Sidebilder
PDF
ePub

The Tennessee Industrial School attempted to purify the sewerage before discharging it into the creek and succeeded in a measure in so doing, but it cannot be considered in any way a thorough disinfection, nor can water polluted by such discharge be regarded as at all permissible as an admixture to drinking water. As to the State Insane Asylum no such material disinfection is attempted. I next took up the consideration of the condition of the water at various points along the course of the supply by chemical and bacteriological examination and find as follows:

WATER FROM MILL CREEK NEAR MOUTH.

An examination of the water from Mill Creek taken about 100 yards above the outlet showed bacteria per c. c. to number 560 per cubic centimeter at room temperature. In a subsequent count the number was found to have increased to about two thousand (2,000). In the first series of fermentation tubes four of them showed the presence of colon bacilli. In another series of ten glucose sugar tubes taken at the same time that the second bacterial count was made showed colon bacilli in six of the tubes. Later, on September 20, ten more tubes were inoculated with one c. c. each of water, and all of them showed contamination with bacillus coli. The water from this location showed an excessive amount of chlorides, albuminoid ammonia and organic matter. I did not spend a great deal of time upon the accurate determination of the chemical composition of the water here, as both the City Board of Health of Nashville and the Waterworks Department had looked into that part of the work and there was at issue no difference of opinion, and the determinations which I had made were sufficient to establish the presence of very material amounts of organic contamination.

Next I looked up the condition of the water at the mouth of Stones River a few hundred yards below the outlet and found that to be even worse than that from Mill Creek. I found an average 3,000, 1,200 and 4,500 bacteria

per c. c. meter at room temperature, and in ten samples at each time found respectively 10, 9 and 10 samples contaminated with bacillus coli. In the river about five miles below Stones River the contamination was almost as bad, showing colon bacilli in 6, 5 and 7 of the tubes out of each ten tested. The count of the number of bacteria per c. c. at this point showed 400, 1,200 and 800 bacilli to the c. c. At the intake I found an average number of bacterial per c. c. at room temperature of 2,500, 6,000 and 4,000. In the fermentation tubes bacillus coli was present in eight, ten and ten samples. From the reservoir a very large falling off in the number of bacteria was observed, probably on account of a mixture of aluminum sulphate with which the water had been treated, for otherwise it would probably contain the same number of bacteria which were present at the intake, the short trip through the large water main offering no especial germicidal factor. The number of bacteria found here averaged 50, 30 and 10 bacteria per c. c. The fermentation tubes showed 1, 0 and 2 tubes of coli. These specimens of water were each of them taken one day later than the preceding specimens from up the river.

The following specimens taken from the faucet at the State Capitol were taken upon the same day as the reservoir samples, so that there is no probability of any great difference in the number of bacteria which were present in the water when they started from the intake.

From the faucet at the State Capitol I found the number of bacteria per c. c. to be 10, 6 and 18, and the fermentation tubes showed 0, 0 and 1 infection with bacillus coli. The fermentation tubes showing fermentation from Mill Creek, Stones River at the intake, and the one sample which showed it from the hydrant at the Capitol, all produced death in guinea pigs. To sum up the water of Stones River, Mill Creek and the Cumberland River, at the intake, all of them are dangerously polluted and absolutely unfit for drinking purposes. The same is true of the water at Browns Creek, which upon two examinations

[graphic]

FIG. 7-Mouth of Mill Creek, a few hundred yards above Intake of

Nashville Water Supply.

« ForrigeFortsett »