advance the worldly greatness of religious Pastors and the particular interest of private Souls, for which they are so charitably concerned.". 'Shaftesbury's Characteristics," vol. iii. p. 115. PREFACE I FEAR that some apology is due to the reader for the publication of the following essay in its present form. The subject has always fascinated me, and I began writing on it when an Oxford undergraduate in 1899. My essay is an attempt to illustrate historically certain aspects of religious persecution and toleration which have not, I think, been sufficiently realised either by statesmen or historians. The clear perception of these aspects would probably make the adjustment of the relations between Church and State in our own day easier and more satisfactory. For example, it would be well for all to appreciate that a Church is not necessarily liberal because it is dissociated from the State, and, vice versa, that a new country is not necessarily tolerant because it is new, and other truths which must vitally affect the legislator's point of view. The late Professor Ritchie, who with most rare generosity read and revised the manuscript, advised publication on these grounds, although he wished me to extend the latter part of the work as from the sixteenth century to a general survey of European history, instead of limiting it to the British Empire and United States. This might |