the aid afforded by his majesty to the king of Sweden. That monarch derives a peculiar claim to his majesty's support in the present exigency of his affairs, from having concurred with his majesty in the propriety of rejecting any proposal for negotiation, to which the government of Spain was not to be admitted as a party.

Gentlemen of the house of com

mons,

Ilis

We are commanded by his majesty to inform you, that he has directed the estimates of the current year to be laid before you. majesty relies upon your zeal and affection to make such farther provision of supply as the vigorous prosecution of the war may render necessary; and he trusts that you may be enabled to find the means of providing such supply, without any great or immediate increase of the existing burthens upon his people.His majesty feels assured, that it will be highly satisfactory to you to learn, that notwithstanding the measures resorted to by the enemy for the purpose of destroying the commerce and resources of his kingdom, the public revenue has continued in a course of progressive improve

ment.

My lords and gentlemen,

We are directed to inform you, that the measure adopted by parliament in the last session, for establishing a local militia, has been already attended with the happiest success, and promises to be extensively and permanently beneficial to the country. We have received his majesty's commands most especially to recommend to you, that duly weighing the immense interests which are at stake, in the war now carrying on, you should proceed,

with as little delay as possible, to consider of the most effectual measures for the augmentation of the regular army, in order that his majesty may be the better enabled, without impairing the means of defence at home, to avail himself of the military power of his dominions in the great contest in which he is engaged; and to conduct that contest, under the blessing of Divine Providence, to a conclusion compatible with the honour of his majesty's crown, and with the interests of his allies, of Europe, and of the world.

CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE RUSSIAN AND FRENCH GOVERNMENTS.-Presented to Parliament, January 20, 1809.

No. I. is a letter from Count Romanzoff to Mr. Canning, in which he says, that he sends a letter written by the emperors of Russia and France to the king of England and states, that the emperors are willing to adopt all those bases of negotiation formerly proposed by England, namely, the Uti Possidetis.

No. II. "Letter from his majesty the emperor of all the Russias, and Buonaparte," dated Erfurth, Oct. 12, sets out with pretending to have an ardent wish for peace, and concludes thus: "We unite in intreating your majesty to listen to the voice of humanity, silencing that of the passions; to seek with the intention of arriving at that object, to conciliate all interests, and by that means to preserve all the powers which exist, and to insure the happiness of Europe and of this generation, at the head of which Providence has placed us.

(Signed)

"ALEXANDER, "NAPOLEON."

In No. VII. Mr. Canning writes

to

to the Russian ambassador at Paris, dated Oct. 8, in answer to these letters. Here he says, that his majesty cannot reply directly to the emperor of Russia, without, at the same time, acknowledging titles which his majesty never acknowledged. He signifies his majesty's intention of communicating the proposal to the king of Sweden, and the existing government of Spain; and his majesty's desire that France may acknowledge the government of Spain as party to any negotiation.

The following note (No. XV.) we insert at full length, on account of its singularity and importance.

"The undersigned has laid before the emperor his master, the note of his excellency Mr. Canning. If it were true that the evils of war were felt only on the Continent, certainly there would be little hope of attaining peace. The two emperors had flattered themselves that the object of their measure would not have been misinterpreted in London. Could the English ministry have ascribed it to weakness or necessity, when every impartial statesman must recognize, in the spirit of peace and moderation by which it is dictated, the characteristics of power and true greatness? France and Russia can carry on the war so long as the court of London shall not recur to just and equitable dispositions! and they are resolved to do so. How is it possible for the French government to entertain the proposal which has been made to it, of admitting to the negotiation the Spanish insurgents ?--What would the English government have said, had it been proposed to them to admit the Catholic insurgents of Ireland? France, without having any treaties with them, has been in communication with them, has made them promises, and has frequently sent them

succours. Could such a proposal have found place in a note, the object of which ought to have been, not, to irritate, but to endeavour to effect a mutual conciliation and good understanding? England will find herself under a strange mistake, if, contrary to the experience of the past, she still entertains the idea of contending successfully upon the continent against the armies of France. What hope can she now have, especially as France is irrevocably united with Russia? The undersigned is commanded to repeat the proposal, to admit to the negotiation all the allies of the king of England; whether it be the king who reigns in the Brazils; whether it be the king who reigns in Sweden; or whether it be the king who reigns in Sicily; and to take for the basis of the negotiation the uti possidetis.

He is commanded to express the hope that, not losing sight of the inevitable results of the force of states, it will be remembered, that between great powers there is no solid peace, but that which is at the same time equal and honourable for all parties. undersigned requests his excellency Mr. Canning to accept the assurances of his highest consideration.

The

(Signed) "CHAMPAGNY." On the ninth of December Mr. Canning writes to Count Romanzoff, that his majesty would not consent to commence a negotiation for general peace, by the previous abandonment of the cause of the Spanish nation, and of the legitimate monarchy of Spain.

A note from Mr. Canning to M. Champagny, dated ninth December, says, that his majesty is determined not to abandon the cause of the Spanish nation, and of the legitimate monarchy of Spain; and the pretension of France to exclude from

the

the negotiation the central and supreme government, acting in the name of his Catholic majesty, Ferdinand VII., is one which his majesty could not admit, without acquiescing in an usurpation which has no parallel in the history of the world.-Champagny, in his answer to the above note, merely says, he will transmit it to the emperor his

master.

A letter from Count Romanzoff to Mr. Canning says, the emperors have no objection to admit to the negociation the sovereigns in alliance with England; but cannot admit the plenipotentiaries of the Spanish insurgents; that the emperor of Russia has acknowledged king Joseph Napoleon, and will not separate his interests from those of the French emperor. The emperor then offers to negociate on the basis of the uti possidetis.

The following elegant tribute to the memory of Sir John Moore has been paid by the commander-inchief:

GENERAL ORDERS.

a

"The benefits derived to an army from the example of a distinguished commander do not terminate at his death; his virtues live in the recollection of his associates, and his fame remains the strongest incentive to great and glorious actions. In this view, the commander-in-chief, midst the deep and universal regret which the death of Lieutenant-general Sir John Moore has occasioned, recalls to the troops the military career of that illustrious officer for their instruction and imitation. Sir John Moore, from his youth, embraced the profession with the feelings and sentiments of a soldier; he felt that a perfect knowledge, and

an exact performance of the humble but important duties of a subaltern officer are the best foundations for subsequent military fame; and his ardent mind, while it looked forward to those brilliant achievements for which it was formed, applied itself with energy and exemplary assiduity to the duties of that station. In the school of regimental duty, he obtained that correct knowledge of his profession so essential to the proper direction of the gallant spirit of the soldier; and he was enabled to establish a characteristic order and regularity of conduct, because the troops found in their leader a striking example of the discipline which he enforced on others. Having risen to command, he signalized his name in the West Indies, in Holland, and in Egypt. The unremitting attention with which he devoted himself to the duties of every branch of his profession obtained him the confidence of Sir Ralph Abercrombie; and he became the companion in arms of that illustrious officer, who fell at the head of his victorious troops, in an action which maintained our national superiority over the arms of France. Thus Sir John Moore at an early period obtained, with general approbation, that conspicuous station in which he gloriously terminated his useful and honourable life. In a military cha racter, obtained amidst the dangers of climate, the privations incident to service, and the sufferings of repeated wounds, it is difficult to select any one point as a preferable subject for praise: it exhibits, however, one feature so particularly characteristic of the man, and so important to the best interests of the service, that the commander-in-chief is pleased to mark it with his peculiar approbation. The life of Sir John Moore was spent among the

troops.

troops. During the season of repose his time was devoted to the care and instruction of the officer and soldier; in war he courted service in every quarter of the globe. Regardless of personal considerations, he esteemed that to which his country called him, the post of honour, and by his undaunted spirit, and unconquerable perseverance, he pointed the way to victory. His country, the object of his latest solicitude, will rear a monument to his lamented memory and the commander-inchief feels he is paying the best tribute to his fame by thus holding him forth as an example to the army.

By order of his Royal Highness the commander-in-chief, HARRY CALVERT, Adj.-Gen. Horse Guards, Feb. 1, 1809.

SPANISH REVOLUTION. Decree of the Supreme Junta, dated Feb. 7, 1809.

His majesty, considering that the French, in the unjust and barbarous war which they wage against Spain, pay no regard to any principle of the laws of nations-that they shamelessly violate the most solemn treaties, as has been verified with respect to the capitulation of Madrid, since, contrary to the stipulations therein made, they imprison, persecute, and banish peaceable citizens and respectable magistrates, imposing, at the same time, the most disgraceful punishments on other unfortunate persons on the slightest suspicions and most frivolous pretexts-Seeing that they continue every where to defile the sanctity of temples, the purity of domestic honour, and to trample on the rights of humanity that acts of the most

atrocious kind, and which make human nature shudder, are daily heard of, such as the death of a nun, who threw herself into a well, to avoid the brutality of a Frenchman;. the cruel murder of a mother, whose breasts were cut off in the act of giving suck to her son, by those monsters, who afterwards. sabred her infant; and a number of other cases equally horrible; atrocities painful to write, dreadful to read, and degrading to endure;finally, his majesty being convinced, that, still to observe the laws of natural equity with those who respect no law whatever, would not be moderation and justice, but the most culpable indifference and the basest meanness, has resolved to repress and punish those crimes. Calling therefore all Europe to witness the awful necessity which has compelled him to resort to the means of retaliation, by returning on a sanguinary banditti violence for violence, he hereby decrees:

1. That no quarter shall be given to any French soldier, officer, or general, who may be made prisoner in any town or district, in which acts contrary to the laws of war have been committed by the enemy, but that such persons shall be immediately put to the sword, as an example to their companions and a satisfaction to outraged huma nity.

2. That the present decree shall be printed, proclaimed, and distributed in the Spanish armies, in order to its due execution. You are also required to make arrangements for the fulfilment of the same.

The Marquis of ASTORGA, Vice-President. MARTIN DE GARAY. Done in the Royal Al-cazan of Seville, Feb. 7, 1809.

TURKEY.

TURKEY.

Treaty between Great Britain and

the Sublime Porte.

1. From the moment of the signature of the present treaty, all acts of hostility shall cease, between England and Turkey, and the prisoners on both sides, in consequence of this happy peace, shall be at liberty in thirty-one days after the signature of this treaty, or sooner, if possible.

2. If there should be any places belonging to the Sublime Porte, in possession of Great Britain, they are to be restored, and given up to the Sublime Porte, with all their cannon, ammunition, and other effects, in the same condition in which they were found when occupied by the English; and this restitution must take place within thirty-one days after the signature of the present treaty.

3. If there shall be effects or property appertaining to English merchants, or sequestrated under the jurisdiction of the Sublime Porte, that shall be all returned and restored to the proprietors-and in like manner, if there shall be effects, property, or vessels, appertaining to the merchants and subjects of the Sublime Porte, under sequestration at Malta, or in the other isles and states of his Britannic majesty, they shall, in like manner, be entirely returned and restored to the proprietors.

4. The articles of the treaty stipulated in the Turkish year 1086, in the moon Djemaz ul Akber, as also the article relative to the commerce of the Black Sea, and the other privileges (midjiazals) equally established by the acts of subsequent periods, shall be observed and maintained as heretofore, and as if they had not suffered any interruption.

5. In consequence of the good treatment and favour granted by the Sublime Porte to the English merchants with respect to their merchandize and property, and every thing of which they may stand in need-and, in like manner, with regard to all objects tending to facilitate the commerce, England shall reciprocally grant entire favour, and an amicable treatment to, the flags, subjects, and merchants of the Sublime Porte, who shall hereafter frequent the states of his Britannic majesty.

6. The tariff of the customs, which was latterly fixed at Constantinople, at the old rate of three per cent. and especially the article which respects internal commerce, shall be constantly observed as they have been regulated. To this England promises to conform.

7. The ambassador of his majesty the king of Great Britain shall fully enjoy the honours enjoyed by other nations at the Sublime Porte; and reciprocally the ambassadors of the Sublime Porte to the court of London shall fully enjoy all the honours which shall be granted to the ambassadors of Great Britain.

8. It shall be permitted to name Schabinders (Consuls) at Malta, and in the states of his Britannic majesty, wherever it may be necessary to inspect the affairs and interests of the Turkish merchants; and the same treatment and privileges which are allowed to English consuls residing in the Ottoman states, shall be rigidly observed towards the Schabinders of the Sublime Porte.

9. The English consuls and ambassadors shall, according to custom, employ such drogmans as they may have occasion for; but as it has been before decreed, by common consent, the Sublime Porte will not grant the

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