tending court, they are going in earlier now an hour once a week for a key class, they don't have time to spend with their own children and their own families, but they, you know, several of them, do that can fit it in but it is hard.

Mr. MACHEN. Let me ask, how long has your husband been with the Police Department?

Mrs. ABBOTT. 11 years this June.

Mr. MACHEN. I am not trying to put you on the spot but in your conversations, in your associations, with the members of your group, is there a feeling among the wives for one reason or the other the impression I get from many of the business communities and the bus drivers and the others, as we say, that the hands of the police are fettered in carrying out their duties?

Mrs. ABBOTT. In certain cases. I mean it is hard to pin-point.

Mr. MACHEN. You think that has increased recently in recent years more than in the past or has it been the practice and policy in the past?

Mrs. ABBOTT. It has been increasing. But during the riots I had asked my husband about, if he was held back in any way and he said "heck, no." His captain said "get out there and get them, lock them up if they are breaking the law.

But the men aren't backed up when they go to court. That is where a lot of the problem is. They go in there with the cases but they are not backed up in the courts.

Mr. MACHEN. Spare the rod and spoil the child.

Mrs. ABBOTT. Yes, sir.

Mr. MACHEN. I appreciate it very much.

Mr. Dowdy. I think somebody said if a policeman makes an arrest the attacker will be released before the person attacked can get to the hospital, and the policeman will be in court Monday morning facing charges brought against him for making the arrest.

Mrs. ABBOTT. That is more of the truth.

Mr. Dowdy. Thank you for a fine statement.

Next we have from the Government Printing Office the Chairman of the Chapel Chairmen and others. All of you who are here from the Government Printing Office, come around and have these chairs. Who is to be the spokesman?

STATEMENT OF CHARLES F. HINES, PRESIDENT, COLUMBIA TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION, ACCOMPANIED BY BRONIUS LIOGYS; DAVID BRINKMAN; JAMES G. SHIRLEN, SR.; DONALD C. TAYLOR, VICE PRESIDENT; LAWRENCE ROCHON, CHAIRMAN, GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE CHAIRMAN'S CHAPEL; GORDON W. LANDES, NIGHT WORKER; JOSEPH R. URBAN, NIGHT EMPLOYEE; DARWIN E. SPINKS, NIGHT LINO CHAIRMAN; DONALD ROSENLUND, CHAIRMAN, PROOF ROOM CHAPEL

Mr. HINES. Charles F. Hines. I am President of Columbia Typographical Union.

Mr. DOWDY. All right.

If you will in some way identify the others here.
Mr. HINES. Yes.

I will identify the gentleman immediately on my right as the vice president, Donald Taylor. He works at the U.S. Government Printing Office, and is vice president of our union which represents 4,500 members from the District of Columbia, 1,800 of whom are employees of the United States Government Printing Office proper.

And to my left is Larry Rochon, who is Chairman of the Chairman's Chapel, United States Government Printing Office which represents 25 chapels of approximately 1,800 men of the Typographical Union employed in the Government Printing Office.

I will have Mr. Rochon identify the others. Because of these 4,500 members, I don't recognize all their faces.

Mr. ROCHON. The gentleman to my left is Gordon Landes, the gentlemen to his left are Joe Urban, Darwin Spinks, Don Rosenlund, James Shirlen, David Brinkman, and Bonius Liogys.

Mr. HINES. I will lead off, representing the Columbia Typographical Union, which as I said represents 4,500 members of Columbia Typographical Union. It is a local and an affiliate of the International Typographical Union, AFL-CIO. We have approximately 1,800 members that are employed in the U.S. Government Printing Office and who work around the clock in the publication of government documents, the Congressional Record and the like.

This is what they are hired for and this is what they take pride in their work in doing.

We have been brought under considerable fire over the past several years in what we term our pay that we receive from the United States Government Printing Office, we now term that combat pay. It is worth your life and limb to go to work on the streets of Washington to and from the Government Printing Office.

We sincerely sympathize with the previous speaker, the lady that represents the wives of the District Policemen, and we sympathize more wholeheartedly with the life of the District Policeman in this area. Personally, I wouldn't have one of those jobs if they paid $50,000 a year, because of the lack of cooperation they get from the courts in this area.

A policeman himself literally is wasting his time when he makes arrests, and then they are turned loose before he ever gets back to his precinct to report off duty. We think it is a disgrace to the Nation's Capital that such actions are allowed to go on.

Myself, I was born and raised in the City of Washington 44 years ago. I resided in this city until I was about 21 or 22 years of age and took great pride in being able to say that I was one of the original members of the City of Washington. People don't readily admit to the fact that they were born in the District of Columbia any more. We more or less take this as-we have to look down when we say this to people, because it is a disgrace at the way the District of Columbia Government has been allowed to go on.

We think, we thought, that the appointment of a District Council by the President and to maybe start a fresh slate would be the area in which the City of Washington could grow. We think just the opposite has happened. In fact my own personal opinion, and many members of our Union, when we saw some of the members who were appointed to that City Council, we had grave reservations about the quality of the people that were put on there. We call them bleeding hearts. Most of these people are good, substantial citizens of the City of Washington

and this area, but their attitudes on crimes and the law enforcement agencies in the City of Washington differ from the average working

man.

The average working man looks on a policeman as something with honor. He thinks that he should be looked upon as a leader and a protector of his rights. Instead of that they look upon him as a sad state of affairs because his hands are tied every time he makes an arrest.

I won't linger on that subject any longer although I could talk on it for hours. I think, like I say, it is a disgrace.

The crime problem that we are interested in, particularly, is within the printing industries of Washington. There are three major branches, the newspaper industry, the booking job or commercial industry, and the United States Government Printing Office.

Some of the gentlemen that I have here with me today are victims of the assaults, armed robberies, and acts of physical violence, vandalism and so forth, and we could crowd this court room or this hearing room with many of these people but I will tell you, it is a hard thing to get most of them to show up because they say "what's the use. All we are going to do is going to do a long big round of talks and nothing is going to be done" and this is the general attitude of the public in the City of Washington, particularly with our members working in the Government Printing Office, and he says "au, what the hell," and it is a true statement of fact.

We have sent and you have on record, Congressman Broyhill has been very cooperative with us, Congressman Machen, Senator Brewster, Senator Byrd from West Virginia, we have appeared before them several weeks ago, and we have a telegram that we sent to the President of the United States on May 21, 1968, Senator Carl Hayden, Senate Committee on Appropriations and also the Printing Committee of the Congress of the U.S. Representative John McMillan, the Attorney General of the U.S., Ramsey Clark, Mayor Walter Washington, Representative Burleson, Representative Broyhill, and the Public Printer, James L. Harrison, and I will read that and then give it to you for the record.

I have another letter I would like to read into the record, which is more up to date, and I don't think Congressman Broyhill has one, he may have one. This was addressed to me by the Executive Director of the Printing Industry of Washington, Miss Doris Hall.

(The telegram and letter as read by Mr. Hines are as follows:)

LYNDON B. JOHNSON, President.

[Telegram]

MAY 21, 1968.

Senator ALAN BIBLE, Chairman, Committee of the District of Columbia,
Senator CARL HAYDEN, Chairman, Committee on Appropriations.
Representative JOHN J. MCMILLAN, District of Columbia Committee,
RAMSEY CLARK, Attorney General of the United States.

Mayor WALTER WASHINGTON, District Building, Washington, D.C.
Representatives OMAR BURLESON and JOEL T. BROYHILL.
JAMES L. HARRISON, Public Printer.

Your immediate attention is requested on the subject of police protection for approximately 7,800 employes of the U.S. Government Printing Office, of which 1,800 are member of the Union that I represent. There is not a day or night that goes by that one of our loyal Government Printing Office employes isn't mugged, yoked, beaten, stabbed or robbed or damage done to personal property all due to

the lack of proper, legal protection. As taxpaying citizens of the United States and voting residents representing each and every State and the District of Columbia, we demand immediate protection from this sort of violence. As government employes, as taxpayers, as voting members of the United States, these people are entitled to protection and we demand what they are legally entitled to. The Public Printer of the United States, through his good office, has repeatedly requested more police protection. The situation is getting worse and we are getting tired of excuses. The members of my Union are loyal employes, but they are now fed up to the chin with talk, promises and bleeding hearts. If the police cannot handle this problem, then the Armed Forces of the United States should be brought in to patrol at least a 12 block area surrounding the Printing Office. As you are well aware, the GPO is a 24 hour operation and I am very apprehensive as to whether the printing of the U.S. Government will be done on time each and every day if present conditions are allowed to continue another day. I repeat, we need immediate attention to the protection of our lives and property.

CHARLES F. HINES, President, Columbia Typographical Union No. 101.

PRINTING INDUSTRY OF WASHINGTON, D.C., INC.,

Mr. CHARLES F. HINES,
President, Columbia Typographical Union No. 101,
Washington, D.C.

May 31, 1968.

DEAR CHARLIE: We thought that you and your Union members would be interested to know that the Association has sent the following letter to Mayor Washington, Police Chief Layton, the members of the Senate and House District Committees and the Metropolitan Washington Board of Trade:

"The printing industry is Washington's largest manufacturing industry. We employ over 7,500 employees, with an annual payroll topping 55 million dollars. We are proud of the industry's contribution to the economic well being of the Washington area.

"Our members are increasingly concerned with the lawlessness and vandalism to which they and their employees are subjected. There have been numerous payroll robberies and an alarming escalation in the theft of office equipment and of broken windows. Our employers and their employees have been brutally beaten and robbed.

"A great many of our members employ night shift and lobster shift employees and it is becoming increasingly difficult to persuade employees, especially women, to work these night-time hours.

"We would urge that immediate steps be taken to provide adequate police protection for the property of the business concerns in this area and to assure the safety of the employees. The current lawlessness will only accelerate the removal of our member plants out of the District of Columbia."

Kindest regards.

Sincerely,

DORIS T. HALL, Executive Director.

Mr. HINES. We have within a year lost considerable business in the District of Columbia in the commercial printing plants, newspaper lineage has gone down and the Government Printing Office employees are losing not just business but personal possessions and sometimes eyes, through acts of physical violence.

We have facing us today the move of many, many small printing businesses in the City of Washington that are moving to the suburbs because of the lawlessness going on in the District of Columbia.

One firm, for example, has a print shop up around 18th and Kalorama Road. They call this area a ghetto. I was born and raised in Washington. This was one of the finest neighborhoods in the city. This shop has a woman that works, one woman that I know of personally, who works the night-time hours. They have a special arrangement with

the Police Department to pick her up at a quarter of an hour when she quits, and pick her up in a police car and escort her to the bus stop because she is afraid to walk one and a half to two blocks to the bus stop because of fear of life or rape or assault or what have you. I think that is a disgrace.

Mr. Dowdy. If I might interrupt, we have had the same problem here on Capitol Hill with our secretaries, providing escorts from their offices to their parked cars.

Mr. HINES. Yes, sir, I know you do and it is a real shame.

We have, in the booking job industry our payrolls have, decreased considerably to the members that I represent and it is because the customer, the printing buyer, will not come down into the City of Washington itself, where the majority of those shops are located, for fear of being robbed himself in broad daylight. Many of our acts of violence around these places take place at night, but there are also a great number that take place in the day time.

The policeman, trying to block this, he does his best, but there are just not enough of them.

We back the aid of Congress in trying to get more jobs for the police but we think when they speak about enacting laws to help the police. I think we have enough laws on the books of the United States now, if they would just apply them and have the courts back them up, and I think it is a crime that some of the Federal judges that we have in the judiciary system of this country, are allowed to sit on the benches when, in my opinion, many are incompetent or just indifferent to what is going on around them, and I think that the time has come that the President and the Senate and Congress of the United States start looking into this problem and see what we can do about removing a few of these gentlemen if they don't start doing the job.

We have around the Government Printing Office which we are principally here for today, many, many condemned buildings. These buildings are, in our opinion, just sitting there being used as a haven for the criminal and the thug who just wants to prey on the decent working man coming and going into the Government Printing Office.

The Public Printer has done, I think, everything that he can do, but we believe that the Redevelopment Land Agency ought to acquire immediately all of the surrounding land to the Government Printing Office, tear the buildings down and to make parking lots available to the employees of the Government Printing Office until we can have built a public parking area for the employees of the Post Office which is right up the street, which is just as much in trouble as we are at the Government Printing Office and for the employees of the Government Printing Office.

We appreciate and can wholeheartedly back Representative Broyhill and many of the other fine representatives that we have, Representative Machen, at whose request we are here today, he asked us; to appear and for which we are very thankful and we congratulate them on their efforts to have Congress appropriate enough money to build places for our people to park so that they don't have to worry about going back and forth to work.

Through the efforts and many other fine Congressmen in the House and the Senate, we have been given the right to use approximately 550 to 600 parking spaces at night in the House and Senate Office