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INDEX.

COMPILED BY L. E. JONES.

Abolitionist party, origin, 176; acces.
sion of strength, 180.
Adams, J., his casting vote gives Prest.
power of removal, 151; adm. of, 157-
159; his breach with Hamilton, 160.
Adams, J. Q., adm. of, 166-168.
Adjournment of Congress, 36; by the
Prest., 74.

Administration, of Washington, 147-
157; Adams, 157-159; Jefferson, 159-
161; Madison, 161-163; Monroe, 163-
166; J. Q. Adams, 166-168; Jackson,
168-175; Van Buren, 175-176; Harri-
son and Tyler, 177-179; Polk, 179-
181; Taylor and Fillmore, 182-186;
Pierce, 186-190; Buchanan, 190-196;
Lincoln, 196-200; Johnson, 200-205;
Grant, 205-216; Hayes, 216-220.
Admiralty powers under Arts. of Con
fed., 10; power of Congress, 45: juris-
diction of Sup. Ct., 102-103, 106; of
U. S. courts, 107-108, 126. See also
Prizes.

Admission of States, 17, 19; submis-

sion of their constitutions to Con-
gress, 251.

Adoption of Const., opposition to, 14,
148, 149.

Advisory Boards for legislatures, 264-
265.

Age of Congressmen, 28; of Senators,
33; of Prest., 68.

Agricultural statistics, 88. See also
Granger.

Agriculture, Dept. of, 84; its duties,

94-95.

Alabama secedes, 194.

Alabama settlement with England, 207.
Alaska, purchase of, 115.
Aldermen, defects of system, 272;
should be made responsible, 274.
Alien laws, 48-49, 141, 158-159.
Aliens, power of Prest. to protect, $3;
suits in which they are parties, 103,
109-110.

Alliance. See Treaty.
Ambassadors, Continental Congress to
send and to receive, 10; under Const.
appointed by Prest., 73; suits affect-
ing, 102, 103, 126.

Amendments to Const., 64, 66, 103, 110,
117-124, 160, 202, 205; how made, 17-
18; their provisions, 18-23; Sec. of
State to give notice, 85; they form
a bill of rights, 135-144; those pro-
posed by Madison, 151-152; defeated,
167.

Amendments to State constitutions,
provisions for, 253.

American party. See Know-Nothings.
American register of ships, 237.
Amnesty power taken from the Prest.,
203.

Anti-Federalists, 148-149.
Anti-Masonic party, 172.
Anti slavery. See Abolitionist; Slavery.
Appellate jurisdiction of Sup. Ct., 103,
126-132; of U. S. courts, 121-122; of
Circuit courts, 133.

Appointing power of Prest., 73-74, 76-
78, 82-84, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 126, 151;
share of Senate in, 34; how used
since adm. of Jackson, 227; its
evils, 227-228; efforts at reform, 228-
231. See also Civil service; Removal;
Spoils; Tenure-of-office.

Appointment of State officers, 251-252,
254-257; of judges, 254–256.
Apportionment of Congressmen, 28-31,

123.

Appraisal of imports, Treas. Dept. to
report to Congress rules for, 87.
Appropriations, bills for, to originate
in House of Rep., 36-37; money to
be paid only by, 51; Treas. Dept. to
keep account of, 85.

Arkansas, hesitates about secession,
194; secedes, 197.

Armics, power of Congress to raise,
45; appropriations for, limited to
two years, 45, 46; power of States to
maintain, limited, 56. See also Mili-
tia.

Arms, right of people to bear, 19, 140-
141; does not apply to concealed
weapons, 117-118.

Army, power of Continental Congress
over, 11; of Congress over, 46; of
Prest. over, 203; U. S. does not need

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Bail, excessive, prohibited by Const.
amend., 21, 122, 142.

Ballot, Prest. and Vice-Prest. to be
chosen by, 66; its introduction in
voting, 254.

re.

Bank of U. S., disagreement as to its
incorporation, 155; reorganization
in 1811, 163; the failure to
charter it, 170-171; Jackson removes
U. S. deposits from, 172. See also
Fiscal.

Bank notes. See Paper money.
Banking corporations, influence upon
State legislation, 257.

Bankruptcy, power of Natl. Govt.
over, 16; of Congress, over, 42; writs
of injunction in, 132.
Banks, statistics of, 88. See also Na-
tional banks; State banks.
Battle of New Orleans, 162-163.
Bell, J., nominated as Prest. by Const.
Union party, 193.

Biennial sessions of State legislatures,
264-266.

Bill of attainder. See Attainder.
Bill of rights in amends. to Const.,
135-144.

Bills of credit, States prohibited from
issuing, 52.
Bi-metallism,

242-244.

Blair, F. P., Jr., nominated as Vice-
Prest., 205.
Bland silver bill, 242.
Blockades, power of Prest. to insti-
tute, 83.

Bonds of U. S. not subject to taxation

by States, 39; natl. banks required
to invest capital in, 198. See also
Debt.

Bosses, political, 219, 265.

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Brown, B. G., nominated as Vice-
Prest. 208.

Buchanan, J., adm. of, 190-196.
Bureau. Sée Census; Education; Freed-
men's; Mint; Statistics.

Burr, A., contest with Jefferson for
presidency, 159–160; duel with Ham-
ilton, 160.

Butler nominated as Vice-Prest., 181.
Butler, B. F., declares slaves to be
contrabands of war, 197.

Cabinet, 83-84; that of Tyler resigns,

177-178; propriety of giving mem-
bers seats in Congress, 247-249.
Calhoun, J. C., elected Vice-Prest.,
167, 168; advocacy of nullification,

170.

California, cession to U. S., 180; ad-
mission as a State, 183-184; its ac-
tion on Chinese question, 240.
Canal commissioners of States, 253.
Capital of U. S., its location, 152, 153,

155.

Capitation tax proportional to popula-
tion, 51.

Captures. See Prizes.
Carpet-baggers, 206.

Carrying trade, cfforts to restore, 237-
238.

Cass, L., nominated for presidency,
181.

Caucus, origin, 159; its evils, 232, 265;
how to remedy them, 235.
Censorship of the press, 137.
Census, provision for taking, 28-31.
Census Bureau, 93-94.

Centralization of power, 156, 158, 226.
Charter governments of the colonies, 3.
Charters, colonial, 2, 3.
Chase, S. P., 43.

Chief Justice presides in impeachment
of Prest., 82.

Chinese question, 239-241.
Circuit courts established by Congress,
44; appeals to Sup. Ct. from, 126, 127;
writs of ne exeat by judges of, 132.
Citizens of the different States to be
on an equality, 18; to be entitled to
privileges of other States, 57-58, 60,
113-114; suits in which they are par-
ties, 103, 104, 105, 106, 109, 110; juris-

diction of Sup. Ct. in cases between,
103, 105; entitled to equal protection
of States, 122-123; their rights pro-
tected more by States than by natl.
govt., 250; their rights of voting at
all elections, 251-252.

Citizenship of Congressmen,28; of Sen-
ators, 33; defined, 113-114; freedmen
admitted to, 202; qualifications for,
254. See also Naturalization.
City. See Municipal.

Civil judgments in one State binding
in others, 59.

Civil law, its administration chiefly in
control of States, 250.

Civil rights, 22, 122-123, 124; passage
of bill, 202.

Civil service, evils of, iv-v, viii; re-
forms in, 77-78, 228-231, 235, 265.
See also Appointing; Office-holders;
Removals; Spoils.

Civil suits, right of jury in, secured by
Const. amend., 21.

Civil War, 196-200; settlement of is-
sues raised by it, iv-vi; Const.
amends. caused by, 22; settled ques-
tion of State rights, 26; a pretext for
protective duties, 235-236.
Claims of and against U. S. to be ad-
justed by Treasury Dept., 85; inva-
lidity of Southern, 22, 123-124. See
also Examiner; Court of Claims.
Clay, H., 165.

Clearance of vessels, 51.

Clerk of House of Representatives
makes up roll of members, 32.
Clinton, G., elected Vice-Prest., 161.
Coast Survey, 88, 151.
Cobden-Chevallier treaty, 238.
Coercion of Judicial and Exec, Depts.
by Congress, 35; of States, 194, 196.
Coercive authority lacking in Conti-
nental Congress, 11-12.
Coffee, duty on, lowered, 238.

Coin of U. S. under charge of Treas.
Dept., 87.

Coinage, power of, under Arts. of
Confed., 11; under Const,, 42-43;
States prohibited from, 52; of silver,

242.
Colfax, S., elected Vice-Prest., 205.
Colonial Congress, declaration of 1765,
4-5. See also Continental Congress.
Colonies, their forms of government,
1-5. See also State legislatures.
Color, discriminations against, prohib-
ired by Const. amend., 22.
Colorado, organization into a territory,
196; admission as a State, 211; min-
ing regions of, 217.
Commander-in-chief, 45-46, 73.
Commerce, inter-state, 13, 51, 224;
power of Congress to regulate, 40-
42; statistics of, 88; embargo act

for protection of, 161. See also Ex-
ports; Free trade; Protective.
Commercial crisis of 1837, 172, 176; of
1873, 210.

Commissions granted by Prest., 74.
Common law, recognition of, in colo-
nies, 2-3.

Compensation of, presidential electors,
71; for private property seized, 119.
Competitive examinations, 229.
Compromises in Const., 23-24.
Concealed weapons, 118.
Confederate govt., organization, 195.
See also Southern States.
Confederates, disabilities, 22, 123; in-
validity of claims for losses, 22, 123-
124; iron-clad oath, 63-64. See also
Southern States.

Confirmation by the Senate, 34-35, 73-
74, 80, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94.
Congress, 27-64; its appointment
power, 74; depts. to report to, 85,
87-88; Attorney-Gen. and Postmas-
ter-Gen. to report to, 92; limitations
on, 96-98, 101-102; power over juris-
diction of U. S. courts, 104, 106-107,
108; its right of eminent domain,
119-120; claims before, 133-135; the
first Congress, 149-153. See also Co-
lonial; Continental; House of Rep.;
Legislation; Senate.

Congressional districts, 30-31.
Congressmen, their qualifications, 28;
number, 29-31; disqualification for
other offices during term, 36; oath to
support Const., 63-64; cannot be
prest. electors, 65; number in Madi-
son's adm., 163.

Conklin, R., his resignation, 77.
Connecticut, form of colonial govt., 3.
Conspiracy not treason, 112. See also
Sedition.

Constitution of U. S., 1-26; the su-
preme law, 61-62; opposition to its
adoption, 14, 148-149. See also
Amendments; Constructions; Lim-

ited.

Constitutional Convention, 14.
Constitutional law, its scope, 15. See
also Laws.

Constitutional Union party. See Know-
Nothings.

Constitutionality of Acts of Congress,
why determined by judges, 97-102.
Constitutions of the States, 1-8; their

changes and developments, 250-274.
Constructions put upon Const., cause
of parties, 173-175. See also Loose;
Strict.

Consuls, appointed by Prest., 74; juris-

diction of Sup. Ct. in cases affecting,
102, 103; parties to actions, 126.
Continental Congress, 5-7; its pow
ers, 10-11; its inability to enforce

laws, 12, 27; a tribunal of last re-
sort, 96.
Continental paper money, amount and
redemption of, 154.

Contraband of war, slaves declared to
be, 197.

Contracts, States prohibited from im-
pairing, 52-56; those of Treas. Dept.
to be reported to Congress, 87; for
postal service, 92, 93.

Convening Congress by Prest., 74.
Conventions for nominating Prest.,
their beginning, 69-70; for amend.
State consts., 253.
Copyright, power of Congress over,
43-44.

Corporations, modification of State
grants to, 53-56; have not the privi-
leges of citizens, 58; empowered to
exercise right of eminent domain,
119; grants of land to, 246-247; in-
fluence upon State legislation, 257;
minority representation in, 262. See
also Municipal.

Corruption, of carpet-baggers, 207;
provisions in State consts. against,
253; in city govts., 267.

Cotton, illegality of export duty on, 51;
claims for seizure of, 133-134.
Counsel in criminal prosecutions, 120.
Counterfeiting, power of Congress to
punish, 43.

Counting electoral votes, 66, 71, 213-
214.

County organizations, established by
State constitutions, 253; debts in aid
of railways, 260, 261.
Court of Claims, appeals to Sup. Ct.
from, 127; its jurisdiction, 133-135.
Courtesy of the Senate, 76-78.
Courts of last resort, their judgments
final, 121. See also Circuit; District; |
Judicial; State; Supreme.
Courts martial, 120-121, 140.
Credit, bills of, States prohibited from
issuing, 52.

Credit of U. S. under Continental
Congress, 12-13. See also Debt.
Crime, no increase caused by Civil
War, v.

Crimes committed in U. S. bldgs.
cognizable in U. S. courts, 47.
Criminal law, how guarded by Const.
amend, 20-21; judgments in one
State not binding in others, 59-60;
jury trials obligatory, 110-112; in-
dictments essential, 118; limitations
on prosecutions, 120-121; its adm.
chiefly in control of States, 250. See
also Attainder; Ex post fucto.
Criminals to be delivered up by the
States, 18, 50, 58. See also Requi-
sition.

Crittenden Compromise, 194.

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Dallas, G. M., elected Vice-Prest., 179.
Dartmouth College vs. Woodward, 53.
Davis, J., elected Prest. of Confeder-
ate govt., 195.

Death of Prest. and Vice-Prest., 79-81.
Debt of U. S., payment and refunding

of, v; Continental Congress with-
out power to pay, 11; practical re-
pudiation under Continental Con-
gress, 13; its validity secured by
Const. amend., 22, 123; power of
Congress to contract, 40; in charge
of Treas. Dept., 86; its considera-
tion in first Congress, 152, 153-155;
its amount at close of War of 1812,
162; its decrease during adm. of
Monroe, 166; extinguished during
adm. of Jackson, 173; increased by
Mexican War, 182; its payment in
coin, 209-210; increased by Civil
War, 227; its rapid decrease, 241,

246.

See also Bonds.
Debts, States cannot obstruct collec-
tion of, 54; States prohibited from
making them payable in anything
but gold and silver, 52; contracted
in aid of railways, 260-261.
Debts of cities, 260-261, 267-271; neces-
sity for their limitation, 273-274.
Debts of States, validity of those
contracted before adopting Const.,
61; their amount and their assump-
tion by natl. govt., 154-155; con-
trolled by their consts., 253.
Debts of Southern States, their invalid-
ity, 23, 123: those created since
Civil War, 206-207.
Decentralization of power in States,

253.

Decisions. See Judgments; Supreme
Court.

Declaration of Independence, 6.
Delaware, form of colonial govt., 3;
withholds ratification to Articles of
Confed., 9; secedes, 197.

Democratic-Republican party, 155.
Democratic party, 155, 172; platform
in 1848, 181; in 1852, 185-186; its
division in 1860, 192-193; adopts Lib-
eral Repub. candidates, 208; nomi-
nates Tilden as Prest., 211; change
of attitude in 1876, 214-216; nomi-
nates Hancock as Prest., 217; plat-
form in 1880, 218; its change of
front loses it the election, 219; its
principles, 220; its advocacy of
civil service reform, 230; free tra-
ders' relation to, 238-239. See
aiso Republican (Old); Republican-
Democratic.

Demonetization of silver, 241–242.
Departments. See Agriculture; In-
terior; Justice; Navy; Post-office;
State; Treasury; War.

Deposits of U. S., withdrawn from U.
S. Bank, 172; placed in U. S. treas-
ury, 176.

Diplomatic affairs in charge of State
Dept., 84-85.

Disabilities of rebels, 22, 123.
Disbursements. See Expenditures.
Discriminating legislation, 113-114.
Discrimination in railway rates, 225.
Disputes between the States, settle-
ment of, under Arts. of Confed., 10.
Disqualification of Congressmen and
Senators for other offices during
term, 36.

District attorneys, 90.

District courts, 44, 126, 127, 132.
District of Columbia, jurisdiction of
Congress over, 47; appeals from its
Sup. Ct. to U. S. Sup. Ct., 127.
Districts in which trials shall be held,
120, 132.

Dock-yards, jurisdiction of Congress
over, 47.

Documents, public, 94.

Dodge, Free Soil party nominate, as
Vice-Prest. in 1848, 182.
Domestic violence, U. S. to protect
States from, 59. See also Insurrec-
tions.

Door-keeper of House of Rep., 32.
Douglass, S. A. nominated as Prest.
by Northern Democrats, 193.
Dred Scott decision, 190-191.
Duties. See Customs; Free trade;
Imports: Internal revenue; Pro-
tective; Revenue.

Education, grants of lands to States
for, 115; of colored children, 124.
Education, Bureau of, 94.
Election of Congressmen, time and
mode, 31-32; House of Rep. sole
judge of, 36.

Election of judges, 254-256.

mode, 160; defeat of further attempt
to change mode, 167; Jackson recom-
mends change in mode, 169–170.
Election of Senators, 33; Senate sole
judge of, 36.

Elections. See Ballot; Suffrage.
Electoral College, 65–72.
Electoral Commission of 1876, 72, 214-
216.

Electors of Congressmen, their quali-
fications, 28; penalty for abridging
their rights, 29.

Electors of Prest., 65, 72.
Emancipation proclamation, 197.
Embargo act, 161.

Emigration, tax of N. Y. illegal, 56–57;
a cause of prosperity, 237.
Eminent domain, 55, 119-120.
Employés. See Office-holders; State.
Engineers. See State.
England, critical relations with, during
Washington's adm., 157; France de-
sires U. S. to assist in war against,
158; relations with, 161, 163; orders
in council, 161; War of 1812, 162–163;
settlement of Oregon question, 181;
how its system of parties differs
from U. S., 231-232; benefits of her
free trade policy, 238.
Errors. See Appeals.
Europe, U. S. opposition to its inter-
ference with affairs of N. Am. con-
tinent, 165-166.

Everett, E., nominated as Vice-Prest.
by Const. Union party, 193.
Examiner of Claims, 90.
Executive Dept., 65-95; its weakness
under Articles of Confed., 12, 27;
coercion of Congress over, 35. See
also National government.
Executive officers, oath to support
Const., 63-64. See also Cabinet;
President; State.
Exemplification acts, 57.
Expenditures, Treasury Dept. to keep
account of, 85-86; to be published
quarterly, 88-89.

Exports, taxes on, prohibited, 51;
Treas. Dept. to prepare statistics of,
86; at close of Jackson's adm., 173;
increase during Hayes' adm., 217.
Ex post facto laws prohibited, 50-51, 52,
111.
Expulsion of Congressmen and Sena-
tors, 36.

Extradition. See Requisition.

Federal party, 148-149; its advocacy of
central power, 156; its success, 157;
causes of unpopularity, 158, 159;
weakened, 160; further weakened,
161, 162; its disappearance, 174.
Felonies on the high seas, 45.

Election of Prest., 65-72; change in Fillmore, M., adm. of, 182-186.

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