nize the causes of troublesome pressure and other symptoms dependent on osseous diseases and malformations, such as epiphysitis, osteitis, and periosteitis, old and unreduced fractures, excessive callus formation, bone tumors and exostoses, atrophy and hypertrophy. The osseous changes in acromegaly and cretinism are well brought out in skiagrams, which are also of paramount importance in recognizing changes in the arthropathies, spinal column disease, and like conditions. Brain tumors, clots and cysts are not so satisfactory, being inclosed in a bony cage and at an uncertain distance from the plate, but similarity of symptoms from aneurisms and mediastinal tumors are frequently cleared up by a skiagram. The skiagraphic detection of foreign bodies will frequently explain existing neurologic manifestations. The x-ray has been of great service in dental studies, and unerupted and malplaced teeth causing headaches, neuralgias, etc., are readily detected by its aid. The therapeutic action of the ray is shown in its analgesic action, palliative, and sometimes curative effects in neuralgia, and in its causing absorption or decrease in size of various growths and neoplasms, thus mitigating painful pressure symptoms. Kassabian thinks that further studies and advanced methods may show a still wider range of usefulness. (Journal of the American Medical Association, August 29, 1908.) TRANSPLANTATION OF VESSELS, ORGANS AND LIMBS. Dr. Alexis Carrel, New York, gives an account of the experimental work on animals in auto and heterotransplantation of vessels, organs, etc. He shows that vascular suturing, under aseptic conditions and correctly applied, gives excel lent results, but a fault of technic, even very slight, can be followed by obliterative thrombosis. Success depends less on the way of handling the needle or passing the threads, than on a knowledge of the causes determining a deposit of fibrin in the line of anastomosis, and their removal. Occasionally after transplantation of veins as a substitute for arteries, late obliteration may occur, hence this procedure seems to be a little less safe than the direct anastomosis of artery with artery. Carrel finds it possible, however, to preserve the vitality of extirpated arteries in Locke's solution at low temperature for some days or weeks, so that good results can be obtained after transplantation, though marked histologic changes take place. Other methods have been less successful. It is not always true, moreover, that the transplanted vessel must be from the same species of animal, but the success is greatest when the species are most closely related. Experiments with transplantation of various whole organs, such as the kidney and spleen, with re-establishment of their circulation by vascular anastomosis, have also been successful and transplanted kidneys have functionated normally. In case of glands like the thyroid, parathyroid and ovaries, the reestablishment of the circulation by anastomosis is hardly necessary, though in case of the ovary it might be advantageous. In heterotransplantation of the intestines the difficulty is to avoid infection which caused the failure of both of Carrel's experiments of this nature. Heterotransplantation of rather extensive anatomic regions, such as the ear and scalp, with their artery and vein, has been successfully done in a dog, and Carrel has succeeded in transplanting a leg from one dog to another. The difficulties here are chiefly surgical, and he says if further experiments in this line sufficiently demonstrate that the functions of the transplanted limb are reestablished, it may be permissible to try this operation in a suitable case on man. In a general way, however, it is necessary to emphasize that even a method that gives excellent results on animals must not be directly applied on man. There are marked anatomic and physiologic differences between the human tissues and organs and those of the dog and cat, and the methods should be modified accordingly. The experiments he records have been performed within the past two years, and it is too soon to tell what may be their practical value. (Journal of the American Medical Association, November 14.) TREATMENT OF CHRONIC URETHRITIS BY ZINC IONIZATION. Dr. Fenwick reports two cases in which zinc ionization treatment was followed by marked success. The cases were chronic and of long standing. After drying the urethral canal, a long, straight probe was wrapped with fine lint and soaked in zinc sulphate solution (2 per cent.) and passed through a cannula inserted in the urethra. The end of the probe was connected to the positive pole of a constant current battery and the negative pad was placed under the loins. Two milliampères of current were passed through for ten minutes. This treatment is repeated a few times until the discharge is stopped. The result is an immense improvement in both mental and physical health of the patient. (British Medical Journal, August 15, 1908.) TREATMENT OF PERNICIOUS ANÆMIA. Dr. L. Nicolayson gives an account of a case of pernicious anæmia treated by Crawitz's method. The patient was a man, thirty-three years old, who was admitted to the hospital after suffering for five weeks from anæmia and weakness. All the symptoms manifested by the patient were that of a typical case of pernicious anæmia. Treatment consisted of a strict diet of milk and vegetables, daily enemata, with arsenic and hydrochloric acid given by the mouth. Lavage of the stomach was not performed, owing to the strenuous objections on the part of the patient. After eight weeks in the hospital and a month's holiday in the mountains his general condition was excellent. He no longer felt dyspnoea on slight exertion, the temperature became normal, and the pulse was 68-80. The blood count showed 4,235,000 red cells and no abnormal cells, as compared with 1,300,000 red cells and numerous microcytes and megalocytes, and a marked poikilocytosis and polychromatophilia on admission to the hospital. The success obtained in this and similar cases tends to confirm the view that the disease is a toxæmia, caused by a deficiency of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice and a possibly subsequent splitting up of albu minous molecules into toxic bodies rather than to a primary disease of the blood or blood-forming organs. (The Lancet, November 7, 1908.) UROTROPIN TREATMENT OF LUMBAGO OF FEBRILE AFFECTIONS. Dr. Franz Weitlauer, in (Monatsh. f. prakt. Dermat., Vol. 39), greatly praises the use of Schering's urotropin. This drug does not develop an odor of ammonia or formaldehyde which is offensive to patients, as is done by some of the commercial hexamethylentetramins when they stand for some time. He recommends urotropin especially in influenzal lumbago and the lumbago USES OF ICHTHYOL IN THE PRACTICE OF GYNECOLOGY. Dr. Chesner directs attention to the excellent results obtained by the use of ichthyol in gynecologic practice. It is of decided benefit in congestion of all kinds, in inflammatory exudation in the genital region, chronic parametritis, inflammations of the ovary and Fallopian tubes, erosions of the cervix, cystitis, the various manifestations of gonorrhoea, and anal troubles. This is due to its bactericidal properties and power of relieving congestion. Ichthyol has also also proved valuable in rectal affections, fissures, fistulæ, piles, vulvar pruritis and eczema. (British Medical Journal, October 3, 1908.) X-RAYS AND HIGH-FREQUENCY IN THE TREATMENT OF LEPROSY. Dr. Matthews reports seven cases of leprosy treated with the x-rays, and claims by the results obtained that it is a valuable agent in all forms and stages of the disease. (Indian Medical Gazette, Calcutta.) X-RAY TREATMENT OF EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER. Dr. C. Thurston Holland, M.R., C.S., etc. (Archives of the Röntgen Ray, July, 1908) reports the results attained in the cure of exophthalmic goiter by the therapeutic action of the x-ray. He reports great benefit, especially in regard to the immediate drop in the pulse rate and its reduction; the amelioration of the muscular tremors and general nervousness; the reduction of the circumference of the neck in some of the cases. The exposures were of ten minutes' duration, the rays being filtered through two layers of thick boiler felt in order to prevent radiodermatitis, and were applied on alternate sides of the neck, two or three times weekly, according to the effects noted. (Medical Review of Reviews, September 28.) YEAST AS A DRESSING FOR BURNS. Dr. Plantier (Sem. Méd., November 6, 1907) reports the value of yeast as a very successful dressing for burns. He uses the yeast either fresh or dried, made into a paste with tepid boiled water, sterilized gauze bandages being impregnated with it. After the burn is disinfected these gauze bandages are applied and kept in place by lightly applied bandages, in order to prevent compression. If necessary, this dressing may be changed every day, or else every three or four days. The results obtained are exceedingly good-a rapid cure without any cicatricial deformity. (British Medical Journal, July 25.) Book Reviews INDEX CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY OF THE SURGEON-GENERAL'S OFFICE, UNITED STATES ARMY AUTHORS AND SUBJECTS. Second Series, Vol. XIII. Periodicity-Prussia. Washington Printing Office, 1908. This large volume of 929 pages is an index catalogue to the library of the surgeongeneral's office. The index is of the utmost value as it enables one to find all the works and literature on a medical subject which a writer may desire. It covers the ground from Periodicity to Prussia, mentioning all the works in the various languages dealing with the respective subjects, and gives references to books, pamphlets, and articles in periodicals. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE FOR THE YEAR 1906-1907. From July 1, 1906, to June 30, 1907. Harrisburg, Pa.: Harrisburg Publishing Co., State Printer, -1908. This volume is divided into two parts. Part I gives the reports of the various departments of instruction, and includes the treasurer's report. Part II contains the Agricultural Experiment Station. This work states clearly just what work has been performed in the various departments, and the results attained. Therefore in perusing this volume the reader is informed just what work is going on at the Pennsylvania State College. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR BUREAU OF THE CENSUS. S. N. D. North, Director Mortality Statistics, 1906. Seventh Annual Report. Washington Government Printing Office, 1908. This book gives a report of the mortality statistics in the registration area of the United States. The death rates have been stated separately for the black and white population where this was rendered necessary. Throughout the book are many tables which show the number of deaths, and a comparison of their numbers is made with those of preceding years. Also shows the different death rates caused by the various diseases in the registration area. Maps and diagrams also indicate the distribution of the population. This work, as a whole, stands preeminently as the best book for the purpose of securing mortality statistics. TRANSACTIONS OF THE THIRTY-THIRD ANNUAL MEETING OF THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, held in Columbus, Ohio, October 8-10, 1907. Cincinnati: The LancetClinic, 1908. The contributers to this book have presented the various subjects from their personal point of view. Some of the important and interesting subjects treated are: "When Should Gastric Ulcer be Treated Surgically?" "A Résumé of Gall-stone Factors," "The Treatment of Scarlet Fever as a Streptococcic Disease," "Alimentary Albuminuria," "Treatment of the Stump in Appendectomies," "Pregnancy when Complicated by Tuberculosis." The work sums up the modern thought and practice, and therefore can be confidentially consulted concerning the subjects treated. The writers of the articles have had wide experience, and therefore are enabled to speak confidentially on the subjects discussed. THE WONDER BOOK OF MAGNETISM. By Edwin J. Houston, Ph.D., Author of "The Wonder Book of Volcanoes and Earthquakes," "The Wonder Book of the Atmosphere," "The Wonder Book of Light," etc. With 77 Illustrations. Frederick A. Stokes Company, Publishers. New York. The science of magnatism, one of the most important branches of physics, has been described by the author in this handsome volume in a very interesting manner. In order to elucidate the difficult explanations with regard to the theory and explanation of the magnetic power, he has inserted a number of fairy stories which serve their purpose well. The author has traced the development of the knowledge of magnetism from the ancients to the present time, relating all the research work by the various pioneers in this broad field, and theories that were propounded to explain this invisible and mysterious force. He has presented the facts with scientific accuracy and in their correct historical context. In dealing with this force he also describes the cause, distribution, and peculiarities of the earth's magnetism. Other interesting chapters are: "The Auroral Light," "Mariners' Compass," "The Great Twin Brothers," "The Talking Newspaper," "Magnetism and Magic." The chapter especially interesting is, "Have Magnets Healing Powers?" In answering this question the author proves and states that this force is incapable of producing any effects whatever on the health of the human body. I venture to say that the young reader, after a perusal and digestion of the information contained in its pages, will recognize at length that this intricate subject has received an elucidation to which it had previously been a stranger. This book is certainly the best that has appeared on this subject. Casselberry, W. E., 40, 546. Cerny, S., 142. Chase, R. F., 78. Cheney, W. F., 135. Claisse, P., 172. Clark, J. G., 59, 351, 417. Clark, W. Irving, Jr., 169. Clock, R. O., 143. Clunet, 349. Goldan, S. Ormond, 355. Good, R. H., 77. Goodall, H. S., 546. Grace-Calvert, George A., 413. Gradle, H., 31. Granet, A., 80. Grant, S. G., 543. Graves, A., 138. Graves, W. P., 178, 196. Greene, C. L., 414. Griffin, O. A., 182. Grunberg, K., 195. Haig, A., 348. Hall, F. de H., 549. Harbin, R. M., 488. Harland, W. B. G., 83. Harmer, L., and Glastion, E., |