4 scattering. In the house, 182 for Mr. S., 87 scattering. GOVERNOR.-Mr. Lincoln was reelected governor for the year 1829, by a large majority. The legislature convened on the 27th May, 1829. Samuel Lathrop was chosen president of the senate, and William B. Calhoun speaker of the house of representatives; Mr. C. receiving 431 out of 432. The legislature of Massachusetts was, on the 12th of June, 1829, prorogued by the governor, at the request of the two houses, to the first Wednesday in January next. Twentyseven acts have been passed during the session, nearly all of which are of a private character. The most important act is that which levies a state tax of 75,000 dollars, to be assessed in proportion to the property owned by each person on the first of May last, it being the first direct tax which has been laid since the year 1824. In the mean time the small amount of funds which belonged to the state has been expended, for defraying the balance of the ordinary charges of the government, after applying to this object the produce of the indirect taxes, and a small debt has been accumulated. A resolve was passed by both houses, requesting the Directors of Internal Improvement to make a further report of such information as they may procure, and which they may judge useful, in relation to the proposed rail roads, at the next session of the legislature. A In 1829 there were 235 incorporated manufactories in this state. large proportion of them manufacture cotton, wool, and iron; besides these there are incorporated companies for the manufacture of glass, hats, leather, wire, files, lead, duck, pins, soap-stone, cordage, salt, calico, brass, copper, lace, umbrellas, linen, hose, ale and beer, type, cotton gins, cards, glass bottles, paper, lead pipe, &c. The oldest incorporation is in 1794, of a woollen manufactory in Newburyport. LOWELL. Twelve hundred females between the ages of 12 and 30 were employed in 1828 in the cotton factories in this place. In July, 1828, seven mills were in operation, and in which there were manufactured weekly over 125,000 yards of cotton cloth; two more mills were ready to receive their machinery when it should be completed; two more were being erected, together with a large building for a carpet factory. LACE.-There is a lace establishment at Ipswich, Mass. in which 500 persons are employed, principally young ladies, and it is the only estab lishment of the kind in the United States, where lace is manufactured from the thread. APPLETON COMPANY.-This Company was incorporated in 1828, with a capital of $500,000. Since 1828, there has been erected two mills for 4.000 spindles each, with looms, &c.; thirty-six three-story dwelling houses, and a house for the agent, all of brick. SALT. By returns made from the several towns in the county of Barnstable, Nov. 1828, to the collector of Barnstable district, it appears that 384,254 bushels of salt have been made in that county the present year -59,198 feet of works have also been built. The largest quantity was made in the town of Yarmouth, being 61,050 bushels. It is estimated that the total surface of vats in New Bedford and neighbourhood amounts to 1,800,000 square feet. The cost, including the land, is one dollar per foot. From five to six hundred thousand bushels of salt are annually produced, the value of which is at least two hundred thousand dollars. The fixtures constitute not far from four fifths, and labour one fifth the expense of manufacturing. BOSTON. The population of Boston, by the census of the U. States, in 1820, was 43,298-by the census taken by the city, in 1825, it was 58,277, making an increase in the five years of 14,979, or annual gain of ncarly 7 per centum. The number of deaths in the year 1822, giving the population at the increase, was 1,203, or 2 per centum nearly. In the year 1826 the deaths amounted to 1,259, or about 2 per centum on the whole number. In other words, Boston, with a population of over 60,000 inhabitants, in 1826, lost no more by deaths than when it contained 50,000 inhabitants in 1822. ACCIDENT.-On the 30th April, 1828, a large number of persons who had collected on a platform, to witness the ceremony of laying the corner stone of a new Methodist church, about to be erected in Boston, were precipitated into the cellar of the proposed building, in consequence of the breaking of one of the beams that supported the structure, whereby sixty persons were wounded, from twenty to twenty-five of whom being very much hurt, and three or four dangerously. MONIED INSTITUTIONS.-In 1829 there were 16 banks in the city of Boston, having an entire capital of $15,050,000, and upon which the dividend declared was $853,625. The amount of paper discounted was $85,362,996. The Marine Insurance Company had a capital of $900,000, and the amount of dividend declared was $45,000. The Fire and Marine Insurance had a capital of $4,600,000, and the amount of dividend declared was $398,900. FINANCES. From a report of the receipts and expenditures of Boston for the year 1828, it appears that the amount of the city debt, May 1, 1827, was $1,011,775, and that May, 1, 1828, it was $949,350. This was further reduced within the year 1829 to $637,256, after deducting from this sum $267,806.76, the amount of bonds and notes held by the city. This debt was chiefly caused by the late valuable improvements made, which yield a large revenue to aid in extinguishing the debt, and which are estimated to be worth $707,000. Jan. 3, 1829.-Josiah Quincy, af ter a most energetic and prosperous administration of the municipal affairs of Boston for six years, took his leave of the corporation. Harrison Gray Otis, after Mr. Quincy withdrew from the canvass, was elected mayor, having received 2,970 out of 4,546 votes. VERMONT. October, 1827.-The legislature met at Montpelier on Thursday the 11th instant, when Robert H. Bates, Esq. was chosen speaker, Timothy Merrill, Esq. clerk of the house, and Norman Williams, Esq. secretary of State. For governor, Ezra Butler received 13,699 votes, and Henry Olin 9,416 for lieutenant-governor. Both were therefore declared to be duly elected. The following resolution passed the house of representatives in Vermont, on the 31st October, 164 to 33: Resolved, That in the opinion of this house, the policy adopted by the present administration of the general government, is well calculated to promote the permanent prosperity of the nation, and is approved by the people 799 vention was held at the capitol. An address was submitted by it to the people, and an electoral ticket was agreed upon. A meeting of the friends of the administration was held at the same time, in which resolutions were passed expressive of the sense of the meeting. 147 206 There are 817 horses exempted, as cavalry horses, and 7,072 militia polls, other than those equipped, exempted. The list is to show the taxable property and persons of the state, at the rate of assessment provided by law, which gives no idea of the real value, unless in some cases. May, 1828.-A destructive fire in the woods in Washington county destroyed a great quantity of timber, and many buildings, &c. In June, 1828, a convention was held at Montpelier, in pursuance to a call of the board of censors, who had been previously appointed to revise and propose amendments to the constitution of the state. The principal amendments proposed were, to abolish the council, and to establish in lieu of it a senate, which should have concurrent power with the house in originating and passing laws. It has been heretofore contended for by some, and decided by the house of representatives, that the council only had power to concur in the passage of bills, or to propose amendments to them; and that if the council refuses to do either of these things, that the bill became a law by being passed again by the house at the ensuing session, without being sent to council. The council before consisted of twelve councillors, elected by general ticket or by the state at large. In their room it was now proposed to have twentyeight senators, elected by districts. It was also proposed to amend the constitution relative to the naturalization of foreigners, so that the law of the state should conform to the law of the United States. The convention, after having continued in session two or three days, adjourned, having adopted none of the proposed amendments, except that which related to naturalization. In the same month a Jackson con- October, 1828.-The legislature convened at Montpelier, and upon the votes being counted, it was declared that the Hon. Samuel C. Crafts was elected governor, and the Hon. Henry Olin, lieutenant governor, for the year ensuing. These gentlemen received a large majority of the votes. The former representatives to congress were re-elected by a large majority, with the exception of Mr. Wales, who was succeeded by Horace Everett, and of Mr. Buck, who was succeeded by William Cahoon. 3* During the session of the legislature an attempt was made to pass a law for the abolishment of imprisonment for debt, but the attempt was unsuccessful. A resolution was also passed approving of the policy of the administration of president Adams. In November the election of electors of the president and vice president took place. The Adams ticket received 25,363 votes, and the Jackson ticket 8350. In the summer of 1829, another Jackson convention met at Montpelier, and nominated Mr. Doolittle as candidate for the office of governor, and Mr. Fitch for that of lieutenant governor. In August, 1829, an Anti-Masonic convention was held at Montpelier. This convention nominated Heman Allen, former minister to Chili, as candidate for governor, and also nominated a candidate for the office of lieutenant governor, and proposed a ticket of councillors. A committee was also appointed to prepare and submit an address to the people. In September the election of state officers took place. Of the votes for governor, Mr. Crafts received about 14,000, Mr. Allen about 7,000, and Mr. Doolittle about 3,000 The legislature convened in October, and after a session of about three weeks adjourned. The only law of importance passed was one modifying the militia law, rendering it necessary by statute for the militia to turn out only once a year. FIFTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT. -One of the most obstinate elections that has occurred in this state, agitated this district during the last year. At the September election, 1828, three different candidates were run for congress; one by the Jackson party, one by the Anti-Masonic party, and one by those opposed to both these parties. After various attempts, and after the contest had assumed different aspects, from starting new candidates, a choice was at last made in November, 1829, at the eighth trial, of the Anti-Masonic candidate, by a majority of 1,069 votes over his competitor. EDUCATION.-There are two colleges, two medical schools, and about twenty incorporated academies in the state. In the University of the state, at Burlington, a new course of instruction has been adopted, by which it is left optional with the student to pursue what studies he pleases; but who is only to receive a certificate of his acquirements, unless he goes through with what is styled the full course, which includes the study of the ancient languages, in addition to the modern. Each town is also divided into school districts, in which schools are usually open from three to six months in a year. SALT.-A company has been formed and incorporated for the purpose of boring for salt at Montpelier. Many thought salt could be obtained there as well as in the western states, and it was concluded to make the experiment. An individual acquainted with the business was procured from Ohio, and the distance penetrated through solid rock is already between seven and nine hundred feet. BANKS.-There are nine banks in this state. According to the report of the inspector, dated April 1, 1828, it appears that the banks in operation at that time had paid in $370,616 capital stock; that they had on hand in specie and specie funds, $674,904.27, and were authorized by their charters to circulate bills to the amount of $1,188,498.88, but had in circulation only $949,844.53. STATE PRISON.-The number of convicts in the prison on the first of October, 1827, was 134; on the first of October, 1828, it was 123. The convicts are chiefly employed in weaving cotton goods by hand looms, and 180,000 yards were woven during the last year. The disbursements of the prison for the year ending September 30, 1829, exceeded the income received from it, by the sum of $652.08. TREASURY.-From the auditor's report for the year ending 30th September, 1829, it appears that the receipts and expenditures were as follows: Cash applied to School Fund, Balance in the treasury, 8,060 00 7,809 32 Total. $59.492 05 COPPERAS.-An extensive mine of the sulphuret of iron, from which the first quality of copperas is obtained, was discovered a few years since on Mill River, in the township of Shrewsbury, by a Mr. Robinson, who sold the same to the Vermont Mineral Factory Company, for the sum of $5,000. This Company, residing principally in Boston, have been engaged in the manufacture of copperas for twenty-five years past, at Strafford, in the same state. They commenced the manufacture of copperas in Shrewsbury, 1828, and in July, 1829, were manufacturing about a ton and a half per day, and it was estimated would be able to manufacture enough to supply the United States. IRON.-Iron of an excellent quality has been discovered in Milton, near Lake Champlain, and also in some other parts of the state. COMMERCE.-There was exported from the state, during the year 1828, by the Champlain canal, 70 millions sup. feet sawed timber, 14 millions of cubic feet of round and square timber, 1,159 tons of bar and round iron, 98 pig iron, 161 iron ore, 38 nails, 523 whiskey, 84 pork, 346 lime, 69 beef, 322 marble, 153 wool, 14 corn, 52 flour, 201 wheat, 50 beans, 102 rye, 116 cheese, 89 butter, 112 ashes, 45 manganese, 17 staves, 290 hoop poles and hoops, and other articles. RHODE ISLAND. Legislature appropriated $10,000 annually for the support of common schools, to be divided among the several towns in proportion to the popu lation, with authority for each town to raise by annual tax, double the amount of their proportion of the $10,000. The number of schools established under the act are estimated at 60, and the whole number of schools in the state probably exceeds 650. BLACKSTONE CANAL.-The canal was opened in October 1828, and the first packet boat arrived at Worcester from Providence with a cargo of canal commissioners, salt, corn, and a throng of ladies and gentlemen. The canal is 45 miles long, its breadth 18 feet at bottom, and 34 upon the surface of the water. October, 1828. BORING FOR WATER.-Mr. Horton, a gentleman engaged in boring for water in Providence, has presented to the public the following results. In his second experiment he selected the extreme point of a wharf, many yards from He bored first the original land. through the artificial soil, then through a stratum of mud, then through bog meadow, containing good peat, then through sand, peb |