54 SEC. 114. LEGISLATIVE MANUAL AND FORM BOOK. MISCONDUCT IN OFFICE-CORRUPT PRACTICES. Laws shall be made to exclude from office, serving on juries, and from the right of suffrage, persons convicted of bribery, perjury, forgery, malfeasance in office, or other high crimes. The privilege of free suffrage shall be supported by laws regulating elections, and prohibiting, under adequate penalties, all undue influence thereon from power, bribery, tumult, or other improper practice. (Constitution, art. XX, sec. 11.) SEC. 115. ELECTION BY PLURALITY-MUNICIPAL REGULATIONS. A plurality of the votes given at any election shall constitute a choice where not otherwise directed in this Constitution; provided, that it shall be competent in all charters of cities, counties or cities and counties framed under the authority of this Constitution to provide the manner in which their respective elective officers may be elected and to prescribe a higher proportion of the vote therefor; and provided, also, that it shall be competent for the Legislature by general law to provide the manner in which officers of municipalities organized or incorporated under general laws may be elected and to prescribe a higher proportion of the vote therefor. (Constitution, art. XX, sec. 13.) SEC. 116. STATE BOARD OF HEALTH. The Legislature shall provide, by law, for the maintenance and efficiency of a state board of health. (Constitution, art. XX, sec. 14.) SEC. 117. MECHANICS' LIENS. Mechanics, materialmen, artisans, and laborers of every class shall have a lien upon the property upon which they have bestowed labor or furnished material, for the value of such labor done and material furnished; and the Legislature shall provide, by law, for the speedy and efficient enforcement of such liens. (Constitution, art. ̄ XX, sec. 15.) SEC. 118. TERM OF OFFICE WHEN NOT FIXED BY CONSTITUTION. When the term of any officer or commissioner is not provided for in this Constitution, the term of such officer or commissioner may be declared by law. *** (Constitution, art. XX, sec. 16.) SEC. 119. EIGHT-HOUR DAY ON PUBLIC WORK. The time of service of all laborers or workmen or mechanics employed upon any public works of the State of California, or of any county, city and county, city, town, district, township, or any other political subdivision thereof, whether said work is done by contract or otherwise, shall be limited and restricted to eight hours in any one calendar day, except in cases of extraordinary emergency caused by fire, flood, or danger to life and property, or except to work upon public, military, or naval works or defenses in time of war, and the Legislature shall provide by law that a stipulation to this effect shall be incorporated in all contracts for public work, and prescribe proper penalties for the speedy and efficient enforcement of said law. (Constitution, art. XX, sec. 17.) SEC. 120. MINIMUM WAGE FOR WOMEN AND MINORS. The Legislature may, by appropriate legislation, provide for the establishment of a minimum wage for women and minors and may provide for the comfort, health, safety and general welfare of any and all employees. No provision of this Constitution shall be construed as a limitation upon the authority of the Legislature to confer upon any commission now or hereafter created, such power and authority as the Legislature may deem requisite to carry out the provisions of this section. (Constitution, art. XX, sec. 174.) SEC. 121. WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION-LABOR DISPUTES. The Legislature may by appropriate legislation create and enforce a liability on the part of all employers to compensate their employees for any injury incurred by the said employees in the course of their employment, irrespective of the fault of either party. The Legislature may provide for the settlement of any disputes arising under the legislation contemplated by this section, by arbitration, or by an industrial accident board, by the courts, or by either any or all of these agencies, anything in this Constitution to the contrary notwithstanding. (Constitution, art. XX, sec. 21.) SEC. 122. THE RECALL. Every elective public officer of the State of California may be removed from office at any time by the electors entitled to vote for a successor of such incumbent, through the procedure and in the manner herein provided for, which procedure shall be known as the recall, and is in addition to any other method of removal provided by law. No recall petition shall be circulated or filed against any officer until he has actually held his office for at least six months; save and except it may be filed against any member of the State Legislature at any time after five days from the convening and organizing of the Legislature after his election. If at any recall election the incumbent whose removal is sought is not recalled, he shall be repaid from the State treasury any amount legally expended by him as expenses of such election, and the Legislature shall provide appropriation for such purpose, and no proceedings for another recall election of said incumbent shall be initiated within six months after such election. In the submission to the electors of any petition proposed under this article all officers shall be guided by the general laws of the State, except as otherwise herein provided. This article is self-executing, but legislation may be enacted to facilitate its operation, but in no way limiting or restricting the provisions of this article or the powers herein reserved. (Constitution, art. XXIII, sec. 1.) CHAPTER III. DRAFTING AND INTRODUCTION OF BILLS. CHAPTER CONTENTS. PART I. GENERAL CONSTITUTIONAL AND CODE PROVISIONS REGARDING BILL DRAFTING. Sec. 123. Construction of the Codes. (Political Code; Penal Code; Civil Code; Code of Civil Procedure.) Sec. 124. Provisions similar to laws existing at the time of the adoption of the codesHow construed. (Political Code; Code of Civil Procedure; Civil Code; Penal Code.) Sec. 125. Words and phrases. cedure.) (Political Code; Civil Code: Code of Civil Pro Sec. 126. Certain terms used in the codes defined. (Political Code; Civil Code; Code of Civil Procedure; Penal Code.) Sec. 127. Certain statutes preserved after the adoption of the codes. (Political Code; Penal Code.) Sec. 128. The Codes-How cited, etc. (Political Code; Civil Code; Code of Civil Procedure; Penal Code.) Sec. 129. Enacting clause. (Constitution.) Sec. 130. Origin and passage of bills. (Constitution.) Sec. 131. Title of laws-Revision and amendment. (Constitution.) Sec. 132. Local and special laws prohibited. (Constitution.) Sec. 133. Aid to lotteries prohibited. (Constitution.) Sec. 134. Effect of amendment. (Political Code.) Sec. 135. Construction of statutes. (Political Code.) Sec. 136. Repeal of statutes. (Political Code.) Sec. 137. Act repealed not revived by repeal of repealing act. (Political Code.) (Constitution.) PART II. DRAFTING OF APPROPRIATION OF BILLS. (Constitution.) Sec. 141. Appropriations, how made. (Constitution.) Sec. 144. Restriction on appropriations and grants of aid. (Constitution.) Sec. 146. Preparation of state budget-Controller to send out blanks to be filled by heads of departments. (Political Code.) Sec. 147. Same-Controller to send out blanks to Senators and members-elect of Legislature. (Political Code.) Sec. 148. Same-Claims against State to be filed with Controller. (Political Sec. 149. Same-Controller to furnish tabulated statement. (Political Code.) PART III. DRAFTING OF CODE SECTIONS AND GENERAL LAWS. Sec. 151. Code sections, how amended. (Senate rule.) Sec. 152. Form for bill adding new code section. Sec. 153. Form for bill amending an existing code section. Sec. 154. Form for bill repealing a code section. Sec. 155. Form of bill amending a general law. Sec. 156. Form for new general law. PART IV. DRAFTING OF CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS AND JOINT AND Sec. 158. Constitutional amendments, and joint and concurrent resolutions, how distinguished from bills. (Joint rule.) Sec. 159. Joint and concurrent resolutions distinguished. (Joint rule.) PART V. INTRODUCTION OF BILLS. (Joint rule.) Sec. 163. Use of word "bill." (Joint rule.) Sec. 168. Introduction of bills after constitutional recess. (Senate rule.) bly rule; Senate rule.) (Assem Sec. 170. Petition to be presented with a brief statement of contents. (Assembly rule.) Sec. 171. Introduction and first reading of bills, etc. (Form.) Sec. 172. Introduction of concurrent resolution. (Form.) Sec. 173. Request for introduction of bill. (Form.) Sec. 174. Report of Committee on Introduction of Bills. (Form.) Sec. 175. Withdrawal of bill. (Form.) PART I. GENERAL CONSTITUTIONAL AND CODE SEC. 123. CONSTRUCTION OF THE CODES. The rule of the common law that statutes in derogation thereof are to be strictly construed, has no application to these codes. The codes establish the law of this State respecting the subjects to which they relate, and their provisions and all proceedings under them are to be liberally construed, with a view to effect its objects and to promote justice. (Political Code, sec. 4; Civil Code, sec. 4; Code of Civil Procedure, sec. 4; Penal Code, sec. 4.) SEC. 124. PROVISIONS SIMILAR TO LAWS EXISTING AT THE TIME OF THE ADOPTION OF THE CODES, HOW CONSTRUED. The provisions of these codes, so far as they are substantially the same as statutes existing at the time of the enactment of the codes, must be construed as continuations thereof, and not as new enactments. (Political Code, sec. 5; Code of Civil Procedure, sec. 5; Civil Code, sec. 5; Penal Code, sec. 5.) SEC. 125. WORDS AND PHRASES. Words and phrases are construed according to the context and the approved usage of the language; but technical words and phrases, and such others as have acquired a peculiar and appropriate meaning in |