5. Librarians-Law silent NOTE. The law requires that all persons employed to teach in any school under the supervision of any school board of any city, town, or plantation are required to hold certificates; and that the commissioner of education shall formulate rules and regulations necessary for carrying out the provisions of the law. Special certificates for librarians in secondary schools include training in library science. (State certification of teachers. Bulletin III, Augusta, Maine, State Department of Education, August 1935, pp. 20 and 32.) 6. Relationships With State Library Agencies (a) District (Town, city, or plantation)-Law silent (b) County (No county unit for school or library purposes) (c) State The Maine State Library shall give advice to all school, State, institutional, free, and public libraries as to the best means of establishing and administering libraries, selecting and cataloging books, and other details of library management, and may send its employees to aid in organizing such libraries or assist in the improvement of those already established. The department of education supervises the State library. 7. Relationships With Public Libraries-Law silent LAWS RELATING TO PUBLIC SCHOOLS, 1935. sec. 157; REVISED STATUTES OF MAINE, 1930, ch. 4, sec. 14, and ch. 139, secs. 27 and 28; and the Laws of Maine, 1931, ch. 216, art. 5, sec. 1. 1. Procedures for Establishment Maryland (a) District —“For the further encouragement of education, district libraries ought to be established in each schoolhouse district (a).1 (b) County-Law silent (c) State-Law silent 2. Financial Support ." See 2 (a) District For the purpose of assistance in the establishment of school district libraries, the people of the district may raise 10 dollars annually. The State Board of Education (hereinafter called State Board) has ruled that the district board of trustees shall cooperate with the principal teacher in raising funds to purchase library books if the school is not already well provided with this necessary equipment, and shall file an application with the county board of education for an appropriation of 10 dollars, when the school shall have raised an equal amount. (b) County-The sum of 10 dollars per annum is ordered to be paid by board of county school commissioners out of the State school fund, to any schoolhouse district, as library money, as long as people of the district raise the same amount annually. (c) State See previous paragraph 3. Administration and Supervision (a) District See 2 (a).1 (b) County-See 2 (a).1 (c) State Law silent In Maryland, with the exception of the city of Baltimore, the county is the unit of school administration and there is no school administrative unit smaller than the county. 4. Books (a) District 1 See (1) Selection-Books purchased with funds under the provisions stated (b) County Law silent (c) State The State board has ruled that a list of books suitable for publicschool libraries shall be prepared and published by the State superintendent of public schools and shall be revised at least once every 3 years. 5. Librarians (a) District School district libraries established under the conditions given in 2 FINANCIAL SUPPORT shall be "under the care of the teacher, as librarian." (b) County Law silent (c) State Law silent NOTE. The law says that all persons employed as administrators, supervisors, or teachers in public schools must hold certificates issued by the State superintendent of schools, but any county may require as a condition of employment a higher standard for a certificate of similar kind and grade than is required by the State. The State Department of Education reports that there are no requirements for the certification of librarians. (Correspondence, Dec. 24, 1938.) 6. Relationships With State Library Agencies (a) District See (c). (b) County Law silent (c) State-On January 1, 1923, all rights, powers, duties, obligations, and functions of the former Maryland Public Library Commission were conferred upon the State superintendent of schools. One of the duties of the former Commission was to give advice and counsel to all publicschool libraries in the State as to the best means of establishing and maintaining them, selecting and cataloging books, and other details of library management. 7. Relationships With Public Libraries-Law silent MARYLAND PUBLIC SCHOOL LAWS, 1927, secs. 83, 167 and 170 and By-laws 41 and 42; MARYLAND SCHOOL BULLETIN, JUNE 1931, vol. XII, no. 7, Supplement Containing 1929 and 1931 Additions to and Changes in the Public-School Laws and By-laws of Maryland Included in Article 77 of the Annotated Code of Public General Laws of 1924 and the Acts of Assembly of 1927, as Published by the State Board of Education in June 1927, sec. 99; and THE PUBLIC GENERAL LAWS OF MARYLAND, vol. 1, 1924, sec. 100. In Maryland, with the exception of the city of Baltimore, the county is the unit of school administration and there is no school administrative unit smaller than the county. Massachusetts 1. Procedures for Establishment-Law silent 2. Financial Support-Law silent 3. Administration and Supervision-Law silent 4. Books (a) District (towns and municipalities)—Any person found guilty of introducing into a school or "place of education" obscene literature shall be fined or imprisoned or both. (b) County (No county unit for school and library purposes). (c) State Law silent 5. Librarians-Law silent NOTE. Certificates for teachers in State-aided high schools and for superintendents of schools in a superintendency union are the only two classes of certificates issued by the State Department of Education. In all other instances, local school committees are authorized by law to pass upon the qualifications of teachers and other school employees. The State Department of Education reports that the State of Massachusetts has not adopted regulations for the certification of librarians. (Correspondence, March 17, 1939.) 6. Relationships With State Library Agencies (a) District (towns and municipalities)—Law silent (b) County (No county unit for school or library purposes) (c) State The commissioner of education is authorized to organize in the Department of Education a division of public libraries. 7. Relationships With Public Libraries-Law silent GENERAL LAWS OF MASSACHUSETTS RELATING TO 1. Procedures for Establishment (a) District Michigan (1) Township-Boards of education of township school district authorized "to establish and maintain a district library and provide for its care and management." (2) County-Boards of education of county school districts authorized to approve purchase of library books. See 2 (a) (2). (3) Second class-Boards of education authorized to receive funds "devoted by law to the maintenance of district or school libraries." See 2 (a) (3). (4) Third class-Board of education of district of the third class authorized to "establish and maintain or continue a library or museum, which institutions may be separately operated if desired, for the public schools of the district, if it shall deem advisable to do so, and to provide for its or their care and management." (b) County-See (a) (2). (c) State-Law silent 2. Financial Support (a) District (1) Township-Boards of education of township school districts empowered "to vote such taxes as may be necessary for the regular running expenses of the school, which shall include . . . library . . ." (2) County-Boards of education of county school districts authorized to approve the purchase of library books for all school libraries and of all apparatus in school districts not employing a superintendent of schools. (3) Second class-Boards of education of school districts of the second class "shall receive the funds devoted by law to the maintenance of the district or school libraries and shall devote the same to that purpose, and may delegate the expenditure of such library funds to such executive body as may be constituted by law for the management of the public or school libraries within the city." (4) Third class-Boards of education may purchase books and apparatus for libraries and museums which they may establish. See 1 (a) (4). (b) County See (a) (2) and following paragraph. (c) State "The proceeds of all fines for any breach of the penal laws of this State when collected in any county and paid into the county treasury, together with all moneys heretofore collected and paid into said treasury on account of such fines and not already apportioned, shall be apportioned by the county treasurer in accordance with the directions of the superintendent of public instruction . . . among the several townships, districts, or cities entitled to the same in the county, which money when received by the proper authorities shall be exclusively applied to the support of libraries and to no other purposes." Provided, that in those counties wherein the total unexpended balance of library funds reported for the year ending July 1, 1936, by school districts to the State Department of Education equals or exceeds the sum of $20,000, the county treasurer shall hereafter transfer all moneys together with all moneys heretofore collected and not already apportioned, to the county library board-a board authorized by law to administer public library service for county libraries. Where an area within a county is adequately served by a public library and where this area will not be served by the county library, the county library board shall allocate to the board of trustees of said existing public library the per capita portion, based on the school census, of all receipts from penal fines. 3. Administration and Supervision (a) District (1) Township See 1 (a) (1) (applies also to any district in which a library or museum has been established). (2) Second class-See 2 (a) (3). (3) Third class—Board of education of a school district of the third class in which a library or museum has been established may appoint a board of library or museum commissioners, which board shall have control and direction of such library or museum subject to the approval of the board of education. See 1 (a) (4) and 2 (a) (4). (b) County-It shall be the duty of the county school commissioner "To visit each of the schools of the county at least once each year and to examine carefully the discipline, mode of instruction . . the library and to make a careful record of these items and report district the same to the director of each school " (c) State The State superintendent of public instruction (hereinafter called State superintendent) may prepare and have printed general rules and regulations for the management of township and district libraries. See 2 (c). 4. Books (a) District (1) Selection-A misdemeanor to introduce obscene literature into a "school or place of education." Books shall be selected from list prepared by superintendent of public instruction and State librarian. See (c); also 2 (a) (2). (2) Care-It shall be the duty of directors of primary school districts to "provide the necessary appendages for the schoolhouse and keep the same in good condition and repair during the time school shall be taught therein." The law names "a case for library books" as a necessary appendage. County boards of education shall approve the purchase of library books for school libraries in county school districts. (b) County-See preceding paragraph (c) State (1) Selection—The State superintendent with "the cooperation of the 5. Librarians (1) Selection-Whenever any library or museum has been established (b) County-Law silent (c) State-Law silent NOTE. The State Board of Education is required "to prescribe the requirements for and issue such licenses and certificates for teaching to graduates of teacher-training departments of all educational institutions of the State as said State Board of Education shall determine." |