Sidebilder
PDF
ePub

7m ABCD =

EFGH.

Ax. 1.

Wherefore parallelograms, &c.

COR. 1.-Triangles upon the equal bases and between the same parallels are equal to each other. For draw the diams. AC, EG; the As ABC, EFG, are the halves of the equal

ms

☐m3 ABCD, EFGH, and are therefore equal Ax. 7. to each other.

COR. 2.-If a parallelogram and a triangle be upon the same or equal bases, and between the same parallels, the parallelogram is double the triangle. For the ABCD is double

the ABC, or double the

is its equal, by last Cor.

EFG, which

PROP. XXXVI. THEOR. 39. 1 Eu.

Equal triangles upon the same base, and upon the same side of it, are between the same parallels.

Let the As ABC, DBC, be on the same base BC, and on the same side of it; then the As will be between the same ||s.

[blocks in formation]
[blocks in formation]

In the same manner it may be proved that no other line but AD || BC,

AD || BC.

Wherefore equal triangles upon, &c.

COR.--In the same way it may be shown, that equal triangles upon equal bases and towards the same parts, are between the same parallels

PROP. XXXVII. THEOR. 43. 1 Eu.

The complements of the parallelograms which are about the diameter of any parallelogram, are equal to each other."

Let ABCD be a
EAHK, GKFC,
through which AC
KHDF, the other

7m, AC its diam.; and 7ms about AC, that is, passes. And BEKG, 'which make up the

ms

whole figure ABCD, are called complements. Then comp. BEKG = comp. KHDF.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small]

{

ABC = A ADC;

ABCD,

Prop.33.

ΔΑΕΚ = Δ ΑΗΚ,
AKGCA KFC,

.*; ^ AEK +◇ KGC ={◇ AHK + ◇AX. 2.

but the whole

..

KFC:

ABC whole ADC;

remains comp.

the remains comp.

BEKG

·}={

KHDF.

Wherefore the complements, &c.

Ax. 3.

PROP. XXXVIII. PROB. 46. 1 Eu.

To describe a square upon a given straight line.

Let AB be the given str. line; it is required to descr. a square upon AB.

[blocks in formation]
[blocks in formation]

Also

Prop. 28.

Constr. Ax. 3. Prop. 33.

JADEB is TM,

and its opp. sides are equal;
AB= AD,

AB = = AD=DE=

EB,

and ADEB is equilat.

AD meets the ||s AB, DE,

:: <BAD+ADE

but

= 2 rt. s

[blocks in formation]

but opp.s of

ms are equal,

Ax. 1.

thes ABE, BED, are rt. Ls,

.. the figure ADEB is rectangular and equilat. Def. 30... the figure is a square, and descr. on AB.

COR.-Every that has one rt., has all its angles rt. s.

PROP. XXXIX. THEOR. 47.1 Eu.

In any right-angled triangle, the square which
is described upon the hypothenuse, or side
subtending the right angle, is equal to the
sum of the squares described upon the sides
which contain the right angle.

Let ABC be a rt. angled, having the rt.
BAC. Then BC BA2 + AC2.

=

[blocks in formation]

On BC, BA, AC, descr. the squares BE, Prop. 38.

GB, HC.*

Draw AL || BD or CE;

Prop. 30.

join AD, FC.

BAG

= 2 rt. s.

Hyp. &

Def. 30.

CA is in the same str. line with AG.

Prop. 13.

<BAC+=

For the same reason

AB is in the same str. line with AH,

and DBC = / FBA, ea. being a rt. • Def. 30.

Add to each / ABC;

[blocks in formation]

Squares and parallelograms are frequently expressed, for the sake of brevity, by the letters at their opposite angles; and the square on any line, as BC, is represented by BC2.

« ForrigeFortsett »