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THE

HISTORY

OF

THE DECLINE AND FALL

OF THE

ROMAN EMPIRE.

CHAPTER XLVII.

Theological history of the doctrine of the Incarnation. The human and divine nature of Christ. -Enmity of the patriarchs of Alexandria and Constantinople.-St. Cyril and Nestorius.-Third general council of Ephesus.-Heresy of Eutyches.-Fourth general council of Chalcedon.Civil and ecclesiastical discord.-Intolerance of Justinian.-The Three Chapters.-The Monothelite controversy.-State of the Oriental sects.I. The Nestorians.-II. The Jacobites.-III. The Maronites.-IV. The Armenians.-V. The Copts and Abyssinians.

CHAP.

nation of

AFTER the extinction of paganism, the Christians in peace and piety might have enjoyed their solitary XLVII. triumph. But the principle of discord was alive in The incartheir bosom, and they were more solicitous to explore Christ the nature, than to practise the laws, of their founder. I have already observed, that the disputes of the TRINITY were succeeded by those of the INCARNATION;

VOL. VI.

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