Robert, count of Flanders, his character and en-
gagement in the first crusade, 1074.
Robert, duke of Normandy, his character and en-
gagement in the first crusade, 1074. Recalled
by the censures of the church, 1083.
Roderic, the Gothic king of Spain, his defeat and
death by Tarik the Arab, 964.

Rodugune, probable origin of her character, in
Rowe's Royal Convert, 641, note.
Roger, count of Sicily, his exploits, and conquest
of that island, 1040.

Roger, son of the former, the first king of Sicily,
1047. His military achievements in Africa and
Greece, 1048.

Roger de Flor, engages as an auxiliary in the ser-
vice of the Greek emperor Andronicus, 1151.
His assassination, 1152.

Romanus 1. Lecapenus, emperor of Constantino-
ple, 860.

Romanus II. emperor of Constantinople, 861.
Romanus III. Argyrus, emperor of Constantino-
ple, 863.

Romanus IV. Diogenes, emperor of Constantino-
ple, 865. Is defeated and taken prisoner by the
Turkish sultan Alp Arslan, 1059. His treat-
ment, deliverance, and death, ib.

Romanus, count, governor of Africa, his corrupt
administration, 405.

Romanus, governor of Bosra, betrays it to the Sa-
racens, 942.
Rome, the three periods of its decline pointed out,
Preface. Its prosperous circumstances in
the second century, 1. The principal conquests
of, achieved under the republic, ib. Conquests
under the emperors, 2. Military establishment
of the emperors, 4. Naval force of the empire,
7. View of the provinces of the empire, 8. Its
general extent, 11. The union and internal
prosperity of the empire, in the age of the 'Anto-
nines, accounted for, ib. Treatment of the pro-
vinces, 14. Benefits included in the freedom of
the city, 15. Distinction between the Latin and
Greek provinces, ib. Prevalence of the Greek,
as a scientific language, 16. Numbers and con-
dition of the Roman slaves, ib. Populousness
of the empire, 17. Unity and power of the
government, ib. Monuments of Roman archi-
tecture, 18. The Roman magnificence chiefly
displayed in public buildings, 19. Principal
cities in the empire, ib. Public roads, 20. Great
improvements of agriculture in the western
countries of the empire, 21. Arts of luxury, 22.
Commerce with the east, ib. Contemporary re-
presentation of the prosperity of the empire, 23.
Decline of courage and genius, ib. Review of
public affairs after the battle of Actium, 24.
The imperial power and dignity confirmed to
Augustus by the senate, 25. The various charac-
ters and powers vested in the emperor, 26.
General idea of the imperial system, 27. Abor-
tive attempt of the senate to resume its rights
after the murder of Caligula, 29. The emperors
associate their intended successors to power, ib.
The most happy period in the Roman history
pointed out, 31. Their peculiar misery under
their tyrants, 32. The empire publicly sold by
auction by the prætorian guards, 42. Civil wars
of the Romans, how generally decided, 47.
When the army first received regular pay, 63.
How the citizens were relieved from taxation, ib.
General estimate of the Roman revenue from the
provinces, 64. Miseries flowing from the suc-
cession to the empire being elective, 67. A sum-
mary review of the Roman history, 77. Reca-
pitulation of the war with Parthia, 82. Invasion
of the provinces by the Goths, 98. The office of
censor revived by the emperor Decius, ib. Peace
purchased of the Goths, 100. The emperor Vale-
rian taken prisoner by Sapor, king of Persia,
107. The popular conceit of the thirty tyrants
of Rome investigated, 109. Famine and pesti-
lence throughout the empire, 112. The city for-
tified against the inroads of the Alemanni, 119.
Remarks on the alleged sedition of the othcers of
the mint under Aurelian, 125. Observations on
the peaceful interregnum after the death of
Aurelian, 126. Colonies of barbarians intro-
duced into the provinces by Probus, 132. Ex-
hibition of the public games by Carinus, 137.
Treaty of peace between the Persians and the
Romans, 149. The last triumph celebrated at
Rome, 150. How the imperial courts came to
be transferred to Milan and Nicomedia, 151.
The prætorian bands superseded by the Jovian
and Herculean guards, ib. The power of the
senate annihilated, 152. Four divisions of the
empire under four conjunct princes, 153. Their
expensive establishments call for more burden-
some taxes, ib. Diocletian and Maximian ab-
dicate the empire, 154. Six emperors existing
at one time, 163. The senate and people apply
to Constantine to deliver them from the tyranny
of Maxentius, 166. Constantine enters the city
victorious, 169. Laws of Constantine, 173.
Constantine remains sole emperor, 176. His
tory of the progress and establishment of chris-
tianity, ib. Pretensions of the bishop of Rome,
whence deduced, 194. State of the church at
Rome at the time of the persecution by Nero,
201. Narrative of the fire of Rome, in the reign
of Nero, 210. The christians persecuted as the

incendiaries, i. The memorable edicts of
Diocletian and his associates against the chris-
tians, 226.

account of the building and establishment of
the rival city of Constantinople, 233. New forms
of administration established there, 240. Divi-
sion of the empire among the sons of Constan-
tine, 265. Establishment of christianity as the
national religion, 300. Tumults excited by the
rival bishops, Liberius and Fælix, 328. Pagan-
ism restored by Julian, 353. And christianity
by Jovian, 387. The empire divided into the
cast and west, by the emperor Valentinian, 390.
Civil institutions of Valentinian, 394. The
crafty avarice of the clergy restrained by Valen-
tinian, 397. Bloody contest of Damasus and
Ursinus for the bishopric of Rome, 398. Great
earthquake, 414.

--The emperor Theodosius visits the city,
453. Inquiry into the cause of the corruption of
morals in his reign, 461. Review of the pagan
establishment, 462. The pagan religion re-
nounced by the senate, 461. Sacrifices prohibit
ed, 465. The pagan prohibited, 468. Triumph
of Honorius and Stilicho over Alaric the Goth,
489. Alaric encamps under the walls of the
city, 502. Retrospect of the state of the city
when besieged by Hannibal, ib. Wealth of the
nobles and magnificence of the city, 503. Cha-
racter of the nobles of, by Ammianus Marcelli-
nus, 504. State and character of the common
people, 507. Public distributions of bread, &c.
308. Public baths, ib. Games and spectacles,
ib. Attempts to ascertain the population of the
city, 509. The citizens suffer by famine, 510.
Plague, ib. The retreat of Alaric purchased by
a ransom, 511. Is again besieged by Alaric, 513.
The senate unites with him in electing Attalus
emperor, 514. The city seized by Alaric, and
plundered, 515. Comparison between this event
and the sack of Rome by the emperor Charles V.
518. Alaric quits Rome and ravages Italy, ib.
Laws passed for the relief of Rome, and Italy,
521. Triumph of Honorius for the reduction of
Spain by Wallia, 526. Is preserved from the
hands of Attila by a ransom, 576. Indications
of the ruin of the empire, at the death of Valen-
tinian III, 578. Sack of the city by Genseric
king of the Vandals, 580. The public buildings
of, protected from depredation by the laws of
Majorian, 586. Is sacked again by the patrician
Ricimer, 597. Augustulus, the last emperor of
the west, 598. The decay of the Roman spirit
remarked, 600. History of monastic institutions
in, 603. General observations on the history of
the Roman empire, 641.

Italy conquered by Theodoric the Ostro-
goth, 648. Prosperity of the city under his go-
vernment, 652. Account of the four factions in
the circus, 664. First introduction of silk among
the Romans, 668. The office of consul suppressed
by Justinian, 683. The city receives Belisarius,
701. Siege of, by the Goths, ib. Distressful
siege of, by Totila, the Goth, 736. Is taken, 737.
Is recovered by Belisarius, 738. Is again taken
by Totila, 740. Is taken by the eunuch Narses,
743. Extinction of the senate, ib. The city
degraded to the second rank under the exarchs of
Ravenna, 746. A review of the Roman laws,
752. Extent of the duchy of, under the exarchs
of Ravenna, 788. Miserable state of the city, 791.
Pontificate of Gregory the Great, 792.

The government of the city new modelled
under the popes, after their revolt from the Greek
emperors, 881. Is attacked by the Lombards, and
delivered by king Pepin, 883. The office and
rank of exarchs and patricians explained, 884.
Reception of Charlemagne by pope Adrian I.
885. Origin of the temporal power of the popes,
ib. Mode of electing a pope, 895. Is menaced
by the Saracens, 986. Prosperous pontificate of
Leo IV. 987. Is besieged and taken by the em-
peror Henry III. 1046. Great part of the city
burnt by Robert Guiscard, in the cause of pope
Gregory VII. ib.

The history of, resumed, after the capture
of Constantinople by the Turks, 1241. French
and German emperors of, 1242. Authority of
the popes, ib. Restoration of the republican form
of government, 1247. Office of senator, 1249.
Wars against the neighbouring cities, 1251. In-
stitution of the jubilee, 1255. Revolution in the
city, by the tribune Rienzi, 1260. Calamities
flowing from the schism of the papacy, 1270.
Statutes and government of the city, 1272. Por-
caro's conspiracy, 1973. The ecclesiastical go-
vernment of, 1275. Reflections of Poggius on
the ruin of the city, 1276. Four principal causes
of its ruin specified, 1277. The coliseum of
Titus, 1281. Restoration and ornaments of the
city, 1284.

Romilda, the betrayer of Friuli to the Avars, her
cruel treatment by them, 808.
Rosamond, daughter of Cunimund king of the Ge-
pida, her marriage with Alboin king of the Lom-
bards, 781. Conspires his murder, 783. Her
flight and death, 784.

Roum, the Seljukian kingdom of, formed, 1062.
Rudbeck, Olaus, summary abridgment of the argu-
ment in his Atlantica, 87.
Rufinus, the confidential minister of the emperor
Theodosius the Great, stimulates his cruelty
against Thessalonica, 456. His character and
administration, 473. His death, 478.
Rugilas, the Hun, his settlement in Hungary, 553.
Runic characters, the antiquity of, traced, &, note.
Russia, origin of the monarchy of, 1025. Geogra-
phy and trade of, 1026. Naval expeditions of
the Russians against Constantinople, 1027. Reign
of the czar Swatoslaus, 1029. The Russians
converted to christianity, 1030. Is conquered by
the Moguls, 1168.

Sabellius the heresiarch, his opinions afterward
adopted by his antagonists, 312. His doctrine of
the Trinity, 313. The Sabellians unite with the
Tritheists at the council of Nice to overpower the
Arians, 314.

Sabians, their astronomical mythology, 908.
Sabinian obtains the command of the eastern pro-
vinces from Constantius, 284.
Sabinian, general of the east, is defeated by Theo-
doric the Ostrogoth, king of Italy, 651.
Sabinians, origin of the sect of, in the Roman civil
law, 759.

Sadducees, account of that sect among the Jews,
185.

Saladin, his birth, promotion, and character, 1097.
Conquers the kingdom of Jerusalem, 1099. His
ineffectual siege of Tyre, 1100. Siege of Acre,
1101. His negociations with Richard I. of Eng
land, 1102. His death, 1103.
Salerno, account of the medical school of, 1040.
Salic laws, history of, 627.
Sallust, the præfect, and friend of the emperor
Julian, declines the offer of the diadem on his
death, 381. Declines it again on the death of
Jovian, 389. Is retained in his employment by
the emperor Valentinian, 390.
Sallust, the historian, by what funds he raised his
palace on the Quirinal hill, 517, note.
Salona, the retreat of the emperor Diocletian,
described, 155.
Salvian, his account of the distress and rebellion
of the Bagaudæ, 579, note.
Samanides, the Saracen dynasty of, 991.
Samaritans, persecution and extinction of, by the
emperor Justinian, 832.

Samuel the prophet, his ashes conveyed to Con-
stantinople, 470.

Saper, king of Persia, procures the assassination of
Chosroes, king of Armenia, and seizes the coun-
try, 107. Defeats the emperor Valerian, and
takes him prisoner, ib. Sets up Cyriades as
successor to Valerian in the Roman empire, 108.
Overruns Syria, Cilicia, and Cappadocia, ib.
His death, 122.

Sapor, the son of Hormouz, is crowned king of
Persia before his birth, 265. His character an
early heroism, ib. Harasses the eastern pro-
vinces of the Roman empire, 266. Battle of
Singara against the emperor Constantius, tỗ.
His son brutally killed by Constantius, 267.
His several attempts on Nisibis, ib. Concludes
a truce with Constantius, ib. Ilis haughty pro-
positions to Constantius, 281. Invades Meso-
potamia, 282. Reduces Amida, 283. Returns
home, ib. His peaceful overtures to the em
peror Julian, 366. His consternation at the
successes of Julian, 377. Harasses the retreat
of the Romans, 379. His treaty with the em-
peror Jovian, 383. His reduction of Armenia,
and death, 407, 408.

Saracen, various definitions of that appellation,
904.

Saracens, successions of the caliphs of, 929. Their
rapid conquests, 936. Conquest of Persia, 939.
Siege of Damascus, 942. Battle of Yermuk,
and conquest of Syria, 947. Of Egypt, 952.
Invasions of Africa, 958. Their military cha-
racter, 1007.

Sarbar, the Persian general, joins the Avars in
besieging Constantinople, 812. Revolts to the
emperor Heraclius, 813.

Sardinia, expulsion of the Vandals from, by Mar-
cellinus, 592. Is conquered by Zano, the bro-
ther of Gelimer, king of the Vandals, 691. Is
surrendered to Belisarius, 692.

Sarmatians, memorable defeat of, by the emperor
Carus, 135. Their manners described, 261.
Brief history of, 262. They apply to Constan-
tine the Great for assistance against the Goths,
ib. Are expelled their country by the Limi-
gantes, 263. Are restored by Constantius, 281.
Savage manners, a brief view of, 88. Are more
uniform than those of civilized nations, 414.
Sarus, the Goth, plunders the camp of Stilicho,
and drives him into the hands of the enperor at
Ravenna, 498. Insults Alaric, and occasions
the sacking of Rome, 515. Is killed by Adol-
phus king of the Visigoths, 524.
Saturninus, one of the competitors for empire
against Gallienus, his observation on his in-
vestiture, 110.

Saturninus, lieutenant under the emperor Probus
in the east, is driven into rebellion by his troops,

133.

Saxons, ancient, an account of, 401. Their pirati-
cal confederations, 402. Their invasions of Gaul
checked by the Romans, ib. How converted to
christianity, 610. Descent of the Saxons on
Britain, 636. Their brutal desolation of the
country, 638, 639.

Scanderbeg, prince of Albania, his history, 1220.
Seatinian law of the Romans, account of, 776.
Scaurus, the patrician family of, how reduced
under the emperors, 242, note.
Schism in religion, the origin of, traced, 181.
Science reducible to four classes, 982.
Selavonians, their national character, 715. Their
barbarous inroads on the eastern empire, 716.
Of Dalmatia, account of, 1021.
Scots and Picts, the nations of, how distinguished.
402, 403. Invasions of Britain by, 403.
Scythians, this name vaguely applied to mixed
tribes of barbarians, 106. Their pastoral man-
ners, 414. Extent and boundaries of Scythia,

683.

Sebastian, the brother of the usurper Jovinus, is
associated with him in his assumed imperial
dignities, 524.

Sebastocrator, import of that title in the Greek
empire, 1001.

See, in Normandy, the bishop, and chapter of,
all castrated, 1244, note.

Segestan, the princes of, support their independ-
ency obstinately against Artaxerxes, 81, note.
Segued, emperor of Abyssinia, is with his whole
court converted by the Jesuits, 844.

Selden, his sententious character of transubstantia-
tion, 874, note.

Seleucia, the great city of, ruined by the Romans,

82.

Seleucus Nicator, number of cities founded by
him, 81, note.

Seljuk, Turkish dynasty of the house of, 1056.
Division of their empire, 1062.

Serjeant, legal and military import of that term,
1118, note.

220.

Severus, Septimius, general of the Pannonian le-
gions, assumes the purple on the death of Per-
tinax, 45. His conduct towards the christians,
Senate of Rome is reformed by Augustus, 24. Its
legislative and judicial powers, 27. Abortive
attempt of, to resume its rights after the murder
of Caligula, 29. Its legal jurisdiction over the
emperors, 40. Is subjected to military despo-
tism, by Severus, 50. Women excluded from this
assembly by a solemn law, 60. The form of a
secret meeting, 71. Measures taken to support
the authority of the two Gordians, ib.
senate elect Maximus and Balbinus emperors on
the deaths of the Gordians, 72. They drive the
Alemanni out of Italy, 103. The senators for-
bid to exercise military employments by Gallie-
nus, ib. Elect Tacitus the father of the senate,
emperor, 127. Prerogatives gained to the senate,
by this election, 128. Their power and authority
annihilated by Diocletian, 151.

The

- amount of the coronary gold, or customary
free gift of, to the emperors, 256. The claim of
Julian to the empire admitted, 340.

-petitions of, to the emperors, for the re-
storation of the altar of Victory, 463. The pagan
religion renounced, 464. Debates of, on the
proposals of Alaric the Goth, 497. Genealogy
of the senators, 502. Passes a decree for putting
to death Serena the widow of Stilicho, 510. Under
the influence of Alaric, elects Attalus emperor,
514. Trial of Arvandus, a prætorian præfect of
Gaul, 594. Surrenders the sovereign power of
Italy to the emperor of the east, 599.

- extinction of that illustrious assembly, 743.
- restoration of, in the twelfth century, 1247.
The assembly resolved into single magistrates,
1249.

Serapion, his lamentation for the loss of a personi-
fied deity, 818.

467.

Serapis, history of his worship, and of his tem-
ple at Alexandria, 466. The temple destroyed,
Serena, niece of the emperor Theodosius, married
to his general Stilicho, 477. Is cruelly strangled
by order of the Roman senate, 510.
Severinus, St., encourages Odoacer to assume the
dominion of Italy, 599. His body, how disposed
of, 600, note.

Severus is declared Cæsar on the abdication of
Diocletian and Maximian, 158. His defeat and
death, 161.

Severus is appointed general of the cavalry in Gaul
under Julian, 286.

Shepherds and warriors, their respective modes of
life compared, 415.

Shiites, a sect of Mahometans, their distinction
from the Sonnites, 929.
Siberia, extreme coldness of the climate, and
miserable state of the natives of. 419. Is seized
and occupied by the Tartars, 1169.
Sicily, reflections on the distractions in that island,
111. Is conquered by the Saracens, 985. Intro-
duction of the silk manufacture there, 998. Ex-
ploits of the Normans there, 1035. Is conquered
by Count Roger, 1040. Roger, son of the former,
made king of, 1047. Reign of William the Bad,
1051. Reign of William the Good, ib. Conquest
of, by the emperor Henry VI. 1052. Is subdued
by Charles of Anjou, 1149. The Sicilian Ves-
pers, 1150.

Sidonius Apollinaris the poet, his humorous treat-
ment of the capitation tax, 254. His character
of Theodoric king of the Visigoths in Gaul, 582.
His panegyric on the emperor Avitus, 584. His
panegyric on the emperor Anthemius, 591.
Sigismond, king of the Burgundians, murders his
son, and is canonized, 623. Is overwhelmed by
an army of Franks, ib.

Silentiarius, Paul, his account of the various
species of stone and marble employed in the
church of St. Sophia at Constantinople, 675,

note.

Silk, first manufactured in China, and then in the
small Grecian island of Ceos, 668. A peculiar
kind of silk procured from the pinna marina, ib.
The silk-worn, how mtroduced to Greece, 669.
Progress of the manufacture of, in the tenth cen-
tury, 998.

Simeon, persecutor of the Paulicians, becomes a
proselyte to their opinions, 1014.
Simeon, king of Bulgaria, his exploits, 1021.
Simeon Stylites, the hermit, his extraordinary mode
of life, 608.

Simony, an early instance of, 222, note.

Singara, battle of, between the emperor Constan-
tius, and Sapor king of Persia, 266. The city of,
reduced by Sapor, 283. Is yielded to him by
Jovian, 383.

Singeric, brother of Sarus, is made king of the
Goths, 526.

Singidunum is perfidiously taken by Baian chagan
of the Avars, 800.

Sirmium is perfidiously taken by Baian chagan of
the Avars, 801.

Siroes deposes and murders his father Chosroes II.
king of Persia, 815. His treaty of peace with the
emperor Heraclius, ib.

Sisebut, a Gothic king of Spain, persecutes the Jews
there, 617.

Sixtus V. pope, character of his administration,
1275.

Slave, strange perversion of the original sense of
that appellation, 1020.

Slaves among the Romans, who, and their condi-
tion described, 16.

Slavery, personal, imposed on captives by the bar-
barous nations, 630.

Sleepers, Seven, narrative of the legendary tale
of, 552.

Smyrna, capture of, by Tamerlane, 1185.
Society, philosophical reflections on the revolu-
tions of, 644.
Soffarides, the Saracen dynasty of, 991.
Soldiers, Roman, their obligations and discipline,
4. When they first received regular pay, 63.
Soliman, sultan, conquers Asia Minor, 1062.
Fixes his residence at Nice, 1063. Nice taken
by the first crusaders, 1080. Battle of Dory-
læum, ib.

Soliman, the son of Bajazet, his character, 1190,
His alliance with the Greek emperor Manuel
Palæologus, 1192.

Solomon, king of the Jews, not the author of the
book which bears the name of his Wisdom, 309.
Reasons for supposing he did not write either
the book of Ecclesiastes or the Proverbs, 694,
note.

Solomon the eunuch relieves the Roman province
in Africa from the depredations of the Moors,
695. Revolt of his troops at Carthage, 733. Is
defeated and killed by Antalus the Moor, 734.
Solyman, caliph of the Saracens, undertakes the
siege of Constantinople, 973. His enormous ap-
petite, and death, 974.

Sonnites, in the Mahometan religion, their tenets,
929.

Sopator, a Syrian philosopher, beheaded by Con-
stantine the Great, on a charge of binding the
wind by magic, 321, note.

Sophia, the widow of Justin II. her conspiracy
against the emperor Tiberius, 785.
Sophia, St. foundation of the church of, at Con-
stantinople, 674. Its description, ib. Is con-
verted into a mosch, 1238.
Sophian, the Arab, commands the first siege of
Constantinople, 972.

Sophrenia, a Roman matron, kills herself to escape
the violence of Maxentius, 165, note.
Sortes Sanctorum, a mode of christian divination,
Soul, uncertain opinions of the ancient philoso-
adopted from the pagans, 624, note.
phers as to the immortality of, 184. This doc-
trine more generally received among the bar-
barous nations, and for what reason, ib. Was
not taught by Moses, 185. Four different pre-
vailing doctrines as to the origin of, 817, note.
Sozopetra destroyed by the Greek emperor Theo-
philus, 988.

Spain, the province of, described, 8. Great re-
venues raised from this province by the Romans,
64. Is ravaged by the Franks, 102.

Review of the history of, 524. Is invaded
by the barbarous nations, 525. The invaders
conquered by Wallia, king of the Goths, 526.
Successes of the Vandals there, 547. Expedition
of Theodoric king of the Visigoths into, 583.
The christian religion received there, 615. Re-
volt and martyrdom of Hermenegild, 616. Per-
secution of the Jews in, 617. Legislative assem-
blies of, 634.

acquisitions of Justinian there, 696.

state of, under the emperor Charlemagne,
891. First introduction of the Arabs into the
country, 962. Defeat and death of Roderic the
Gothic king of, 964. Conquest of, by Musa, 965.
Its prosperity under the Saracens, 968. The
christian faith there, supplanted by that of Ma-
homet, ib. The throne of Cordova filled by Ab-
dalrahman, 979.

Stadium, olympic, the races of, compared with
those in the Roman circus, 664.
Stauracius, emperor of Constantinople, 854.
Stephen, a freedman of Domitilla, assassinates the
emperor Domitian, 213.

Stephen, count of Chartres, his character, and en-
gagement in the first crusade, 1074. Deserts his
standard, 1083.

Stephen, St. the first christian martyr, miraculous
discovery of his body, and the miracles worked
by it, 471.

Stephen the Savage, sent by the Greek emperor
Justinian II. to exterminate the Chersonites,
850.

Stephen 111. pope, solicits the aid of Pepin king
of France, against the Lombards, under the

character of St. Peter, 883. Crowns king Pepin,

884.

Stilicho, the great general of the western empire
under the emperor Honorius, his character, 476.
Puts to death Rufinus the tyrannical præfect of
the east, 478. His expedition against Alaric in
Greece, 484. His diligent endeavours to check
his progress in Italy, 487. Defeats Alaric at

Pollentia, 488. Drives him out of Italy, 489.
His triumph at Rome, ib. His preparations to
oppose the invasion of Radagaisus, 492. Re-
duces and puts him to death, 493. Supports the
claims of Alaric in the Roman senate, 497. Is
put to death at Ravenna, 499. His memory
persecuted, ib.

Stoza heads the revolted troops of the emperor Jus-
tinian in Africa, 733.

Strasburg, battle of, between Julian and the Ale-
manni, 286.

Successianus defends the Roman frontier against
the Goths, 104.

Suevi, the origin and renown of, 102.
Suicide applauded and pitied by the Romans, 778.
Sulpicius, Servius, was the highest improver of the
Koman jurisprudence, 758.

Sultan, origin and import of this title of eastern
Sovereignty, 1053.

Sumnat, description of the Pagoda of, in Guzarat,
and its destruction by sultan Mahmud, 1054.
Sun, the worship of, introduced at Rome by the
emperor Elagabalus, 58. Was the peculiar ob-
ject of the devotion of Constantine the Great, be-
fore his conversion, 291. And of Julian, after
his apostasy, 353.

Susa, the city of, taken by Constantine the Great,
167.

Swatoslaus, czar of Russia, his reign, 1029.
Swiss cantons, the confederacy of, how far similar
to that of the ancient Franks, 102.
Sword of Mars, the sacred weapon of the Huns,
history of, 554.

Syagrius, king of the Franks and Burgundians,
his character, 619. Is conquered by Clovis, 620.
Sylla the dictator, his legislative character, 775.
Syllanus the consul, his speech to the senate, re-
commending the election of the two Gordians to
their approbation, 71.

Sylvania, sister of the præfect Rufinus, her un-
common sanctity, 478, note.
Sylvanus, general in Gaul under Constantius, is
ruined by treachery, 278.

Sylverius, pope, is degraded and sent into exile by
Belisarius for an attempt to betray the city of
Rome to the Goths, 705. His death, 735, note.
Symmachus, his account of the pagan conformity of
the emperor Constantius, during his visit to
Rome, 332. Pleads in behalf of the ancient
pagan religion of Rome, to the emperor Valen-
tinian, 463.

Synesius, bishop of Ptolemais, excommunicates the
president Andronicus, 305. His extraordinary
character, ib. note. His advice to the eastern
emperor Arcadius, 485.
Synods, provincial, in the primitive churches, in-
stitution of, 193. Nature of those assemblies, 306.
See Councils.

Syria, its revolutions and extent, 10. Is reduced
by Chosroes II. king of Persia, 806. General
description of, 946. Is conquered by the Sara-
cens, 947. Invasion of, by 1 amerlane, 1183.
Syriac language, where spoken in the greatest
purity, 83, note.

Syrianus, duke of Egypt, surprises the city of
Alexandria, and expels Athanasius the primate
of Egypt, 325.

T

Tabari, the Arabian historian, account of his work,
936, note.

Tabenne, the island of, in Upper Thebais, is settled
with monks, by Pachomius, 603.
Table of emerald, in the Gothic treasury in Spain,
account of, 521.

Tacitus, emperor, his election and character, 127.
Tacitus, the historian, his character of the princi-
ples of the Portico, 31, note. The intention of his
episodes, 78. His character as an historian, 85.
His account of the ancient Germans, 87. His
history, how preserved and transmitted down to
us, 127, note. His account of the persecution
of the christians as the incendiaries of Rome,
210.
Tactics of Leo and Constantine, character of, 995.
Military character of the Greeks, 1006.
Tagina, battle of, between the eunuch Narses, and
Totila king of the Goths in Italy, 742.
Taherites, the Saracen dynasty of, 991.
Tamerlane, his birth, reign, and conquests, 1179.
His letter to Bajazet, 1183. His conference with
the doctors of the law, at Aleppo, 1184. Defeats
and takes Bajazet prisoner, 1185. How kept out
of Europe, 1187. His triumph at Samarcand,
1188. Dies on a march to China, 1189. His
character, ib.

Tancred the crusader, his character, 1074. His
bold behaviour at Constantinople, 1078.
Tarasius, secretary to the empress Irene, made
patriarch of Constantinople, 887. Presides at,
and frames the decrees of, the second council of
Nice, ib.

Tarik, the Arab, his descent on Spain, 964. De-
feats and kills Roderic the Gothic king of, ib.
His disgrace, 966, 967.

Tarragona, the city of, almost destroyed by the
Franks, 102.

Tartars. See Scythians.
Tartary, eastern, conquest of, by Tamerlane, 1181.
Tatian, and his son Proculus, destroyed by the
base arts of Rufinus, the confidential minister of
the emperor Theodosius, 474.
Taurus the consul, is banished by the tribunal of
Tares, how the Roman citizens were exonerated
Chalcedon, 344.

from the burden of, 63. Account of those insti-
tuted by Augustus, 64. How raised under Con-
stantine the Great, and his successors, 252.
Tayef, siege of, by Mahomet, 923.
Teias, the last king of the Goths, defeated and
killed by the eunuch Narses, 743.

Telemachus, an Asiatic monk, loses his life at
Rome, in an attempt to prevent the combat of
the gladiators, 490.
Temple of Jerusalem, burned, 212. History of the
emperor Julian's attempt to restore it, 357.
Temugin. See Zingis.

Tephrice is occupied and fortified by the Pauli-
cians, 1015.
Tertullian, his pious exultation in the expected
damnation of all the pagan world, 187. Sug-
gests desertion to christian soldiers, 192, note.
Flis suspicious account of two edicts of Tiberius
and Marcus Antoninus,in favour of the christians,
220.

Testaments, the Roman laws for regulating, 770.
Codicils, 771.

Tetricus, assumes the empire in Gaul, at the insti-
gation of Victoria, 120. Betrays his legions into
the hands of Aurelian, ib. Is led in triumph by
Aurelian, 124.

Thabor, mount, dispute concerning the light of,
1161.

Thanet, the island of, granted by Vortigern, as a
settlement for his Saxon auxiliaries, 636.
Theatrical entertainments of the Romans described,
508.

Thebaan legion, the martyrdom of, apocryphal,
224, note.

Theft, the Roman laws relating to, 773. 775, 776.
Themes, or military governments of the Greek em-
pire, account of, 996.

Themistius, the orator, his encomium on religious
toleration, 388.

Theodatus, his birth, and elevation to the throne of
Italy, 698. His disgraceful treaties with the em-
peror Justinian, and revolt against them, 699.
His deposition and death, 701.
Theodebert, king of the Franks in Austrasia, joins
the Goths in the siege and destruction of Milan,
708. Invades Italy, ib. His death, 709.
Theodemir, a Gothic prince of Spain, copy of his
treaty of submission to the Saracens, 966.
Theodora, empress, her birth and early history,
661. Her marriage with Justinian, 662.
tyranny, 663. Her virtues, ib. Her death, 661.
Her fortitude during the Nika sedition, 666.
Account of her palace and gardens of Heræum,
676. Her pious concern for the conversion of
Nubia, 843.

Her

Theodora, wife of the Greek emperor Theophilus,
her history, 856. Restored the worship of images,
887. Provokes the Paulicians to rebellion, 1015.
Theodora, daughter of the Greek emperor Constan-
tine IX. her history, 863.

Theodora, widow of Baldwin III. king of Jerusa-
lem, her adventures as the concubine of Andro-
nicus Comnenus, 871.

Theodore Angelus, despot of Epirus, seizes Peter
of Courtenay, emperor of Constantinople, pri-
soner, 1132. Possesses himself of Thessalonica,
ib.
Theodoric acquires the Gothic sceptre by the mur
der of his brother Torismond, 582. His character
by Sidonius, ibid. His expedition into Spain,
583.
Theodoric, the son of Alaric, his prosperous reign
over the Visigoths in Gaul, 567. Unhappy fates
of his daughters, 568. Is prevailed on by Ftius
to join his forces against Attila, 571. Is killed
at the battle of Chalons, 572.
Theodoric, the Ostrogoth, his birth and education,
645. Is forced by his troops into a revolt against
the emperor Zeno, 647. He undertakes the con-
quest of Italy, ib. Reduces and kills Odoacer,
649. Is acknowledged king of Italy, ib. Review
of his administration, ib. His visit to Rome, and
care of the public buildings, 652. His religion,
654. His remorse, and death, 658.
Theodosiopolis, the city of, in Armenia, built, 544.
Theodosius the Great, his distinction between a
Roman prince and a Parthian monarch, 256,
note. The province of Masia preserved by his
valour, 412. Is associated by Gratian as empe-
ror of the east, 434. His birth and character, ib.
His prudent and successful conduct of the Gothic
war, 435. Defeats an invasion of the Ostrogoths,
437.

- his treaty with Maximus, 442. His bap-
tism, and edict to establish orthodox faith, 443.
Purges the city of Constantinople from Arian-
ism, 445. Enforces the Nicene doctrine through-
out the east, ib. Convenes a council at Constan-
tinople, 446. His edicts against heresy, 447.
Receives the fugitive family of Valentinian, and
marries his sister Galla, 452. Defeats Maximus,
and visits Rome, ib. His character, 453. His
lenity to the city of Antioch, 455. His cruel
treatment of Thessalonica, 456. Submits to the
penance imposed by St. Ambrose, for his seve
rity to Thessalonica, 457. Restores Valentinian,
b. Consults John of Lycopolis, the hermit, on
the intended war against Engenius, 459. De-
feats Eugenius, 460. His death, ib. Procures a
senatorial renunciation of the pagan religion,
461. Abolishes pagan rites, 465. Prohibits the
pagan religion, 468.

Theodosius the Younger, his birth, 539. Is said to
be left by his father Arcadius to the care of Jez-
degerd king of Persia, 540. His education and
character, 541. His marriage with Eudocia,
542. His war with Persia, 543. His pious joy
on the death of John, the usurper of the west,
545. His treaty with the Huns, 553. His armies
defeated by Attila, 557. Is reduced to accept a
peace dictated by Attila, 559. Is oppressed by
the embassies of Attila, 500. Embassy of Maxi-
min to Attila, 561. Is privy to a scheme for the
assassination of Attila, 564. Attila's embassy to
him on that occasion, ib. His death, ih.

- his perplexity at the religious feuds between
Cyril and Nestorius, 824. Banishes Nestorius,
895.

Theodosius III. emperor of Constantinople, 851.
Theodosius, the father of the emperor, his success-
ful expedition to Britain, 404. Suppresses the
revolt of Firmus the Moor, in Africa, 406. Is
beheaded at Carthage, ib.
Theodosius, patriarch of Alexandria, his compe-
tition with Gaian, how decided, 841. His nego-
ciations at the court of Byzantium, 842.
Theodosius, the deacon, grandson of the emperor
Heraclius, murdered by his brother Constans II.

848.

Theodosius, the lover of Antonina, detected by
Belisarius, 711. Turns monk to escape her, ib.
His death, 712.

Theodotus, president of the council of Hierapolis
under Constantius, his ridiculous flattery to that
emperor, 340.

Theophano, wife of the Greek emperor Romanus
II. poisons both him and his father, 861. Her
connexion with Nicephorus Phocas, ib. His
murder, and her exile, 862.
Theophilus, emperor of Constantinople, 855. His
Amorian war with the caliph Motassem, 988.
Theophilus, archbishop of Alexandria, destroys
the temple of Serapis, and the Alexandrian li-
brary, 467. Assists the persecution of St. Chry-
sostom, 538. His invective against him, 539,
Theophilus, his pious embassy from the emperor
Constantius, to the East Indies, 300.
Theophobus, the Persian, his unfortunate history,

note.

856.

Therapeute, or Essenians, some account of, 200.
Thermopyle, the straits of, fortified by the em-
peror Justinian, 677.

Thessalonica, sedition and massacre there, 455.
Cruel treatment of the citizens, ib. Penance of
Theodosius for this severity, 456..
Theudelinda, princess of Bavaria, married to
Autharis king of the Lombards, 790.
Thibaut, count of Champagne, engages in the
fourth crusade, 1112.

Thomas the Cappadocian, his revolt against the
Greek emperor Michael II. and cruel punish-
ment, 855.

Thomas of Damascus, his exploits against the
Saracens when besieging that city, 944.
Thomas, St. account of the christians of, in India,
887. Persecution of, by the Portuguese, 838.
Thrace, is colonised by the Bastarna, in the reign
of Probus, 133. The fugitive Goths permitted
to settle there by the emperor Valens, 421. Is
ravaged by them, 427. The Goths settled there
by Theodosius, 438.
Thrasimund, king of the Vandals, his character,
612.
Three Chapters, the famous dispute concerning,

832.

Thundering Legion, the story concerning, of sus-
picious veracity, 220.

Tiberius is adopted by Augustus, 29, 30. Reduces
the Pannonians, 41. Reduces Cappadocia, 65,
note. Suspicious story of his edict in favour of
the christians, 220.

Tiberius is invested by Justin II. as his successor
in the empire of the east, 785. His character
and death, 785, 786.

Timasius, master general of the army under the
emperor Theodosius, is disgraced and exiled
under Arcadius, 532.

Timothy the Cat, conspires the murder of Prote-
rius, archbishop of Alexandria, and succeeds
him, 829.

Tipasa, miraculous gift of speech bestowed on the
catholics, whose tongues had been cut out there,
615.

Tiridates, king of Armenia, his character, and
history, 146. Is restored to his kingdom by
Diocletian, ib. Is expelled by the Persians, 147.
Is restored again by treaty between the Romans
and Persians, 150. His conversion to christi-
anity, and death, 265, 266.

Titus admitted to share the imperial dignity with
his father Vespasian, 30.

Togrul Beg, sultan of the Turks, his reign and
character, 1056. He rescues the caliph of Bag-
dad from his enemies, 1057.

Toledo taken by the Arabs under Tarik, 965.
Toleration, universal, its happy effects in the

Roman empire, 12. What sects the most in-
tolerant. 81, note.

Tellus, objections to his account of the vision of
Antigonus, 296, note.

Torismond, son of Theodoric, king of the Visi-
goths, attends his father against Attila king of
the Huns, 571. Battle of Chalons, 57%. Is ac-
knowledged king on the death of his father in the
field, 573. Is killed by his brother Theodoric,
582.
Terture, how admitted in the criminal law of the
Romans under the emperors. 251.
Totila is elected king of Italy by the Goths, 731.
His justice and moderation, 735. Besieges and
takes the city of Rome, 736. Is induced to spare
Rome from destruction, at the instance of Beli-
sarius, 738. Takes Rome again, 740. Plunders
Sicily, ib. Battle of Tagina, 742. His death,
743.

Toulunides, the Saracen dynasty of, 991.
Tournaments preferable exhibitions to the Olympic
games, 1075.

Tours, battle of, between Charles Martel and the
Saracens, 977.

Torandria, in Germany, is overrun and occupied
by the Franks, 284.
Traditors, in the primitive church, who, 227.
Trajan, emperor, his conquest of Dacia, 3. His
conquests in the east, ib. Contrast between the
characters of him and Hadrian, ib. His pillar
described, 19. Why adopted by the emperor
Nerva, 30. His instructions to Pliny the younger
for his conduct towards the christians, 214. De-

scription of his famous bridge over the Danube,
676, note.

Trajan, count, his treacherous murder of Para
king of Armenia, 409.
Transubstantiation, the doctrine of, when establish-
ed, 1103.

Trebizond, the city of, taken and plundered by the
Goths, 105. The dukes of, become independent
on the Greek empire, 1128. Is yielded to the
Turks, 1240.

Tribigild the Ostrogoth, his rebellion in Phrygia
against the emperor Arcadius, 533.
Tribune, the office of, explained, 26.
Tribonian, his genius and character, 76). Is em-
ployed by Justinian to reform the code of Ro-
man laws, ib.

Trinity, the mysterious doctrine of, 310. Is vio-
lently agitated in the schools of Alexandria, 312.
Three systems of, ib. Decisions of the council
of Nice concerning, 313. Different forms of the
doxology, 327. Frauds used to support the doc-
trine of, 614.

Tripoli, the confederacy of, cruelly oppressed un-
der the government of count Romanus, 405.
Trisagion, religious war concerning, 830.
Troops, Roman, their discipline. 4. When they
first received pay, 63. Cause of the difficulty in
levying them, 248. See Jovians, Palatines, and
Pratorian bands,

Troy, the situation of that city, and of the Grecian
camp of besiegers, described, 235.
Turin, battle of, between Constantine the Great
and the lieutenants of Maxentius, 167.
Turisund, king of the Gepida, his honourable re-
ception of Alboin the Lombard, who had slain
his son in battle, 780.

Turks, their origin, 717. Their primitive institu-
tions, ib. Their conquests, 718. Their alliance
with the emperor Justinian, 719. Send auxilia-
ries to Heraclius, 813.

- grow powerful and licentious under the
Saracens, 989. Terror excited by their menacing
Europe, 1021. Their military character, 1029.
They extend themselves over Asia, 1053. Reign
of Mahmud the Gaznevide, ib. Their manners
and emigration, 1055. They subdue Persia,
1056. Dynasty of the Seljukians, ib. They in-
vade the provinces of the Greek empire, 1058.
Reformation of the eastern calendar, 1061. They
conquer Asia Minor, 1062.

- their capital city, Nice, taken by the cru-
saders, 1080. The seat of government removed
to Iconium, 1091. Valour and conquests of
Zenghi, 1095. Character of sultan Noureddin,
1096. Conquest of Egypt, ib. Origin and
history of the Ottomans, 1171. Their first
passage into Europe, 1173. Their education
and discipline, 1193. Embassy from, to the em-
peror Sigismond, 1202. Take the city of Con-
stantinople, 1236.

Turpin, the romance of, by whom, and when writ-
ten, 1068, note.

Twelve Tables, review of the laws of, 753. Their
severity, 774. How the criminal code of, sunk
into disuse, ib.

Tyrants of Rome, the popular conceit of the thirty,
investigated, 109.

Tyre is besieged by Saladin, 1100.
Tythes assigned to the clergy as well by Zoroaster
as by Moses, 81, note. Were first granted to the
church by Charlemagne, 891.

V

Vadomar, prince of the Alemanni, is sent prisoner
to Spain by the emperor Julian, 337. His son
murdered by the Romans, 400.

Valens, general of the Illyrian frontier, receives
the title of Cæsar from Licinius, 172. Loses his
new title and his life, 173.

is

Valens, the brother of the emperor Valentinian, is
associated with him in the empire, 390. Obtains
from his brother the eastern portion of the em-
pire, ib. His timidity on the revolt of Proco-
pius, 392. His character, 394. Is baptized by
Eudoxus, and patronizes the Arians, 396.
vindicated from the charge of persecution, ib.
His edict against the Egyptian monks, 397. His
war with the Goths, 410. Receives the suppliant
Goths into the Roman territories, 424. His war
with them, 427. Is defeated and killed at the
battle of Hadrianople, 431. His eulogium by
Libanius, 432.

Valens, the Arian bishop of Mursa, his crafty pre-
tension to divine revelation, 318.

Valentia, a new province in Britain, settled by
Theodosius, 404.

Valentinian I. his election to the empire, and cha-
racter, 389. Associates his brother Valens with
him, 390. Divides the empire into the East and
West, and retains the latter, ib. His cruelty,
394. His civil institutions, ib. His edicts to
restrain the avarice of the clergy, 397. Chastises
the Alemanni, and fortifies the Rhine, 400. His
expedition to Illyricum, and death, 412. Is vin-
dicated from the charge of polygamy, 413.
Valentinian II. is invested with the imperial orna-
ments in his mother's arms, on the death of his
father, 413. Is refused by St. Ambrose the pri-
vilege of a church for him and his mother Jus-
tina, on account of their Arian principles, 449.
His flight from the invasion of Maximus, 451.
Is restored by the emperor Theodosius, 457. His
character, 458. His death, ib.
Valentinian III. is established emperor of the west,
by his cousin Theodosius the Younger, 545. Is
Committed to the guardianship of his mother
Placidia, 546. Flies, on the invasion of Italy by
Attila, 575. Sends an embassy to Attila to pur-
chase his retreat, 576. Murders the patrician
Atius, 578. Ravishes the wife of Petronius Max-
imus, ib. His death, and character, ib.

Valentinians, their confused ideas of the divinity |
of Jesus Christ, 819, note.

Valeria, empress, widow of Galerius, the unfor-
tunate fates of her and her mother, 171.
Valerian is elected censor under the emperor
Decius, 98. His elevation to the empire, and
his character, 101. Is defeated and taken pri-
soner by Sapor king of Persia, 107. His treat-
ment, 109. His inconsistent behaviour toward
the christians, 292.
Vandals. See Goths.

their successes in Spain, 547. Their expe-
dition into Africa under Genseric, ib. They
raise a naval force and invade Italy, 579. Sack
of Rome, 580. Their naval depredations on the
coast of the Mediterranean, 589. Their con-
version to the christian religion, 609. Persecu-
tion of the catholics, 612.

Vandals, expedition of Belisarius against Gelimer,
687. Conquest of, 692. Their name and distinc-
tion lost in Africa, 694. Remains of their nation
still found in Germany, 695.
Varanes. See Bahram.

Varangians of the north, origin and history of,
1026.

Varronian, the infant son of the emperor Jovian,
his history, 388.

Vataces, John, his long and prosperous reign at
Nice, 1132. 1135. His character, 1141.
Vegetius, his remarks on the degeneracy of the
Roman discipline at the time of Theodosius the
Great, 461.

Veii, the siege of that city, the æra of the Roman
army first receiving regular pay, 63.
Venice, foundation of that republic, 574. Its infant
state under the exarchs of Ravenna, 788. Its
growth and prosperity at the time of the fourth
crusade, 1113. Alliance with France, ib. Di-
vides the Greek empire with the French, 1125.
Veratius, his mode of obeying the law of the
twelve tables respecting personal insults, 773.
Verina, empress, the widow of Leo, deposes Zeno,
646. Her turbulent life, ib.

Verona, siege of, by Constantine the Great, 167.
Battle of, between Stilicho the Roman general,
and Alaric the Goth, 489.

Verres, why his punishment was inadequate to his
offences, 775.

Vespasian, his prudence in sharing the imperial
dignity with his son Titus, 30.

Vestals, Roman, their number and peculiar office,
462.

Vetranio, the Roman general in Illyricum, assumes
the purple, and enters into an alliance with the
Gaulish usurper Magnentius, 269. Is reduced
to abdicate his new dignity, 270.
Victoria exercises the government over the legions
and province of Gaul, 120.
Victory, her statue and altar, in the senate-house at
Rome, described, 463. The senate petitions the
christian emperors to have it restored, ib.
Vigilantius, the presbyter, is abused by Jerom for
opposing monkish superstition, 470, note.
Vigilius, interpreter to the embassy from Theodo-
sius the Younger to Attila, is privy to a scheme
for the assassination of Attila, 560. Is detected
by Attila, 564.

Vigilius purchases the papal chair of Belisarius
and his wife, 705. Instigates the emperor Jus-
tinian to resume the conquest of Italy, 740..
Vine, its progress, from the time of Homer, 21.
Virgil, his fourth eclogue interpreted into a pro-
phecy of the coming of the Messiah, 298. Is the
most ancient writer who mentions the manufac-
ture of silk, 668.
Vitalian, the Gothic chief, is treacherously mur-
dered at Constantinople, 659.
Vitalianus, prætorian præfect under the emperor
Maximin, put to death by order of the senate, 71.
Vitellius, emperor, his character, 32.

Vitiges, general of the barbarians under Theodatus
king of Italy, is by his troops declared king of
Italy, 701. He besieges Belisarius in Rome, ib.
Is forced to raise the siege, 707. He is besieged
by Belisarius in Ravenna, 709. Is taken pri-
soner in Ravenna, 710. Conforms to the Atha-
nasian faith, and is honourably settled in Asia, ib.
His embassy to Chosroes king of Persia, 723.
Vitruvius, the architect, his remarks on the build-
ings of Rome, 509.

Visir, derivation of that appellation, 917, note.
Ukraine, description of that country, 97.
Uldin, king of the Huns, reduces and kills Gainas
the Goth, 536. Is driven back by the vigilance
of the imperial ministers, 540.
Ulphilas, the apostle of the Goths, his pious labours,
609. Propagated Arianism, 611.
Ulpian, the lawyer, placed at the head of the coun-
cil of state, under the emperor Alexander Seve-
rus, 60. Is murdered by the prætorian guards,62.
Voconian law abolished the right of female in-
heritance, 770. How evaded, 772.

Voltaire prefers the labarum of Constantine to the
angel of Licinius, 296, note. His reflections on
the expenses of a siege, 644, note.

Vortigern, king of South Britain, his invitation of
the Saxons for assistance against his enemies,
636.

Vouti, emperor of China, his exploits against the
Huns, 420.

Upsal, anciently famous for its Gothic temple, 96.
Urban II. pope, patronizes Peter the Hermit in
his project for recovering the Holy Land, 1067.
Exhorts the people to a crusade, at the council
of Clermont, 1068.

Urban V. pope, removes the papal court from
Avignon to Rome, 1268.

Urban VI. pope, his disputed election, 1269.
Ursacius, master of the offices under the emperor
Valentinian, occasions a revolt of the Alemanni
by his parsimony, 399.

Ursicinus, a Roman general, his treacherous con-
duct to Sylvanus in Gaul, 279. Is superseded
in his command over the eastern provinces, 284.
Is sent back again to conduct the war with Persia
under Sabinian, ib. Is again disgraced, ib.
Ursini, history of the Roman family of, 1257.
Ursulus, treasurer of the empire under Constan-
tius, unjustly put to death by the tribunal of
Chalcedon, 344.

Usury. See Interest of money.

W

Walachians, the present, descendants from the
Roman settlers in ancient Dacia, 117, note.
Wales is settled by British refugees from Saxon
tyranny, 638, 639. The bards of, 640.
Wallia is chosen king of the Goths, 526. He re-
duces the barbarous invaders of Spain, ib. Is
settled in Aquitain, ib.

War and robbery, their difference, 905. Evolu-
tions and military exercise of the Greeks, 1006.
Military character of the Saracens, 1007. Of
the Franks and Latins, 1008.
Warburton, bishop of Gloucester, his literary
character, 357, note. His labours to establish
the miraculous interruption to Julian's building
the temple of Jerusalem, 358, notes.
Warna, battle of, between the sultan Amurath
II. and Ladislaus, king of Hungary and Poland,
1218.

Werdan, the Greek general, defeated by the Sara-
cens at Aiznadin, 943.

Wheat, the average price of, under the successors
of Constantine the Great, 367, note.
Whitaker, Mr. remarks on his account of the Irish
descent of the Scottish nation, 403, note.
White, Mr. Arabic professor at Oxford, character
of his sermons at Bampton's lecture, 977, note.

Wilfrid, the apostle of Sussex, his benevolent
establishment at Selsey, 639.
William I. the Bad, king of Sicily, 1051.
William II. the Good, king of Sicily, 1051.
Windmills, the use of, from whence derived, 1137.
Wine, the use of, expressly prohibited by Maho-
met, 915.

Wisdom of Solomon, when, and by whom, that
book was written, 309.

Wolodomir, great prince of Russia, marries Anne,
daughter of the emperor Romanus, 1004. His
conversion to christianity, 1031.

Women, in hereditary monarchies, allowed to
exercise sovereignty, though incapable of subor-
dinate state offices, 60. How treated by the
Roman civil laws, 766. The Voconian law,
how evaded, 772. Are not excluded from pa-
radise by Mahomet, 916.

Zabergan invades the eastern empire with an army
of Bulgarians, 746. Is repulsed by Belisarius,
747.

Zachary, pope, pronounces the deposition of Chil-
deric, king of France, and the appointment of
Pepin to succeed him, 884.

Zano, brother of Gelimer the Vandal usurper,
conquers Sardinia. 691. Is recalled to assist his
brother, ib. Is killed, ib.

Zara, a city on the Sclavonian coast, reduced by
the crusaders for the republic of Venice, 1115.
Zenghi, sultan, his valour and conquests, 1095.
Zeno, emperor of the east, receives a surrender of
the imperial government of the western empire
from the senate of Rome, 599. The vicissitudes
of his life and reign, 646. His Henoticon, 829.
Zenobia, queen of Palmyra, her character and
history, 120.

Zingis, first emperor of the Moguls and Tartars,
parallel between him and Attila, king of the
Huns, 554. His proposal for improving his
conquests in China, 557. His birth and early
military exploits, 1164. His laws, 1165. His
invasion of China, ib. Carisme, Transoxiana,
and Persia, 1166. His death, 1167.
Zizais, a noble Sarmatian, is made king of that
nation by the emperor Constantius, 281.
Zobeir, the Saracen, his bravery in the invasion of
Africa, 959.

Zoe, first the concubine, becomes the fourth wife,
of the emperor Leo the philosopher, 859.
Zoe, wife of Romanus 1II. and Michael IV.
emperors, 863.

Zoroaster, the Persian prophet, his high antiquity,
79, note. Abridgment of his theology, ib. Pro-
vides for the encouragement of agriculture, 80.
Assigns tythes to the priests, 81, note.
Zosimus, his representation of the oppression of the
lustral contribution, 255.

Zuinglius, the Reformer, his conceptions of the
Eucharist, 1018.

Zurich, brief history of that city, 1246.