diminutives; Latin LUS; Moesogothic ILO, as barnilo, a little child; German männl, a little man. Among the Latin particles, which do not immediately resemble the Greek, we find (p. 176) AD, to; Moesogothic AT; as AT THUS, unto thee; at ist asans, adest messis. Hebrew aeth, at. Ов, for; Alemannic OBA, as oba guate, for good, Otfrid; Icelandic Ar in composition, as aflangt, oblong. PER, by; Icelandic FYRER, as fyrer hann, through him; German VER as verbleiben to remain, and in the sense of perversion, verbrauchen, to misuse. Ac, and; in Moesogothic AUK, whence AUCH, OG, OCK, EKE; we have also aukan, augeo, to eke; ak is but, as the Hebrew ach. AUT, or; Moesogothic AITHTHAU, related to other. ET, and; in Moesogothic ITH is autem, and is sometimes used for jah; and SED, but, may be SAET, Suiogothic, true, sooth, verum. VEL, or, may be connected with ELLA, Icelandic, otherwise; we should rather refer it to velis, if you will. The pronouns are next examined in their different cases (p. 189). EGO; Latin EGO; Moesogothic IK; Icelandic EG; Swedish JAG. EMOU, MOU; Latin MEI; Moesogothic MEINA; German MEINER, EMOI, MOI; Latin MIHI; Moesogothic MIS; Swedish MIG; Dutch MY. EME, ME; Latin ME; Moesogothic MIK; Anglosaxon ME: Dutch MY. Sü, Doric rü; Latin TU; Moesogothic THU. Is in Latin, Moesogothic is; EJUS, Moesogothic Is, Izos; ID, Moesogothic ITA, it; QUIS, CUJUS, CUI, QUEM; Moesogothic QUIIAS, QUHIS, QUHE, QUHANA, having the n, as the Greek HON; UTER, WHETHER; ALTER, resembles anthar, enthera of the North, meaning one of them, as Ihre has observed. EKEINOS; Moesogothic JAINS, or rather GAINS; Alemannic GENER; German JENER; English YoN; the Greek affords an etymology from Ekei there, and in this instance seems to have a claim to greater antiquity than the Gothic. The Moesogothic numerals obviously resemble the Greek and Latin. (p. 198). Deka has been derived from Deo, as if both hands were united it appears to us that there is still more resemblance between Pente and Panta, as if, all the five fingers; but Pente is very far from Cuig, which must be substituted for it in the Gaelic etymology of Deka. ER seems to The degrees of comparison are expressed in Greek by EROS and ISTOS; in Anglosaxon by ER or ERA and 1ST or ast. mean before, as the Latin OR. In Moesogothic the comparative termination is Izo or ozo; the superlative ISTS or ISTA: thus the Greek MEIZON IS MAIZO, and maist answers to megistos. The old megalos is mikils; and the Latin minor, minimus is minnizo, minnists; in Persian mih is great, mihter, greater, mihtras greatest. The Moesogothic verbs have also some striking resemblances in their form to the Latin (p. 208); thus the present tense is Haba, habais, habaith, habam, habaith, haband: habuit is habaida ; habens, habands; habentis, habandis; habentem, habandam; habentes, habandans; the AI always expressing the short E of the Greeks. The Goths had frequently a reduplicative augment in the preterite, as from faldan, to fold, faifalth from greitan, to weep, gaigrot, from tekan to take, taitok. The Moesogothic, Anglosaxon, and Islandic have a dual for the first and second second persons. The singular of the Greek substantive verb is EIMI, EIS, ESTI; the plural of the Latin SUMUS, ESTIS, SUNT; in Moesogothic IM, IS, IST; SIJUM, SIJUTH, SIND; ERAM, WARTH; ERO, WAIRTHAU; SIS, SIJAIS; ESSE, WISAN. Volo is wiljau; nolle, in Anglosaxon, nillan; and many other resemblances equally striking might easily be pointed out. We cannot better conclude this long article than by an extract from the prospectus of a still more extensive work, on the philosophical history of European languages, than either of those which we have been examining. It was left ready for the press by the late Dr. Alexander Murray; it is speedily to be published in three volumes, and the friends of the author flatter themselves, that it will establish his reputation, as one of the most accomplished and profound philological scholars who have ever done honour to any country or to any age. Some of the general results of his investigations are thus expressed in his preface. The European races, with the exception of some inconsiderable tribes, are originally descended from one common and single stock. Some of the races appear, from approximation of dialect, to have been more nearly allied to one another than to the rest; the Teutones and Greeks are perhaps of this description, though it cannot be safely af firmed that these races were originally one. The Indians, Persians,. and Slavi, seem to have been one branch of the general stock. The affinity also between the Celts and the Eastern nations is closer than could have been expected.' • Before any of the European races parted from the original stock, the language had attained a state of composi tion, and had begun to be inflected. The Celtae brought from the East' the language in that condition, but the long wanderings, and the savage solitude, which they experienced in the West, destroyed the finer parts of their original speech, and corrupted it by a careless and slovenly articulation. The Greeks penetrated into Europe, at some different period, and retained, though they softened considerably, their primitive dialect. The Indians imported the same language, but probably in. a more improved form. In their possession it became that highly po-, lished speech which is now called Sanscrit, and which exhibits an instructive contrast with the Persic, formerly the same dialect. The Persic, in the violence of ages, like the Anglosaxon, has lost nearly all its inflections; and, though it be a perspicuous, it is evidently a barren' dialect. The Indian has multiplied cases and inflections, so as to be the most copious and artificial language in the world. The Finni, who seem to have been the rudest of all the Scythian tribes, have preserved their dialect in a state nearer to perfection than the Celta or the Slavi. The latter were a Persic tribe; the resemblance of the Slavonic and Sanscrit still attests their ancient affinity; but the Slavi have lost many of the inflections peculiar to India, during their long residence in the Sarmatian forests. They expelled the Finni from thence to the shores of the Baltic and White Sea, on which a language is still spoken, that distinguishes, from the other races, an original and very ancient part of the 6 the population of Europe.' By careful attention to the different parts of the process of composition, the different primitive words themselves are developed, and their earliest forms are determined by comparison of the principal dialects with one another, and by illustrating such of these as are refined and corrupted, by those that are rude, simple, and regular.' ART. V. Narrative of a forced Journey through Spain and pp. 495. 590. WE heartily wish that Lord Blayney had not published this book, His lordship may be (in spite of the affair of Fiangerolla, in which the corps he commanded was defeated by a very inferior force) a good soldier; and we have heard that he is a pleasant and good humoured gentleman; but he is undoubtedly one of the worst travellers we have ever known-of the worst in every sense; for he not only wants the literary qualifications for that character, but he seems to be intolerant of either toil or trouble; easily dissatisfied, hard to be pleased, very impatient of bad fare, very angry when he does not receive the ordinary attentions, and not very grateful when he does. Lord Blayney was taken in an attack on Fiangerolla, near Malaga, on the 15th October, 1810, by a detachment of the army of General Sebastiani, whose head-quarters were at Grenada, whither his lordship was conducted, with some unnecessary rudeness on the part of the inferior French officers; but from Generals Sebastiani and Milhaud, and indeed from all the upper classes of the étatmajor, he received kindnesses which,' he says, (p. 134,) will never be effaced from his memory.' But we are sorry to say that we observe some hints, a little at variance with this vow of eternal gratitude. It must, however, be confessed that, though there appears to have been some civility in Sebastiani's conduct, there was also a good deal of bad taste and ostentatious affability, which, if Lord Blayney had not 'professed so much,' might well have excused some doubts as to the sincerity and real object of the General's good offices. We willingly extract the following passage, as it is characteristic at once of General Sebastiani and Lord Blayney, and will afford the reader a very favourable specimen of his lordship's style, as well as of the style in which it was the fashion to talk of Buonaparte in 1810. Nothing could be more tiresome than the eternal praises of the emperor, which formed the chief topic of conversation at Sebastiani's par ties. With a solemnity of countenance and a measured tone, so conspicuous in French oratory, the general would every day at table treat us with a panegyric on the virtues and exploits of his master, of which the following was usually the burthen; "Messieurs, l'Empereur est un homme sans défaut, c'est le seul homme au monde avec tant de pouvoir à qui personne ne peut faire le moindre reproche." Or," Messieurs, l'Empereur est le plus grand homme, le plus grand héros qui a jamais paru;" and then he would draw a comparison with Cæsar or Alexander, both of whom, of course, were imbéciles to Napoleon. At length I got so disgusted with this nonsense, that finding no hero in Grecian or Roman history equal to Buonaparte, I sought to match him in more remote antiquity, and compared him to Nimrod, who was a mighty one on the earth, and a mighty hunter before the Lord. The ridicule which this comparison threw on the subject produced the effect I wished, in preventing a repetition of such fulsome panegyrics, both in the general's societies and in the other circles where his suite retailed his oratorical declamations respecting the French monarch.'-pp. 95, 96. On the 13th November his lordship began his forced journey,' with a good horse (a present from Sebastiani) and two mules, one laden with his personal baggage, the other with provisions for a week; such as hams, for which Grenada is famous, pies, and other good things, together with a small barrel of wine,' (p. 134); and here we must bring before our readers the first and principal topic of his lordship's book; one which so entirely occupies his attention, that we believe the title-page is almost the only page in the two volumes in which some allusion to it may not be found. We smile at the various conjectures which already occupy the minds of our readers respecting the nature of this interminable theme. One, no doubt, thinks it is the organization or spirit of the French army; another, the extraordinary and almost miraculous courage and constancy which the Spanish nation at this period exhibited; a third, the smoking villages and ravaged towns, the misery and desolation through which he passed; and a fourth looks with anxious expectation for remarks upon the internal state of France-all mistaken: -la cuisine, the culinary art, the eatables and drinkables,' as Diggory calls them in the play, are with Lord Blayney the objects of paramount interest; they are, as it were, the burden of his song; and although he sometimes digresses, he never fails to return as early as possible, with a con amore cadence, to the original air. great Lord Peterborough, a predecessor (but with very different success) of Lord Blayney in Spain, was said to be acquainted with all the postilions in Europe. Lord Blayney, as far as his travels have extended, has to boast as wide an acquaintance amongst the cooks; but we suspect that Lord Peterborough's popularity was greater than Lord Blayney's, as we never heard of his having attempted to rival his post-boys, and to drive himself; whereas Lord The Blayney, Blayney, on sundry occasions, not only quarrels with the cook, but puts upon him the downright affront of dressing the dinner with his own hands. 'General Blondeau invited me to dinner the day of our arrival; but I preferred a quiet one at my lodgings, to which I invited our officers; the greatest part of the dinner I drest myself, rather than be poisoned by Spanish cookery.' His lordship arrived, unpoisoned by Spanish cookery, at Madrid, on the 1st December; when, with a degree of levity not quite suitable, we think, to his rank in the army or in society, he entered on a new trade. Knowing the French and Spanish ignorance of the treatment of horses, I, in order to amuse myself, proposed giving lectures on the subject, and treating the horses of my friends gratis. This was no sooner known, than sick and lame horses came from all quarters.' ' My fame as a horse-doctor was now spread throughout Madrid, and I had so much practice, that had I taken fees, I should have made a handsome livelihood. In consequence of this, I was allowed to go to the stables and the forge, both within the walls. I had often, in foreign countries, as well as when hunting, experienced the inconvenience of not being able to make and put on a horse-shoe, I therefore at once applied seriously, and soon made myself expert in the business. My particular friends now considered it as the highest favour to have a horse shod by me, and shewed him about in all directions, with no small vanity; for although I might not be considered as a first-rate blacksmith in England, both my shoes and shoeing were infinitely superior to those of the Spaniards.'-pp. 310, 312. From this digression, however, his lordship returns, as usual, to the cuisine. In another respect I was also at ease, that was in cookery; having often found the necessity of being my own cook while on campaigns, or grousing parties, I learnt to excel particularly in the dressing of four dishes. Indeed I cooked my own dinner almost the entire journey from Grenada to Madrid.'-p. 313. Sometimes, when the digressions are pathetic, the return to the old tune has a very striking effect. A Spanish landlady, at Urnieta, entertained so patriotic a horror of the French, that, mistaking Lord Blayney for one of that nation, she gave him at first a most uncouth' reception; but, After dinner she entered the room, and first fastening the door, asked me if it was really true that I was an English officer, as somebody had told her; and when I answered in the affirmative, and related the manner of my being made prisoner, her sensibility got the better of her; her eyes gradually filled, and at last she burst into a flood of tears. -I asked her to sell and dress me a fowl for next day's march.'— p. 395. At |