CHOLERA, PLAGUE, SMALLPOX, TYPHUS FEVER, AND YELLOW FEVER-Continued. Reports Received from December 31, 1921, to May 19, 1922-Continued. Date. Cases. Deaths. Place. On vessels: Steamship Empire State... Apr. 7.. 1 Remarks. At Honolulu, Hawaii, Mar. 31. In Chinese woman, embarked at Hongkong, Mar. 15, unvaccinated; arrived Shanghai Mar. 19, states did not go ashore; at Kobe Mar. 22; left Yokohama Mar. 24. Case was passed on inspection; developed Apr. 5, 1922. At Thursday Island Quarantine, Australia. Vessel left Hongkong Jan. 3; case isolated Jan. 10. Vessel left for Townsville, Sydney, and Melbourne. Released at Melbourne Feb. 4, 1922. 1 At Kobe, Japan, from Shanghai, China. At Swansea, Wales, from Persian Gulf. CHOLERA, PLAGUE, SMALLPOX, TYPHUS FEVER, AND YELLOW FEVER-Continued. Reports Received from December 31, 1921, to May 19, 1922-Continued. CHOLERA, PLAGUE, SMALLPOX, TYPHUS FEVER, AND YELLOW FEVER-Continued. Reports Received from December 31, 1921, to May 19, 1922-Continued. Nov. 1-Dec. 31, 1921: Cases, 1,368; Out breaks. Nov. 1-Dec. 31, 1921: One death of European at Jen Outbreaks. Stated to be preva Outbreaks. Nov. 1 Dec. 3', 1921: Cases, 158; deaths, 21 (colored). Outbreaks. Jan. 1-30, 1922: Cases 133; deaths, 25. Imported. Ouil reaks. Nov. 1-Dec. 31, 1921 Cases, 35; deaths, 4 co,oren White, I care, 1 dea . Jai 1-30, 1922: Cases, 21lore 1). July 3 30, 1921: Cases, 13. CHOLERA, PLAGUE, SMALLPOX, TYPHUS FEVER, AND YELLOW FEVER-Continued. Reports Received from December 31, 1921, to May 19, 1922-Continued. PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS VOL. 37 JUNE 2, 1922 THE DELINQUENT. By FRANK E. LESLIE, Senior Surgeon (R.), United States Public Health Service. No. 22 During 1917, Dr. Bernard Glueck, psychiatrist at Sing Sing Prison, made a study of some 600 consecutive admissions to this prison during a period of nine months, and it is interesting to note that 66 per cent had already served one or more prior terms in prisons or reformatories. This brings up the interesting question as to whether such individuals, as indicated by their recidivism, are irreformable. It is quite evident that such is not the case, but that the situation is due to the fact that in none of the State prisons are there any systematic efforts made to study the make-ups of the criminal himself, or his environments either inside or outside of institutions, and to readjust him to society. In the study of these 600 cases it was found that 59 per cent, in addition to showing various disorders of conduct, also exhibited some form of nervous or mental abnormality, which in one way or another had conditioned their behavior. Twelve per cent of these sick people were insane; 28 per cent were intellectually defective; and 19 per cent were classified as psychopathic. Among the defectives we find recidivism in 81 per cent, the rate among the psychopaths rising to 87 per cent. The significance of such psychological findings as are shown in these figures can not be ignored if one is to understand the social and legal problems presented by an average group of criminals. Probably in no other sphere of human endeavor is there evident to-day a more serious lack of coordination of effort than in that dealing with criminals. Enormous and increasing expenditures of public money have been poured out from year to year in the struggle against a growing volume of crime, but it is appalling to find that approximately 500,000 persons, according to the latest report of the United States Census Bureau, pass through the penal and corrective institutions of this country annually, and practically no headway is made to break through this vicious circle and lessen this increasing number of citizens who early become the wards of their respective States. |