PRINTED FOR LONGMAN, REES, ORME BROWN & GREEN: PATERNOSTER RO

AND JOHN TAYLOR UPPER GOWER STREET.

1830.

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U of M Bindery TF 3057

077

CONTENTS.

BOOK I.

GEOGRAPHY OF THE ANCIENTS.

CHAP. I.

Introduction. — Wandering Propensity of primitive Man. - Slow Growth

of Geography. - The Hebrews. - The Mosaic Genesis. - Simple Cosmo-

The Phoenicians. - Antiquity of their Navigations.

logy..

Obscurity.

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CHAP. II.

THE GREEKS. HOMERIC AGE.

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Their

Page 1

The first Navigators Pirates. Slave Trade in Antiquity. - Homer's

Knowledge of Greece. - Of the Scythians. - Of Egypt and the Ethi-

opians. -The Ships of the Homeric Age. - The Mythic Regions of the

West.-Voyage of Ulysses. -The Cyclops. Isles of Circe and of

Eolus. - Ends of the Ocean and Land of Darkness. The wandering

Isles. Scylla, Charybdis, and the Sirens. Siculi and Sicani. — Tri-

nacria. Homer actually ignorant of the West. Hesiod. — -King

Latinus.The Eridanus. Argonautic Expedition. Its Authenticity.

-The Euxine known early to the Pelasgians. -The Golden Fleece. -

Return of Jason variously related. The Orphic Account. Iernis

mentioned. — The Cimmerians of the West. Explanation of the My-

thology. Elysium and Happy Islands of the West.- Summary.

Systems of early Greek Philosophers. — Herodotus. - His literary Ardour

and Success. His Travels.- Describes the Scythians. -- Received In-

telligence respecting the Arimasps and Griffons. In vain sought the

Hyperboreans. -Effect of Climate on the Growth of Horns.- Extent of

the Knowledge he acquired from the Scythians. The Cimmerians of the

Bosphorus. -Their Origin conjectured. -

-The Caspian Sea. - Herodotus

acquainted with the Bactrians, and with India. — Eastern Æthiopians.

The great Ants of India which guard the Gold. - Egypt.-The Auto-

/moles or Exiles. Route up the Nile, and to Bornou. — Journey of the

Nasamones to the Niger. Alleged Circumnavigation of Africa under

King Nechos. Voyage of Sataspes. - Herodotus ignorant of the West.

-The River Eridanus and the Riphæan Mountains. - Commercial En-

terprise of the Greeks.

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- Summary.

CHAP. IV.

Page 26

THE GREEKS CONTINUED.

Scarcity of Books in Antiquity. - Herodotus ignorant of the Carthaginian

Discoveries. Voyage of Hanno to the Negro Country.-Sees Croco-

diles and Hippopotami.-Nocturnal Fires.-Gorillæ, or Ourang Outangs.

-Himilco explores the Northern Seas. Finds the Tin Country.

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Albion and Ierne. - Scylax of Caryanda the first Greek who mentions

Rome. Pytheas of Marseilles. Visits Britain. - Discovers Thule. -

Describes the Amber Coast in the Baltic. Was an acute Observer. -

Xenophon describes the Retreat of the Ten Thousand. - The Curds. -

The Armenian Mountaineers. - - Ctesias. Resides in Persia. - Mixes

Oriental Fables with his Relations. Men with the Heads and Tails of

Dogs.-The magic Pool of Silas.- Speaks of the Kermes Insect.— Greek

Philosophers. Aristotle. — Mentions the Hercynian Mountains or the

Hartz. The Britannic Islands and Taprobane.-Thought that India

might be reached by the West.

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45

CHAP. V.

GREEKS CONTINUED.

1

Expedition of Alexander. — Policy of that Conqueror.

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Remarks

Resolves to explore the Persian Gulf. - The March down the Indus. -

Næarchus embarks. Suffers great Hardships. Imagines himself at

the Equator. The Greeks dismayed at the Appearance of a Whale. -

Famished in the midst of Turtle. Successful Termination of the

Voyage. Preparations made to explore the Coasts of Arabia. - Arrested

by the Death of Alexander. - Grand Views of that Prince.

of the Macedonians in India. — Division of the People into Castes. -

Honey made without Bees. - Elephants. Use of Umbrellas. - The

Banyan Trees.The Faquirs. - Self-devotion to the Flames.- City of

Palibothra. - Its Situation.—Indian Fables. - Respect paid to Mon-

keys. The Greeks distorted foreign Names. - Voyage of Jambolo to

Ceylon. . — His Remarks on the People. - Taprobane or Ceylon variously

described. Accounts of the Ancients reconciled. The Names of that

Island. Commerce between Egypt and the East. - Geography flou-

rished in the commercial City of Alexandria. - Eratosthenes mentions

Thinæ. Agatharchides. — Describes Abyssinia. - Wealth of the Sa-

beans. Eudoxus of Cyzicus. Sails to India. - Driven to the Coast of

Africa. - Finds the supposed Wreck of a Ship from Gades. - Banished

from Egypt. Resolves to reach India by the Ocean. - Sails from Cades.

His Misfortunes.

His Fate and Cha-

57

The Roman Conquests.-Strabo. His Knowledge of the West.-The

Turdetani in Spain. - Anthropophagi in Ireland.

- The Sarmatians.