for the defense of the city of Washington. That said claim aggregates the sum of $31,230.10, as follows, to wit: Dwelling, overseer's house, barn, carriage and tool houses, stable, corn house, poultry house, and meat house Farming utensils, implements, and furniture. 50 tons of hay in barn, at $40 749 apple trees, at $16 810 peach trees, at $4.. 262 pear, plum, and cherry trees, at $2 Shade and ornamental trees... Value of market garden 7 acres of growing corn 7 acres of oats. 1,000 feet of paling fence, at 25 cents. 1 bath tub and fixtures 100 yards of straw matting 2 barrels pork, at $40. 1 barrel mess beef. Total.... $9,700.00 1, 242. 10 2,000.00 11, 984.00 3,240.00 524.00 1,500.00 500.00 70.00 10.00 250.00 25.00 25.00 80.00 20.00 31, 230. 10 The court upon the evidence, and after considering the briefs and arguments of counsel on both sides, makes the following FINDINGS OF FACTS: I. James R. D. Morrison, the petitioner, was, during the civil war, a resident of the District of Columbia, and loyal to the Government of the United States. II. In July, 1864, the petitioner was the owner of a farm of 57 acres near Brightwood, in the District of Columbia; that on the 11th day of July, 1864, the Confederate forces seriously threatened the city of Washington and were near said farm in a large force; that they were resisted by the forces of the United States, and that in such resistance it became a matter of imminent military necessity to destroy the buildings, orchards, and ornamental trees on said farm, and that in pursuance of such necessity the commanding officer of the United States forces ordered that the buildings be burned and that the orchards and other trees be cut down; that in pursuance to such order, founded upon said necessity and in the prosecution of belligerent operations against the Confederate forces then threatening the city of Washington, the buildings, consisting of dwelling house, barn, and other outbuildings, were burned, and the orchard on said place, together with the shade and ornamental trees, were cut down in order that the forces of the Confederacy might then and there be successfully resisted; that before and at the time of such destruction the Federal forces and the Confederate forces were engaged on the skirmish line of the respective armies. III. The damages to said petitioner because of such destruction, including what personal property was burned, was the sum of twenty-four thousand two hundred and seventy-five dollars ($24,275). Filed January 28, 1901. A true copy. Test: This 29th day of January, A. D. 1901. [SEAL.] BY THE COURT. JOHN RANDOLPH, Assistant Clerk, Court of Claims. IN RESPONSE TO RESOLUTION OF THE SENATE OF JANUARY 19, 1901, COPIES OF THE REPORTS OF GENERAL MAC ARTHUR, AND THE ACCOMPANYING REPORTS OF MILITARY OFFICERS PERFORMING EDUCATIONAL WORK, ON THE SUBJECT OF EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. JANUARY 28, 1901.-Referred to the Committee on the Philippines and ordered to be printed. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, January 26, 1901. SIR: In response to the resolution of the Senate, dated January 19, 1901, directing That the Secretary of War be directed to furnish the Senate with copies of the report of General MacArthur, and the accompanying reports of military officers performing educational work, on the subject of education in the Philippine IslandsI have the honor to invite attention to the information contained herein and to the accompanying papers referring to the subject. The report of Maj. Gen. Arthur MacArthur on this subject is contained in part 10 of volume 1 of House Document No. 2 of the present session of Congress, and attention is respectfully invited to pages 36-39, 343–384, 407, 424, and 455-458 of the pamphlet, copy herewith inclosed. The several reports of Maj. Gen. E. S. Otis relative to education and schools in the Philippine Islands may be found on page 152 of part 4, volume 1, House Document No. 2, Fifty-sixth Congress, first session, and part 4, volume 1, House Document No. 2, of the present session. Attention is also invited to pages 295-304 of the pamphlet edition of the latter report, herewith inclosed. The report of the first Philippine commission on this subject appears on pages 17-42 of part 1 of Senate Document No. 138, Fifty-sixth Congress, first session, and the testimony taken by said commission regarding the same appears in part 2 of said document, on pages 46, 143, 242-245, 249, 256-266, 278-290, 336, 412, 417, and 456. The report of the present Philippine Commission, transmitted by cable of August 21, 1900, a copy of which is herewith inclosed, contains a reference to the matter on page 4 thereof. Their report of November 30, 1900, appears in full in the supplement to my annual report, transmitted by the President to Congress on the 25th instant, and contains much information regarding the educational needs of the Philippine Islands. Very respectfully, ELIHU ROOT, Secretary of War. The PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE UNITED STATES SENATE. EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF MAJ. GEN. E. S. OTIS, J. S. ARMY. [Pages 295-304, pamphlet edition.] On the subject of schools and educational institutions I remarked in my last annual report, in part, as follows: * * In Manila and a few other cities where our troops are stationed to give inhabitants protection, schools have been established. Parents and children are eager for primary-school instruction and are very desirous to acquire a speaking knowledge of the English language. In the city of Manila more than 5,000 children are attending these schools, which are maintained at a cost of nearly 10,000 Mexican dollars a month. The higher education which the islands have hitherto enjoyed, as well as that of a minor character, has been entirely under the control of the religious orders and has centered in Manila. The Dominican order, rich in landed estates acquired through a series of years, inaugurating its educational policy under royal assistance, money contribution, and decrees when the educational field was entirely in the possession of the clergy, and seizing on by degrees to the educational institutions and scientific schools organized by the Jesuits under royal protection and conducted with funds from individual testators after that order had been driven from the islands, built up the University of Manila and gradually incorporated in it these Jesuit foundations. Great effort was made to sever them from Dominican authority by recent Spanish statesmen of advanced ideas, but without success, and now the leading Filipinos demand that severance and a return to state supervision. The Manila schools have constantly increased in number of attendants, which now approximates 6,000, and in a corresponding additional expenditure of the public moneys for their maintenance. The system of teaching, the school supplies, and accommodations have gradually improved, and the coming school year bids fair to accomplish gratifying results. As soon as new territory was acquired its inhabitants expressed the same desire for primary-school teaching as had been manifested in Manila, and they were accommodated in so far as our meager resources would permit, soldiers in some instances being temporarily detailed as instructors. The inhabitants were informed that they would be expected to furnish the necessary school building, and that books, writing paper, and kindred material in moderate quantities would be supplied by the Government authorities. On March 30, 1900, Capt. Albert Todd, of the Sixth Artillery, who had been acting as auditor of the islands, was relieved from that office by Mr. Walter G. Coleman, the appointee of the War Department, and was detailed to take temporary charge of public school instruction. In a report submitted May 2 he summarizes school work accomplished and in contemplation, from which we give extracts: UNITED STATES MILITARY GOVERNMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES, The SECRETARY TO THE MILITARY GOVERNOR IN THE PHILIPPINES. Previous to that time such distribution of books as has been made was done under the direction of Mr. G. P. Anderson, superintendent of the schools in Manila. There had come into his possession a quantity of books, paper, chalk, etc., taken over from 3 the Spanish Government, and also certain amounts purchased in the United States and Manila, and a number of flags donated by Lafayette Post, Grand Army of the Republic, No. 140, Department of New York. From these he has made issue to the schools in Manila and to certain ones in the provinces. The inclosed paper marked "A" shows amounts received from various sources, amounts issued, and balance on hand May 1, 1900. The same paper shows books and other supplies ordered from the United States but not yet received. The books referred to in the inclosed letter from the secretary of insular affairs in Washington are a part of these orders. Purchased in Manila Purchased in United States, received Ordered from United States. not received (estimated) or $84,397.26 in Mexican. $730.82 2,243. 40 38, 806.60 41, 780.82 In addition a request is this day submitted for approval of another order for supplies aggregating about $1,650 Mexican. It is hoped that these various supplies will serve for the needs of the schools in the islands for about three months; and as to books, for a considerably longer period on the present basis of instruction. * * * As intimated in the last paragraph, at first I think only reading, writing, and speaking English should be attempted, except in Manila and possibly in some few other places. I regard a ready acquaintance with the English tongue, to read, to write, to speak it, as of the first importance, and enough to demand for the present the entire efforts of our educational forces. Geography, history, arithmetic, not to mention what are called the higher branches, are the same in all languages, and it is not deemed expedient or necessary that special text-books for them should be prepared, either in Spanish or the various native dialects, or purchased in any large quantity. But suitable and adequate elementary dictionaries, primers, charts, and readers should be prepared as soon as possible. While in some cases it may be necessary to work through the medium of Spanish, in general it is believed English should be taught directly from the dialects, and the books should be written to that end. *** Action has already been taken by this office toward obtaining copies of all school laws, reports, etc., from the various States of the Union, and also samples of textbooks and various school appliances. It is realized, of course, that as yet our Government is but at the threshold of public education in the Philippines, and I regard it best to accumulate expert opinions in order that well-digested and feasible plans may be devised. The supplies already ordered will begin the work, but the future will demand large outlays of money and the labor of experienced and competent educators. Very respectfully, ALBERT TODD, Captain, Sixth Artillery, in Charge Department. Regarding the character of the text-books in so far as special language is concerned, the wish of the people is contained in the reply of a representative Filipino, to whom I made the remark that it was doubtful if sufficient text-books in both Spanish and English could be secured: "Give the children the English books and they will learn English quicker." That course I am informed is pursued in Hongkong and has been very successful. These simple methods of instruction, very hastily put in operation to answer the pressing importunities of native parents, have now been established in many of the islands. The system is crude, of course, but will give comparative satisfaction and compensating results until a better one can be inaugurated. The demand of representative Filipinos that certain advanced educational institutions be taken from the control of the religious orders and returned to State supervision has been acted upon only in a single instance, and that action merely extended to the temporary closing of the medical college of San Jose, an institution founded by the Jesuits, operated by the Spanish Government after the expulsion of that order from the islands, and during late years attached to the University of Manila, which is claimed by the Dominicans as its sole property, with vested right of management. Pending deliberation on the subject of a reorganization in the management of the college, the authorities of |