474

through conduits, introduced in the course of construction, to be used in the construction of glass frames, picture frames, cornices, &c. BELLFORD, AUGUSTE EDOUARD LORADOUX, of Castle-street, London. Certain improvements in the manufacture of steel and wrought iron directly from the ore. (A communication.) Patent dated April 15, 1854. (No. 878.)

Claim. The method of converting iron ore directly into steel by subjecting it, together with an admixture of carbonaceous matter, to heat in tubes or other suitablyshaped vessels externally heated, and thence transferring it, in a heated state and smelting it directly, into cast steel, or exposing it in the smelted or granulated state to a welding heat, to produce spring or wrought steel, by manipulating it into balls or loops, and converting it therefrom into bars or other forms by hammering, rolling, &c.

TIRET, GEORGE LOUIS FELIX, of Paris, France. An improved canvas for embroidering. Patent dated April 15, 1854. (No. 879.)

Claim." The application of figuring or coloured weft to any kind of embroidering canvas."

HAWKINS, THOMAS, LL.D., of Northfleet, Kent. An apparatus for creating an upward draught or current of air in chimneys, which apparatus is also applicable to the purposes of ventilation. Patent dated April 17, 1854. (No. 881.)

This invention consists in causing the wind to act against a surface slanting obliquely upwards, whereby its course is changed to an upward direction, the consequence being the formation of an upward current or draught of air.

BENTLEY, WILLIAM HENRY, of Bedford, engineer. Improvements in cannons, guns, and other fire-arms, and in projectiles for the same. Patent dated April 17, 1854. (No. 883.)

This invention comprises-1. A method of constructing breech-loading fire-arms with breech-plugs, worked by a screw or screws. 2. The addition to such fire-arms of an airforcing apparatus, for the purpose of driving a current of air through the chamber and barrel of the gun after each discharge. 3. The construction of gun-carriages with hollow axles and wheels, for the conveyance of ammunition, stores, &c. 4. The construction of certain projectiles formed with spiral or other wings round them. 5. The coating of fire-arms with gutta percha or other similar material for preserving them from atmospheric action.

FULLWOOD, BENJAMIN, of Bermondsey, Surrey, manufacturing chemist. Improvements in the manufacture of cement. Patent dated April 17, 1854. (No. 884.)

Claim. The manufacture of cement by calcining with coal, coke, breese, or other like fuel, chalk, or other carbonate of lime, and a metallic, earthy, or alkaline chloride or muriate, or chlorine, or muriatic acid, with or without the admixture of oxide of zinc, or other cementitious or colouring matter before or after calcination.

TANNAHILL, DAVID, of Glasgow, Lanark, engineer. Improvements in lithographic and zincographic printing. Patent dated April 17, 1854. (No. 886.)

Claims.-1. A mode of causing the impression rollers of lithographic and zincographic printing machines to traverse over a printing surface which has no longitudinal motion. 2. A mode of causing the impression roller or rollers of such machines to traverse from end to end of the machine, by means of screw shafts disposed longitudinally, and acting on the frame which carries the impression roller or rollers. 3. A mode of raising and lowering the tables or rollers of such machines, having traversing impression rollers, by means of cams actuated by the traverse movement of the frames carrying the impression rollers. 4. A mode of arranging two impression rollers, with their accompanying details in a single traversing frame in such machines, so that two pieces of fabric or two impressions may be printed

at once.

DAVIS, CHARLES CHAPEL, of Bath, Somerset, gas engineer. Improvements in portable blow-pipe apparatus. Patent dated April 18, 1854. (No. 887:)

The inventor constructs a portable chamber, into which air is drawn by a suitable spring or springs, and from which it is expelled through a flexible tube by the closing of the knees, or the descent of the foot of the operator, or otherwise.

HEALEY, SAMUEL, JAMES, of Over Darwen, near Blackburn, Lancaster, machinist. Improvements in apparatus applicable to steam boilers, for preventing explosions and saving fuel. Patent dated April 18, 1854. (No. 888.)

The inventor allows steam to pass through valves to a piston working in a cylinder placed on the top of the boiler, or in any other convenient position, and connects the piston-rod to the fire-doors by means of levers or any suitable connections, and thus regulates the draught.

BERNARD, JULIAN, of Club-chambers, Regent-street, Middlesex, gentleman. Improvements in the manufacture of boots and shoes, and in the machinery or apparatus connected therewith. Patent dated April 18, 1854. (No. 890.)

These improvements relate, first, to a novel mode of paring or finishing the heels and soles of boots and shoes by machinery

476

side of the ship by a universal joint placed between the vessel and the rudder or post, the outer short piece of the shaft passing through boxes in the rudder, and projecting a sufficient length to receive the propeller.

PIPER, JOSEPH, of Shoreditch, Middlesex, furnishing ironmonger. Improvements in apparatus for affixing adhesive stamps and labels. Application dated April 12, 1854.

(No. 860.)

This invention consists of a combination of apparatus by means of which stamps or labels are taken from a suitable holder, moistened on their adhesive surfaces, carried to the place where the letters on which they are to be fixed are placed, and pressed on to make them adhere.

Letts, George, of Northampton, mechanic. An improved mole-trap. Application dated April 12, 1854. (No. 862.)

This mole-trap consists of a pipe in which valves opening inwards, and incapable of opening outwards, are fitted near to each end.

ELLIOT, GEORGE, of St. Helen's, Lancaster, manufacturing chemist. Improvements in the manufacture of carbonate of soda. Application dated April 13, 1854. (No. 865.)

This invention has reference to the inanufacture of carbonate of soda from chlo ride of sodium. The process consists in exposing the latter, mixed with about its equivalent of the carbonate of one of the alkaline earths and water, to the action of carbonic acid under pressure, thereby producing a sparingly soluble bi-carbonate of soda and a highly soluble chloride of the metallic base of the alkaline earth employed, and they are separated when still under pressure.

GOODRICK, CHARLES BRUTUS, of Old Kent-road, Surrey, engineer. An improved artizan's tool, which may be used as a measuring rule, straight-edge, set-square, T-square, level, and plumb-rule. Application dated April 15, 1854. (No. 874.)

The title sufficiently describes the character of this invention.

HEYES, GEORGE, of Aspull, near Wigan, Lancaster, manufacturer. Improvements in the method of arranging and constructing the gearing or driving apparatus of machinery, to prevent accidents, and save time and expense in arranging the same. Application dated April 17, 1854. (No. 880.)

This invention consists mainly in arranging, under the drums or pullies of shafting, guards or shields encircling their under sides, while on the shaft is fixed an arm or projection extending a little beyond the periphery of the drum, so that if any object by accident comes in contact with the strap or belt, it may not be allowed to get in among the machinery.

WILKINSON, WILLIAM, of Nottingham, framework knitter. Improvements in the method of and machinery for manufacturing ropes and cords. Application dated April 17, 1854. (No. 882.)

This invention mainly consists in surrounding several wires, previously twisted together, with fibrous substance; and in twisting over this fibrous substance other wires, repeating the process as often as is necessary to complete the size of the rope.

SMITH, JAMES ALEXANDER, of Edinburgh, Mid Lothian, gentleman. Improvements in the manufacture of explosive projectiles. Application dated April 17, 1854. (No. 885.)

This invention relates "to the manufacture (by casting, pressure, turning, or otherwise) and application of cylindro-conoidal detonating shells for use as war projectiles, and for other purposes where explosive missiles of such a nature are advantageously applicable."

MEASON, CHARLES, of Warrington, Lancaster, engineer. Improvements in supplying fuel and water to locomotive engines, or to the tenders of locomotive engines. Application dated April 18, 1854. (No. 889.)

This invention relates to arrangements in which are employed subterranean vaults for storing the fuel, and certain coking cranes, by which the fuel is raised at once into the tender, these cranes being worked by hydraulic power, derived from a water source, which also supplies a water pillar, which the inventor describes.

POOLE, MOSES, of the Avenue-road, Regent's-park, Middlesex. Improvements in drying and weighing fibrous and other substances. (A communication.) Application dated April 19, 1854. (No. 899.)

Currents of dry and heated air are caused to pass into and through a chamber containing the fibres or substances to be dried; and whilst the interior of the chamber is hot, and the matters still within it, the dry weight is ascertained by a weighing machine.

PROVISIONAL PROTECTIONS.

Dated August 30, 1854.

1899. Louis Pierre Lehugeur, mechanic, and Michel Uttinger, gentleman, both of St. Denis, near Paris, France. Improvements applicable to machinery for printing fabrics.

Dated September 8, 1854.

1960. Tony Petitjean, of Upper John - street, Fitzroy-square, Middlesex. An improved process for recutting or reforming the faces of files.

Dated September 26, 1854.

2072. Thomas Gri Eths, of Madeley, Shropshire. An improved pump for raising and forcing water.

Dated September 30, 1854.

2097. William Wilkinson, of Nottingham, mechanic. Improvements in looped pile and cut pile fabrics, and in machinery for brushing or raising a cut pile or fleece upon the web on both sides the article, or on one side only, by which means he secures a looped web not liable to let down.

2099. William Tucker, of Old Brompton. Preventing the escape of fuliginous smoke from shafts and flues.

2101. Thomas Collins, of Gayton, Northampton, brick-maker. Improvements in manufacturing

bricks and tiles.

2103. Moses Poole, of the Avenue-road, Middlesex. Improvements in condensers. A communication.

Dated October 2, 1854.

2105. Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, of Castle - street, London. Improvements in sus pended purchases. A communication.

2107. George Wall, of Manchester, Lancaster. Improvements in the manufacture of railway tickets and other similar articles from a substance or material capable of being re-used.

2109. Thomas Sherriff, of Glasgow, Lanark, engineer. Improvements in moulding or shaping metals.

2111. François Durand, of Paris, France, mechanician. Certain improvements in looms for weaving.

2113. Nicholas Bennett, of Furnival's-inn, Holborn, Middlesex, gentleman. A substitute for the scaffolding at present employed in and for the erecting and repairing of buildings. A communication.

2115. Christopher Hill, of Chippenham, Wilts. Improvements in the manufacture of pulp.

Dated October 3, 1854.

2117. James Hammond, of Brunswick - street, Blackfriars-road, Surrey, chemist. Holding a book in such a position that it may be read with ease and comfort in an erect, reclining, or completely recumbent position, to be called "Hammond's suspension reading-desk."

2119. William Blythe, of Oswaldtwistle, Lancaster, manufacturing chemist, and Emile Kopp, of Improvements Accrington, Lancaster, chemist.

in the manufacture of soda-ash and sulphuric acid. 2121. Alfred Vincent Newton, of Chancery-lane, Middlesex, mechanical draughtsman. Improvements in motive-power engines applicable to the working of their valves and to the conversion of the reciprocating motion of such engines into rotary motion. A communication.

2123. William McNaught, of Rochdale, Lancaster, engineer. Improvements in slide valves for steam engines.

2125. Wright Townend, of Harden Bingley, York. An improvement in combing wool and other fibres.

Dated October 4, 1854.

2129. Frederick Samson Thomas, of Cornhill, London, and Hooks villa, Fulham, Middlesex, gentleman. An improved mode of obtaining motive

power.

2131. William Peel Gaulton, of Crag Works, near Macclesfield, Chester, mechanical manager. Improvements in breaks applicable to railway carriages and other vehicles.

2133. Aimé Antoine Joseph Legentil, gentleman, of Arras, French empire. Certain improvements in pumps or machinery for raising and forcing water and other fluids.

2135. Thomas Prosser, of New York, United States of America, but now of Birkenhead, Cheshire, merchant and civil engineer. Improvements in the manufacture of certain hollow closed vessels, and in the machinery or apparatus employed therein, parts of which improvements are also applicable

477

when preparing for and fastening tubes into steam boilers, or other vessels requiring tubes to be fixed therein.

2137. Thomas Webster Rammell, of Trafalgarsquare, Middlesex. Improvements in steam boiler and other furnaces.

Dated October 5, 1854.

2139. Thomas Edwin Moore, of Great Titchfieldstreet, Marylebone, Middlesex, engineer. Certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for curvilinear and annular cuttings in metals and other hard substances.

2141. Enoch Oldfield Tindall, of Scarborough, York, ironfounder. Improvements in mangles and wringing-machines for smoothing and wringing clothes and woven fabrics.

2143. George Collier, of Halifax, York, engineer. Improvements in the manufacture of carpets and other terry fabrics.

2145. Thomas Bennett, of Woodbridge - street, Clerkenwell, Middlesex, gold and silver beater. Improvements in the apparatus employed in the manufacture of gold, silver, and metal leaf.

2147. John Macmillan Dunlop, of Manchester, Lancaster, engineer. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for preparing, spinning, and doubling cotton and other fibrous materials.

Dated October 6, 1854.

2151. Peter Kerr, of Paisley, Renfrew, threadmanufacturer. Improvements in the treatment and finishing of threads or yarns.

Dated October 7, 1854.

2155. George Thomas Selby, of Smethwick, Stafford, manufacturer. An improvement in fur

naces.

2157. Thomas Roberts and John Dale, of Manchester, Lancaster, manufacturing chemists. Improvements in obtaining and treating extracts from certain dye-woods, and in apparatus for obtaining such extracts.

2159. Robert Maynard, of Whittlesford, Cambridge, agricultural machinist. Improvements in machinery for threshing and dressing grain.

Dated October 9, 1854.

2161. James Shanks, of St. Helen's, Lancaster. manufacturing chemist. An improved mode of manufacturing sulphuric acid. A communication from Robert Von Seckendorf, of Gera, Reuss, Germany.

Dated October 10, 1854.

Im

2163. Noel Prothéry, of Lyons, France. provements in machinery for making lace. 2165. Valentine William Hammerich, of Altona, Holstein, but now at John-street, Minories, London, upholsterer. An improved construction of buoyant mattress.

2169. John Kershaw, of Brixton, Surrey, engineer. Improvements in the manufacture of wrought iron railway wheels.

2171. William Chubb, of Clifton, Gloucester, gentleman. Improvements in the construction of beams and parts of ships, ships' masts and spars, and other like structures.

Dated October 16, 1854.

2208. John Bonnall, of Spittlegate, Grantham, Lincoln, engineer. Improvements in apparatus for holding oil for lubricating purposes.

2210. Etienne Bernot, of Paris, France, gentleman. A new machine for cutting files, which he calls "Bernot's file-cutting-machine."

2212. John Henry Johnson, of Lincoln's-innfields, Middlesex, gentleman. An improved apparatus for discovering the leakage or escape of gas. A communication from Etienne Abram Maccaud, of Paris, France, gentleman,

478

2214. Lionel John Wetherell, of Compton-street, Clerkenwell, Middlesex, civil engineer, and Augustus Johann Hoffstaedt, of Albion-place, Surrey, agent. An improved construction of pump.

Dated October 17, 1854.

2218. Louis Cornides, of Trafalgar-square, Charing-cross, Middlesex. An improved apparatus for amalgamating the gold and silver contained in pulverized ores.

2220. Arthur Veal, of Oxford, bootmaker. Improvements in the manufacture of boots.

2222. Jacob Dockray, of Leeds, York, machinemaker, and John Dawson, of Holbeck, Leeds, machine-maker. Certain improvements in machinery for raising woollen cloth.

2224. Richard Green, of Sydney-street, Brompton, Middlesex. Improvements in propelling vessels.

Dated October 18, 1854.

2226. Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, of Castle-street, London. Certain improvements in breech-loading fire-arms. A communication.

2228. Ernst Gessner, of Aue, near Schneeberg, Saxony. Improvements in gig-mills.

2230. John Mason, of Rochdale, Lancaster, machinist, and William Robertson, of the same place, machinist. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for preparing and spinning cotton and other fibrous substances, part of which improvements is also applicable for shifting straps, by which motion is communicated in other machines.

2232. Mark Wheeler, of Newton-street, Holborn, Middlesex, japanner. An improved mode of consuming smoke arising from the combustion of fuel in furnaces.

Dated October 19, 1854.

2234. Robert Walter Winfield, of Birmingham, Warwick, merchant and manufacturer. An improvement or improvements in tubes and rods used in the construction of articles of metallic furniture.

2238. John Platt, of Oldham, Lancaster, mechanical engineer. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for making bricks.

2240. Thomas Higgins, of Liverpool, Lancaster, commander, Royal Navy. Improved apparatus applicable to the ventilation of ships and mines and other useful purposes.

Dated October 20, 1854.

2242. Louis Auguste Chenu, baker, and François Frederic Pillias, contractor, of Fontainebleau,

French empire. Certain improvements in preserving animal substances.

Dated October 21, 1854.

2246. William Joseph Smith, of Stretford, Lancaster, salesman. A certain improvement in buttons.

2248. John Jamieson, of Oldham, Lancaster, engineer and millwright. Certain improvements in steam engines.

2250. Bennett Johns Heywood, of Green Mount Cottage, Dalkey, near Dublin, Ireland, gentleman. Improved apparatus for affixing postage and other stamps to envelopes, letters, and other documents.

Dated October 23, 1854.

2252. Edward Abell, of Lambeth, Surrey, gentleAn improved instrument to assist the hand

man.

in writing.

2254. George Savage, of Adderbury, Oxford, horse-breaker and clipper. A new or improved singeing lamp.

2258. John Penn, of Greenwich, engineer. Improvements in the manufacture of the pistons, slide-valves, and stuffing-boxes of steam engines. 2260. Edme Hyppolite Marié, professor of phy

sics, at Paris, French empire. Certain improvements in the machinery for preparing, spinning, and twisting cotton, silk, flax, wool, and other fibrous substances.

Dated October 24, 1854.

2262. François Jean Bouwens, of Mechlin, Belgium, architect. An improved rotary engine.

2266. Joseph Hopkinson the younger, of Huldersfield, York, engineer. Improvements in steam engine boilers and safety-valves, and in apparatus for indicating the vacuum in steam-engine condensers, in relation to the existing atmospheric pressure.

Dated October 25, 1854.

2268. John Rickhuss, of Worcester, China potter, and Charles Toft, of St. John, Bed wardine, Worcester, modeller. Improvements in the manufacture of Parian, porcelain China, and earthen

ware.

2270. William Henderson, of Cannon-street, London, manufacturing chemist. Improvements in treating certain ores and alloys, and in obtaining products therefrom.

2272. Richard Roberts, of Manchester, engineer. Improvements in machinery for preparing and spinning cotton and other fibrous substances.

2274. Richard Hugh Hughes, of Hatton garden. Improvements in transmitting motive power.

2276. François Lambert, chemist, of Rue d'Enfer, Paris. Improvements in compounds to be used as cosmetics.

2278. Louis Vital Helin, of Rue des Douze, Apotres, Brussels, Belgium, chemist. Improvements

in the manufacture of paper from straw.

Dated October 26, 1854.

2280. William Grindley Craig, of Gorton, near Manchester, Lancaster, engineer. Improvements in the mode or method of consuming smoke, and in the machinery or apparatus employed therein.

2282. John Healey, engineer, and John Foster and John Lowe, spindle-makers, all of Bolton-leMoors, Lancaster. Improvements in machinery to be used for drawing, moulding, forming, and forging articles in metal.

2284. Charles Henry Olivier, of Finsbury-square, London, commission-merchant. An improved apparatus for drying. A communication.

2286. Peter Armand Lecomte de Fontainemoreau, of South-street, London. Improvements in transferring coloured pictures, portraits, and engravings. A communication from Leopold Muller and Antoine Widl, of Vienna, Austria.

2288. John Dudgeon, of 151, Fenchurch-street, in the city of London. An improvement in rendering ships and batteries shot proof.

PATENT APPLIED FOR WITH COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.

2312. James Cooper Hall, of Monkwearmouth, Durham, ship - owner. An improved windlass. October 31, 1854.

NOTICES OF INTENTION TO

PROCEED.

(From the "London Gazette," November 7th, 1854.)

1421. James Brunlees. Improvements in drawbridges applicable to rail and other roadways.

1422. Henry Sutherland Edwards. Improvements in preparing textile fabrics or materials for the purpose of their better retaining colours applied to them. A communication.