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STEPHANUS of Byzantium (circa 460-527 A.D.), the geographical lexicographer and professor at Constantinople.

STRABO (born in Cappadocia about 50 B.C.). His great work, the Geographica, was written when he was over 80

years old. SUETONIUS (C. SUETONIUS TRANQUILLUS) wrote, at the end of the 1st century, the Lives of the Cæsars. He was born about 70 A.D.

SULPICIUS, SEVERUS (5th century A.D.), a native of Gaul, wrote an ecclesiastical history of the world.

SYMMACHUS, Q. AURELIUS (consul in 391 A.D.), opposed the introduction of Christianity.

TACITUS, C. CORNELIUS (55-135 A.D.), the son-in-law of Julius Agricola, and friend of Pliny the Younger.

TERTULLIAN, Q. SEPTIMUS FLORUS (circa 160-245 A.D.).

THALES of Miletus, the earliest Greek natural philosopher (5th century B.C.).

TIMEUS, the Historian of Sicily (floruit circa 350-320 B.C.). His quotations from Pytheas are copied by Pliny.

TIMAGENES, an Alexandrian historian and rhetor (circa 85-5 B.C.), wrote among other works a history of the Gauls, which Ammianus Marcellinus used.

Tzetzes, John, wrote (circa 1176 A.D.) a lengthy epic called "Chiliades.” VALERIUS FLACCUS, the poet (died 88 a.d.).

VALERIUS MAXIMUS, the historian (circa 30 A.D.), wrote a collection of Memorabilia, dedicated to the Emperor Tiberius.

VARRO (116-27 B.C.), the most learned of Roman antiquaries. He is said to have written 70 works, ranging from satires to treatises on agriculture. VEGETIUS, FL. (flor. circa 380 A.D.), the most celebrated of the military writers, wrote under Valentinian II.

VIBIUS SEQUESTER (date uncertain) wrote a book on rivers and streams. He is one of the minor geographers published by Aldus in 1518. VICTOR, S. AURELIUS (flor. circa 369-400), prefect of Rome under Julian. VIRGIL (P. Virgilius Maro 70–19 B.C.), began to write about 42 B.C. VITRUVIUS (85-26 B.C.), the great authority on Roman architecture. VOPISCUS, FLAVIUS (end of 3rd century A.D.).

XENOPHON of Lampsacus, an early writer (post 300 B.C.), whose comments upon Pytheas and Timæus are quoted by Pliny.

XIPHILINUS, JOHN, of Trebizond (wrote circa 1150 A.D.). He abridged the history of Dion Cassius, bks. xxxv-lxxx.

ZOSIMUS the Historian (circa 500 A.D.).

INDEX.

ABALUS, Isle of, 65

Elle of Deira, 328

of Sussex, 383, 392

BADON (Mons Badonicus), 366, 367
Barbury Hill, 391

Basilia, Isle of, 64

Æstyi (Ostiones), 42, 46–7, 49–51,62-5, 400 Basques, 138, 154, 155, 270

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ships, 236, 237, 238, 244

trade of, 66, 120, 227, 305-6; in
amber, 7, 66; in corn, 223, 306; in
furs, 235; in pearls, 225, 226; in slaves,
235; in tin, 7, 13, 18, 19, 28, 34–9, 226,
235-7

tribes of the interior, 222, 243, 244
woad-painting, 241

Britannia Prima, Secunda, 336
Brittany, customs, 187, 188, 215, 297

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Cassiterides, 9-13, 16, 18, 22-4, 37, 157

Cassivellaunus, 110, 111, 290

Castor-ware, 342

Catigern, 131, 379

Catuvellauni, 108, 110
Caux, customs of, 208
Cave-houses, 2, 127, 229
Ceawlin, 390-4

Celts, migrations of, 61, 99, 100

in British Isles, 96, 99, 100

language of, 97-104

physical characteristics, 113, 158,

159, 283

Ceolwulf, 395

Cerdic, 386-9

CADIZ (Gaddir), 3, 16, 22, 23

Caerleon, 287, 311, 320-1, 342, 345, 351

Caermarthen, 321, 344, 345

Caernarvon, 335, 344

Cerealis, campaigns of, 318

Ceridwen, 26, 253, 254

Chambered barrows, 129, 133, 143, 144

Chariots, use of, 118, 246

Caer-went (Venta Silurum), 232, 321, 322 Chauci, 50-3, 368, 369

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Cornwall, 27, 28, 34-40, 95, 97, 98, 187- | Dardanian legends, 180

9, 234-7, 263, 285, 338, 340, 346, 381

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Dee, River, 238, 239, 242, 253, 318
Deorham, battle of, 391-3

Deva (Chester), 311, 320, 322, 339, 342,
343, 350, 399

Devon, 187, 189

Dimetian Code, 186, 187

Diocletian's scheme of government, 334
amended by Constantine, 336, 337
Ditmarsh, 51, 62, 132, 172
Dobuni, 237

Dogs, British, 122, 134, 235, 271, 299, 300,
306

Cursing-stones, cursing-wells, 181, 280, Dolicho-cephalous skulls, 141, 142, 145,

292, 293

Customs manorial, 184, 187-91, 202-4,

271

at Acton, 193; Archinfield, 202-3;
Barnes, 193; Battersea, 193; Box-
grove, 193; Bray, 203; Cashiobury,
203; Castlerigg, 203; Cheltenham,
204; Chertsey, 204; Derby, 188, 189;
Derwentwater, 203; Down, 193; Ealing,
193; Edmonton, 193; Farnham, 204;
Framfield, 192, 204; Fulham, 193;
Gloucester, 188-9; Isleworth, 193;
Islington, 193; Irchinfield, 202, 203;
Kirkby-Lonsdale, 203; Leicester, 188,
207; Liswery, 189; Marden, 203; May-
field, 192; Middleton Cheney, 204;
Mortlake, 193; Nottingham, 184, 188,
189; Pencarne, 189; Pevensey, 193;

152-3, 158, 160

Dolmens (see Cromlechs)

Don, 288, 289

Druidism, 128, 156, 249, 250, 266-77

in Gaul, 268, 270, 276; in Britain,
267, 277; in Ireland, 156, 267, 268,
277; doctrines, 255-9, 268-70, 274, 275;
human sacrifices, 269-74; metempsy-
chosis, 275; Silurian origin of, 261,
266, 267

Druidesses, 26, 276

Du Halde, Père, 218

EARTH, worship of, 25, 46, 371
East Anglia, 110, 372, 395–7
Eburacum (York), 320, 323, 325, 330,
331, 335, 339-42, 344, 348, 351, 365
Edwin the Fair, 396-8

Eel-fishery, 23, 225, 382
Electrides Islands, 63
Elephants in Britain, 4, 307
Elk (Alce), 55, 57, 58, 167
Elixoia, legend of, 89

Ely, Isle of, 110, 229

Embanking, 110, 223, 228, 229, 235
Emperors (see under "Roman.")
Enamelling, art of, 305

English Conquest of Britain, 2, 41, 141,
142, 231, 362, 363-99

the Lamentation of Gildas, 363-7
Hengist and Horsa legends, 131,
367, 368, 375-81, 388
the first invasion, 364, 368

Anglian settlements, 365

siege of Mt. Badon, 366, 367
battle of Stamford, 369

effects of the Conquest, 141, 142,
399

Conquest of Kent, 376-8; of Sussex,
382-5; of East Anglia and Mercia, 372,
395-7; of Wessex, 386-95; of North-
umbria, 361-5, 395 397, 398

Epidii, 163

Epis-ford, 377, 378

Epona, 265, 329

Eric the Ash, 374, 375-7

Estia Palus, 50

Esthonians, 162, 217, 263

Ethelbert, 392, 394, 395, 413

Etirun (Taran), worship of, 263, 413
Exeter, 225, 345, 346, 399

FAIRY LAND, 139, 155-7, 243, 249, 253,

264, 282, 283, 291

Farthing-land, 193

Fen-districts, 110, 223, 229

Finn MacCumhal (Fingal), 254, 332
Finns, Ugro-Finns, 151, 160

divisions of, 126, 145, 216–19
customs of, 127, 186, 198, 216–19
identified with Bronze Age tribes,
126, 143-5, 149–50, 160, 167–79
Firbolgs, 138-40, 152, 156, 158
Fire-worship, 256, 270-1, 279-80, 286,
293-6

(See "Ancestors, worship of ")
Fish, 170, 179, 246, 382

Forests:-

British, Anderida, 106, 107, 344,
382, 383; Andred's-Lea, 383; Andred's-
Wold, 107; Arden, 223, 224, 249;
Berroc, 229; Buckholt, 344; Cale-
donian, 170, 228, 229, 252, 336; Coet-
Mawr, 228; Dean, 224, 342; Denbigh,
224; Essex, Weald of, 108; Groveley,
223; Kent, Weald of, 107; Mendip,
271; Middlesex, 3, 108; New Forest,
234, 343, 344, 370, 388, 389; Riddes-
dale, 3; Selwood, 228, 229; Sherwood,
223, 224; Silva Magna, 228; Somerset,
228; Suffolk, woods of, 110; Surrey,
Weald of, 107; Sussex, Weald of, 107

Continental, Ardennes, 264; Armo-
rican, 276; Bialowicza, 55; Black Forest,
54, 307; Brocéliande, 234, 285; Estho-
nian, 162; Hartz, 54; Hercynian (Ar-
cynia, Orcynia), 42, 54, 55, 58, 83;
Herulian, 373; Jammerholz, 92; Loire,
268, 269; of "Nairthus," 371; Oden.
wald, 197

Fortunate Islands, 34

Franc-almoigne, 215

Franks, 332-4, 367-9, 373, 382, 386, 387

Frisians, 51, 129, 196, 327, 373, 374, 375,

376, 381, 382

Funeral-ale, 212, 213

GADDIR, 3, 15, 16, 22, 23

Gaelic tribes, 2, 96, 99, 100, 231, 232,

239, 251, 285

Galatia, 98, 100

Galgacus, 319

Gangani, 163, 164

Gargantua, 129, 156, 256, 265
Gaulish nations :—

language, 97, 98, 101, 103, 109,
163, 233; appearance, 112-15, 153.
159, 240; manners, 95, 111-23, 208,
256-8; religion, 122, 255-66, 279, 285,
286, 329, 350; Druidism, 259, 266-8;
human sacrifices, 269, 270, 274-6; first
settlements in Britain, 96, 104-23, 241,
255; later settlements, 231, 237, 304;
Gauls serving with legions, 307, 314,
322, 327, 329

Gavelkind, 189-93, 200, 205-7

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