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DININGROOM. n. s. [dine and room.] The principal apartment of the house; the room where entertainments are made.

DIO

His well-arm'd front against his rival aims, And by the dint of war his mistress claims. Gay. To DINT. v. a. [from the noun.] To mark with a cavity by a blow, or violent impression.

He went out from the dining-room before he
had fallen into errour by the intemperance of
his meat, or the deluge of drink.
DINNER. n. s. [diner, French.] The
Taylor.
chief meal; the meal eaten about the
middle of the day.

Let me not stay a jot for dinner:
Go, get it ready.

Before dinner and supper, as often as it is con
Shakspeare's King Lear.
venient, or can be had, let the public prayers of
the church, or some parts of them, be said pub-
licly in the family.

Taylor.

With greedy force each other both assail,
And strike so fiercely, that they do impress
Deep-dinted furrows in the batter'd mail:
The iron walls to ward their blows were weak
and frail.
Leave, leave, fair bride, your solitary bone,
Fairy Queens
No more shall you return to it alone;
It nurseth sadness; and our body's print,
Like to a grave, the yielding dowir doth dint.

Donnes
Deep-dinted wrinkles on her cheeks she draws;
Sunk are her eyes, and toothless are her jaws.
DINUMERATION. n. s. [dinumeratio,
Dryden's neid.
Lat.] The act of numbering out sin ly.
DIOCESAN. n. s. [from diocess.] A bi-
shop, as he stands related to his own
clergy or flock.

The jolly crew, unmindful of the past,
The quarry share, their plenteous dinner haste.
DINNER-TIME. n. s. [dinner and time.]
Dryden's Eneid.
The time of dining.

I pray you, have in mind where we must meet.
At dinner-time,
Shakspeare.

Then from the mint walks forth the man of

Happy

rhyme,

y to catch me just at dinner-time.

DINT. n. s. [byne, Saxon.]

1. A blow; a ftroke.

Pope.

Much daunted with that dint her sense was

daz'd;

Yet, kindling rage, herself she gather'd round.

Spenser.

As a diocesan you are like to outdo yourself in all other capacities, and exemplify every word South.

of this discourse.

I have heard it has been advised by a diocesan to his inferior clergy, that they should read some of the most celebrated sermons printed by others. Tatler.

DIOCESS. n. s. [diocesis; a Greek word, compounded of dia and noc.] The circuit of every bishop's jurisdiction; for this realm has two divisions, one into shires or counties, in respect of temporal policy; another into dioceses, in respect of jurisdiction ecclesiastical. Cowell.

To be invulnerable in these bright arms,
Neither vainly hope
Though temper'd heav'nly; for that mortal dint,
Save he who reigns above, none can resist.

Milton.

2. The mark made by a blow; the cavity remaining after a violent preffure. He embrac'd her naked body o'er; And, straining hard the statue, was afraid His hands had made a dint, and hurt the maid. Dryden.

3. Violence; force; power.

Now you weep; and, I perceive, you feel

The dint of pity.

Shakspeare's Julius Cæsar.

None ought to be admitted by any bishop, but such as have dwelt and remained in his diocess a convenient time. Whitgift.

He should regard the bishop of Rome as the islanders of Jersey and Guernsey do him of Constance in Normandy, that is, nothing at all; since by that French bishop's refusal to swear unto our king, those isles were annexed to the diocess of Winchester. St. Paul looks upon Titus as advanced to the Raleigh's Essays. dignity of a prince, ruler of the church, and intrusted with a large diocess, containing many particular cities, under the immediate government of their respective elders, and those deriving authority from his ordination. South DIOPTRICAL.2 n. s. [dióloμas.] AfDIOPTRIC. 3 fording a mediumfor the sight; assisting the sight in the view of distant objects.

Being excellently well furnished with dioptrical glasses, he had not been able to see the sun spotted.

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A part of opticks,

treating of the different refractions of the light passing through different mediums; as the air, water, glasses, &c.

Harris.

are to wrest the whole Spanish monarchy DIORTHO'SIS. n. s. [dropwors, of ♪ setów,

out of the hands of the enemy; and, in order to t, to work our way into the heart of his country by dint of arms.

Addison.

The dewlapt bull now chafes along the plain, While burning love ferments in ev'ry vein;

VOL. II.

to make straight.] A chirurgical pe ration, by which crooked or disto tei members are restored to their primitive and regular shape. Harris. C

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To DIP. v. a. pret. dipped; part. dipped, or dipt. [ippan, Sax.; doopen, Dut.]. 1. To immerge, to put into any liquor.

The person to be baptized may be dipped in water; and such an immersión or dipping ought. to be made thrice, according to the canon.

Ayliffe's Parergon.
Old Corineus compass'd thrice the crew,
And dipp'd an olive-branch in holy dew,
Which thrice he sprinkled round, and thrice
aloud

Invok'd the dead, and then dismiss'd the crowd.
Dryden's Æneid.
He turn'd a tyrant in his latter days,
And, from the bright meridian where he stood,
Descending, dipp'd his hands in lover's blood."
Dryden.
The kindred arts shall in their praise conspire,
One dip the pencil, and one string the lyre.

Pope

Now, on fancy's easy wing convey'd, The king descended to th' Elysian shade; There in a dusky vale, where Lethe rolls, Old Bavius sits to dip poetic souls. Pope's Dunc. So fishes, rising from the main, Can soar with moisten'd wings on high; The moisture dried, they sink again, And dip their wings again to fly.

2. To moisten; to wet.

Swift.

And though not mortal, yet a cold shudd'ring dew

Dips me all o'er, as when the wrath of Jove Speaks thunder. Milton.

3. To be engaged in any affair.

When men are once dipt, what with the encouragements of sense, custom, facility, and shame of departing from what they have given themselves up to, they go on till they are stifled. L'Estrange.

In Richard's time, I doubt, he was a little dipt in the rebellion of the commons. Dryden. 4. To engage as a pledge: generally used for the first mortgage.

Be careful still of the main chance, my son; Put out the principal in trusty hands, Live on the use, and never dip thy lands. Dryden's Persius.

To DIP. v. n.

1. To sink; to immerge.

We have snakes in our cups, and in our dishes; and whoever dips too deep will find death L'Estrange.

in the pot.

2. To enter; to pierce.

The vulture dipping in Prometheus' side, His bloody beak with his torn liver dyed. Granville.

3. To enter slightly into any thing.

When I think all the repetitions are struck out in a copy, I sometines find more upon dipping in the first volume.

Pope.

4. To take that which comes first; to choose by chance.

With what ill thoughts of Jove art thou possess'd?

Wouldst thou prefer him to some man? Sup

pose

I dipp'd among the worst, and Staius chose? Dryden's Persius. DIPCHICK. . s. [from dip and chick.] The name of a bird.

Dipchick is so named of his diving and little-
Carer.

ness.

DIPE TALOUS. adj. [de and wirahar.] Having two flower leaves. DIPHTHONG, #,5, [Np9øyfe,] A coali

tion of two vowels to form one sound: as,. vain, leave, Cæsar.

We see how many disputes the simple and ambiguous nature of vowels created among grammarians, and how it has begot the mistake concerning diphthongs: all that are properly so are syllables, and not diphthongs, as is intended to be signified by that word.

Holder.

Pope.

Make a diphthong of the second eta and iota, instead of their being two syllables, and the objection is gone. DIPLOE. n. 5. mina of the skull. DIPLOMA, n. s. [diπλwa.] A letter or writing conferring some privilege; so called, because they used formerly to be written on waxed tables, and folded together.

The inner plate or la

DIPPER. . s. [from dip.] One that dips in the water.

DIPPING Needle. n. s. A device which shows a particular property of the magnetic needle, so that, besides its polarity or verticity, which is its direction of altitude, or height above the horizon, when duly poised about an horizontal a is, it will always point to a determined degree of altitude, or elevation above the horizon, in this or that place respectively. Phillips. DIPSAS. n. s. [Latin, from daw, to thirst.] A serpent, whose bite produces the sensation of unquenchable thirst.

Scorpion, and asp, and amphishena dire, Cerastes horn'd, hydrus, and ellops drear, And dipsas. Milton DIPTOTE. n. s. [dilix.] A noun consisting of two cases only. Clark. DIPTYCH. 2. S. [diptycha, Latin two leaves folded together.] A register of bishops and martyrs.

The commemoration of saints was made out of the diptychs of the church, as appears by mul titudes of places in St. Austin. DIRE. adj. [dirus, Latin.] Dreadful; Stilling fleet. dismal; mournful; horrible; terrible; evil in a great degree.

Women fight,

To doft their dire distresses. Shakspeare. More by intemperance die

In meats, and drinks, which on the earth shall bring

Diseases dire; of which a monstrous crew
Before thee shall appear.

Milton.

Milton.

Hydras, and gorgons, and chimeras dire.'

Or what the cross dire-looking planet smites, Or hurtful worm with canker'd venom bites. Milton.

Dire was the tossing, deep the groans, despair Tended the sick.. Milton. Discord! dire sister of the slaughter'd pow'r, Sinall at her birth, but rising ev'ry hour; While scarce the skies her horrid head can bound,

She stalks on earth, and shakes the world Rept.

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DIRECT. adj. [directus, Latin.] 1. Straight; not crooked. 2. Not oblique.

The ships would move in one and the same surface; and consequently must needs encounter when they either advance towards one another in direct lines, or meet in the intersection of cross lines.

Bentley.

3. [In astronomy.] Appearing to an eye on earth to move progressively through the zodiack; not retrograde. Two geomantick figures were display'd Above his head, a warrior and a maid, One when direct, and one when retrograde Dryden's Fables. 4. Not collateral: as, the grandson succeeds his grandsire in a direct line. 5. Apparently tending to some end, as in a straight line.

Such was as then the state of the king, as it was no time by direct means to seek her. And such was the state of his captivated will, as he would delay no time of seeking her. He that does this, will be able to cast off all Sidney. that is superfluous; he will see what is pertinent, what coherent; what is direct to what slides by, the question. Locke.

6. Open; not ambiguous.

There be, that are in nature faithful and sincere, and plain and direct, not crafty and involved.

7. Plain; express.

Bacon.

He no where, that I know, says it in direct

words.

Locke.

To DIRECT. v. a. [dirigo, directum,
Latin.]

1. To aim or drive in a straight line.

Two eagles from a mountain's height,
By Jove's command, direct their rapid flight.

2. To point against, as a mark.

Pope.

The spear flew hissing thro' the middle space, And pierc'd his throat, directed at his face.

3. To regulate; to adjust.

steps.

3.

Dryden. It is not in man that walketh to direct his Wisdom is profitable to direct. Jeremiah, All that is in a man's power, is to mind what Exclus. the ideas are that take their turns in his understanding; or else to direct and sort and call in such as he desires. Locke.

4. To prescribe certain measure; mark out a certain course.

to

of itself, or of itself alter the direction of its mo tion. Cheyra

4.

He directeth it under the whole heavens, and his lightning unto the ends of the earth. Zob. 1. To order; to command: to direct is a softer term than to command. DIRECTER. u. 3. [director, Latin.] 1. One that directs; one that prescribes. 2. An instrument that serves to

guide

Order; command; prescription.

From the counsel that St. Jerome giveth Le ta, of taking heed how she read the apocrypha; as also by the help of other learned men's judg ments, delivered in like case, we may take di

rection.

Ev'n now

Hooker.

Shakspeare.

I put myself to thy direction.
The nobles of the people digged it by the di-
rection of the law-giver.
Numbers.

Men's passions and God's direction seldom
agree.
King Charles.
General directions for scholastic disputers is,
never to dispute upon mere trifles. Watts.
Regularity; adjustment.

All nature is but art unknown to thee;
All chance, direction which thou canst not see.
Pope.

DIRECTIVE. adj. [from direct.]
1. Having the power of direction.

A law therefore, generally taken, is a direotive rule unto goodness of operation.

Hooker.

A power of command there is without all question, though there be some doubt in what faculty this command doth principally reside, whether in the will or the understanding. The true resolution is, that the directive command for counsel is in the understanding; and the applicative command, or empire, for putting in execution of what is directed, is in the will. Bramball against Hobbes. On the directive powers of the former, and the regularity of the latter, whereby it is capable of direction, depends the generation of all bodies. Grea

2. Informing; showing the way.
Nor visited by one directive ray,
From cottage streaming, or from airy hall.
Thomson
DIRECTLY. adv. [from direct.]
1. In a straight line; rectilineally.

any manual operation. DIRECTION, n. s. [directio, Latin.] 1. Aim at a certain point. These men's opinions are not the product of judgment, or the consequence of reason; but the effects of chance and hazard, of a mind floating at all adventures, without choice, and Locke.

without direction.

The direction of good works to a good end, is the only principle that distinguishes charity. Smalridge.

2. Tendency of motion impresssed by a certain impulse.

No particle of matter, nor any combination of particles, that is, no body, can either move

The more a body is nearer to the eyes, and the more directly it is opposed to them, the more it is enlightened; because the light languishes and lessens, the farther it removes from its proper source. There was no other place assigned to any of Dryden's Dufresnoy. this matter, than that whereunto its own gravity bore it, which was only directly downwards, whereby it obtained that place in the globe, which was just underneath. Woodward.

If the refracted ray be returned directly back to the point of incidence, it shall be retracted by the incident ray. Newton's Opticks. 2. Immediately; apparently; without circumlocution; without any long train of consequence.

Infidels, being clean without the church, deny directly, and utterly reject, the very principles of christianity, which hereticks embrace erro neously by misconstruction. Hooker.

No man hath hitherto been so impious, as plainly and directly to condemn prayer. Hooker. By asserting the scripture to be the canon of our faith, I have unavoidably created to myself enemies in the papists directly, because they have kept the scripture from us what they could. Dryden's Preface to Religio Laici. His work directly tends to raise sentiments of honour and virtue in his readers.

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They argued from celestial causes only, the constant vicinity of the sun, and the directness of his rays; never suspecting that the body of the earth had so great an efficiency in the changes of the air.

Bentley. DIRECTOR. n. s. [director, Latin.] 1. One that has authority over others; a superintendent; one that has the general management of a design or work. Himself stood director over them, with nodding or stamping, shewing he did like or mislike those things he not understand.

In all affairs thou sole director.

2. A rule; an ordinance.

Common forms were not design'd Directors to a noble mind.

Sidney. Swift.

Swift.

3. An instructor; one who shows the proper methods of proceeding.

They are glad to use counsellors and directors in all their dealings of weight, as contracts, tesHooker.

taments.

4. One who is consulted in cases of conscience.

I am her director and her guide in spiritual affairs. Dryden. 5. One appointed to transact the affairs of a trading company. What made directors cheat in south-sea year.

Pope. 6. An instrument in surgery, by which the hand is guided in its operation.

The manner of opening with a knife, is by sliding it on a director, the groove of which prevents its being misguided. Sharp's Surgery. DIRECTORY. n. s. [from director.] The buok which the factious preachers published in the rebellion for the direction of their sect in acts of worship.

As to the ordinance concerning the directory, we cannot consent to the taking away of the book of common prayer.

Oxford Reasons against the Gov. DIRE FUL. adj. [This word is frequent among the poets, but has been censured as not analogical: all other words compounded with full consisting of a substantive and full: as, dreadful, or full of dread, joyful, or full of joy.] Dire; dreadful; dismal.

Point of spear it never piercen would,
Ne dint of direful sword divide the substance
Fairy Queen.

could.

But yet at last, whereas the direful fiend She saw not stir, off shaking vain affright, She nigher drew, and saw that joyous end; Then God she pray'd, and thank'd her faithful knight. Fairy Queen. Direful hap betide that hated wretch That makes us wretched by the death of thee. Slakspeare. The voice of God himself speaks in the heart of men, whether they understand it or no; and by secret intimations gives the sinner a foretaste of that direful cup, which he is like to drink more deeply of hereafter.

South.

I curs'd the direful author of my woes: "Twas told again, and thence my ruin rose.

Dryden. Achilles' wrath, to Greeks the direful spring Of woes unnu uber'd, heavenly goddess! sing.

Poper

D'RENESS. n. s. [from dire.] Dismal ness; horrour; hideousness.

Direness, familiar to my'slaught'rous thoughts, Cannot once start me. Shakspeare's Macbeth.

DIRE PTION. n. s. [direptio, Latin.] The act of plundering.

DIRGE. [This is not a contraction of
the Latin dirige, in the popish hymn
Dirige gressus meos, as some pretend;
but from the Teutonic dyrke, laudare,
to praise and extol. Whence it is pos-
sible their dyrke, and our dirge, was a
laudatory song to commemorate and
applaud the dead. Verstegan. Bacon
apparently derives it from dirige.] A
mournful ditty; a song of lamentation.
Th' imperial jointress of this warlike state
Have we, as 'twere, with a defeated joy,
With mirth in funeral, and with dirge in mar-
riage,

In equal scale weighing delight and dole,
Taken to wife.

Shakspeare's Hamlet. Meanwhile the body of Richard, after many indignities and reproaches, the diriges and obsequies of the common people towards tyrants, was obscurely buried.

Bacon.

Sandy.

You from above shall hear each day One dirge dispatch'd unto your clay; These your own anthems shall become, Your lasting epicedium. All due measures of her mourning kept, Did office at the dirge, and by infection wept. Dryden. DIRIGENT. adj. [dirigens, Latin.]

The dirigent line in geometry is that along which the line describent is carried, in the generation of any figure. Harris.

DIRK. n. s. [an Erse word.] A kind of dagger used in the Highlands of

Scotland.

In vain thy hungry mountaineers Come forth in all their warlike geers, The shield, the pistol, dirk, and dagger, In which they daily wont to swagger..

Tickle

To DIRKE. V. a. To spoil; to ruin. Ob

solete.

Thy waste bigness but cumbers the ground, And dirkes the beauties of my blossoms round. Spenser.

DIRT. n. s. [dryt, Dutch; dirt, Islandick.]

1. Mud; filth; mire; any thing that sticks to the clothes or body.

They, gilding dirt in noble verse, Rustick philosophy rehearse.

Denbam

Numbers engage their lives and labours to heap together a little dirt that shall bury them in the end.

Wake.

The sea rises as high as ever, though the great heaps of dirt it brings along with it are apt to choak up the shallows. Addison.

Mark by what wretched steps their glory

grows;

From dirt and sea-weed as proud Venice rose; In each how guilt and greatness equal ran, And all that rais'd the hero sunk the man.

Pops

Is yellow dirt the passion of thy life? Look but on Gripus, or on Gripus' wife. Pops. 7 DIRT. 9. a. [from the noun.] To 2. Meanness ; sordidness.

foul; to bemire; to make filthy; to bedaub; to soil; to pollute; to nasty.

company is like a dog, who dirts those most whom he loves best. Swift. DIRT-PIE. n. s. [dirt and pie.] Forms moulded by children of clay, in imitation of pastry.

Suckling.

Thou settest thy heart upon that which has
newly left off making of dirt-pies, and is but pre-
paring itself for a green-sickness.
DIRTILY. adv. [from dirty.]
1. Nastily; foully; filthily.
1. Meanly; sordidly; shamefully.
Such gold as that wherewithal
Chimiques from each mineral
Are dirtily and desperately gull'd.
DIRTINESS. n. s. [from dirty.]

1. Nastiness; filthiness; foulness.

2. Meanness; baseness; sordidness.
DIRTY. adj. [from dirt.]

1. Foul; nasty; filthy.

Donne.

Thy Dol and Helen of thy noble thoughts
Is in base durance, and contagious prison,
Haul'd thither by mechanic, dirty hand. Shaksp.
2. Sullied; cloudy; not elegant.

Pound an almond, and the clear white colour
will be altered into a dirty one, and the sweet
taste into an oily one.

3. Mean; base; despicable.

Locke.

Such employments are the diseases of labour,
and the rust of time, which it contracts not by
lying still, but by dirty employment.
Marriages would be made up upon more na-
Taylor.
taral motives than mere dirty interests, and in-
crease of riches without measure or end. Temple.
They come at length to grow sots and epi-
cures, mean in their discourses, and dirty in
their practices.
South.

To DIRTY. v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To foul; to soil.

for an inheritance; and the defendant pleads, in disability, that the plaintiff is a bastard.

Ayliffe's Parergon. This disadvantage, which the dissenters at present lie under, of a disability to receive church preferments, will be easily remedied by the repeal of the test. Swift. To DISABLE. v. a. [dis and able.] 1. To deprive of force; to weaken; to disqualify for any act.

The lords Strutts lived generously, and never used to dirty their fingers with pen, ink, and Arbuthnot.

counters.

The invasion and rebellion did not only dis able this king to be a conqueror, but deprived him both of his kingdom and life. Davies.

Nor so is overcome

Satan, whose fall from heaven, a deadlier bruise
Disabled not to give thee thy death's wound.
Milton.

A christian's life is a perpetual exercise, a wrestling and warfare, for which sensual pleasure disables him, by yielding to that enemy, with whom he must strive. Taylor's Holy Living. 2. To hinder from action: used of things. I have known a great fieet disabled for two months, and thereby lose great occasions by an indisposition of the admiral.

3. To impair; to diminish.

Temple.

I have disabled mine estate, By shewing something a more swelling port Than my faint means would grant continuance. Shakspeare. 4. To deprive of usefulness or efficacy. Farewel, Monsieur Traveller; look you lisp, and wear strange suits; disable all the benefits of your own country. Shakspeare. Your days I will alarm, I'll haunt your nights, And worse than age disable your delights. Dryden. 5. To exclude, as wanting proper qualifications.

2. To disgrace; to scandalize.
DIRUPTION. n. s. [diruptio, Latin.]
1. The act of bursting, or breaking.
2. The state of bursting, or breaking.
Dis. An inseparable particle used in com-
position, implying commonly a priva-
tive or negative signification of the word
to which it is joined: as, to arm, to
disarm; to join, to disjoin. It is bor-
rowed from des, used by the French
and Spaniards in this sense: as, desnouer,
to untie; desterrar, to banish: from the
Latin de; as, struo, to build; destruo,
to destroy.

DISABILITY. z. s. [from disable.]
1. Want of power to do any thing; weak-
ness; impotence.

Our consideration of creatures, and attention
unto scriptures, are not in themselves things of
like disability to breed or beget faith.
Hooker.

Many withdrew themselves out of pure faintness, and disability to attend the conclusion.

Raleigh.

I will not disable any for proving a scholar, nor yet dissemble that I have seen many happily forced upon the course to which by nature they seemed much indisposed. Wotton. To DISABU'SE, V. a. [dis and abuse.] To set free from a mistake; to disentangle from a fallacy; to set right; to undeceive.

The imposture and fallacy of our senses impose not only on common heads, but even more refined mercuries, who have the advantages of an improved reason to disabuse you. Glanv. Scepsis. Those teeth fair Lyce must not show, If she would bite: her lovers, though Like birds they stoop at seeming grapes,, Are disabus'd when first she gapes.

Waller.

Pope.

If by simplicity you meant a general defect in those that profess angling, I hope to disabuse you. Walton's Angler. Chaos of thought and passion, all confus'd; Still by himself abus'd or disabus'd. DISACCOMMODATION. n. s. [dis and accommodation.] The state of being unfit or unprepared.

Devastations have happened in some places more than in others, according to the accommcdation or disaccommodation of them to such calamities. Hale's Origin of Mankind.

He that knows most of himself, knows least To DISACCUSTOM. v. a. [dis and accus

of his knowledge, and the exercised understand

ing is conscious of its disability.

Glanville.

The ability of mankind does not lie in the impotency or disabilities of brutes. Locke.

2. Want of proper qualifications for any purpose; legal impediment.

A suit is commenced in a temporal court

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