English Language. MARCH, ANGLO-SAXON READER, pp. 31-36; MORRIS, 1. In what points does the conjugation of strong and weak verbs differ? Discuss the term regular verbs. Are the modern verbs tell and hold strong or weak? Give reasons for your answer. 2. Say what is the tense and mood of the following verbs, and give the infinitive, 1st person singular, preterite indicative, and past participle of them :-Fleah, rypton, slogon, gelumpon, gecuron, by rged, fôr, adraf, geahnode, beah, alede, gedreccan, geald, ahte. 3. Give the history of the prefix ge-, showing what is its signification, where it occurs, what it afterwards developed into, and whether it now exists in the language. 4. State Grimm's law of the interchange of consonants, and give examples of regular interchange between English, German, and Latin. 5. Translate into Anglo-Saxon: (i) But the king, nevertheless, fought very boldly against him, with those men who would follow him. (ii) He who was before a mighty king, and lord of many a land, had then of all the land only a portion of seven feet. 6. Translate, with explanatory notes where necessary :March, Anglo-Saxon Reader, Chronicle, A.D. 991, 1066. Gregory, p. 35, ll. 1—14 ; p. 36, ll. 1—19. Translate at sight, and explain the words in italics : pá sáem heapere súhte sæt hine dá nánes dinges ne lyste on disse worulde, á óhte hé sæt hé wolde gesécan helle godw, ond onginnan him óleccan mid his hearpan, ond biddan sæt hí him ageafen eft his wif. pá hẻ xá sider com, xa sceolde cuman here helle hund ongeán hine, dæs nama wæs Cerverus, se sceolde habban rió hefdu, ond onfægnian mid his steorte, ond plegian wis hine for his hearpunga. 7. Translate, and explain the phrases :- (ii) Côm se cyning britiga sum. (iii) Elfred het timbrian lange scipu. (iv) Ethelred the Unready. (v) Onfeng aet fulwihte. (vi) Crismlysing. 8. Give in modern English: Proverbs of Ælfred, Nos. 4, 10, 12. Explain the phrase-He owned his guilt. Derive buxom. VIRGIL, AENEID V.; CESAR, DE BELLO GALLICO, I. 1. Translate :- Anaxagoras philosophus illustris erat, non modo prae opibus et genere, sed etiam ob animum sapientem. Ut sese studiis omnino dederet, amicis opes suas tradidit, et Athenas adiit. Quo ubi pervenit, apud eum veniebat Pericles, vir praestanti indole et virtute, pauperibus idem liberalissimus. Accedit tamen ut, rebus publicis magnopere studens, Pericles Anaxagorae oblivisci videretur. Quod aegerrime ferens senex, veste abducto capite, fame perire constituit. Quibus auditis Pericles ad Anaxagoram se contulit, eumque oravit ut viveret, et sapientem animum servaret, lucemque illam, quae sibi tantum boni praebuisset. Cui Anaxagoras, "Pericles," inquit, "quibus opus est lucerna, oleum praebent." Itaque ex eo tempore, Pericles maguo studio Anaxagoram semper coluit. 2. Decline fully the words marked in No. 1. 3. Give the degrees of comparison of infimus, prudeus, major, conscius, vetus, gracilis. 4. Give the perfect indicative and imperfect subjunctive of sterno, fodio, labor, misereor, pendeo, pendo, lugeo, gaudeo, lango. 5. Quibus auditis. What is the peculiarity of this construction? when can it be used? 6. State the uses of the (i) genitive; (ii) accusative; (iii) ablative in relation to time and place. 7. Translate :· (i) Having read the letter, the consul ordered them to be seized. (ii) Do you think that you understand this better than your master? (iii) Is it true, as some say, that souls go from one body into another? (iv) He could not tell how great the forces of the enemy were.Cæsar resolved to make a bridge across the Rhine in order that he might lead his forces across. 8. Translate: VIRGIL, Aeneid V., 45-63. CESAR, De Bello Gallico, I., Chap. III. Latin. Senior. VIRGIL, AENEID V.; LIVY, XXII. 1. Translate: : Nam quibusdam quos audio sapientes habitos in Graecia placuisse opinor mirabilia quaedam: partem fugiendas esse nimias amicitias, ne necesse sit unum sollicitum esse pro pluribus satis superque esse suarum cuique rerum; alienis nimis implicari molestum esse; commodissimum esse, quam laxissimas habenas habere amicitiae, quas vel adducas, quum velis, vel remittas; caput enim ad beate vivendum securitatem, qua frui non possit animus, si tanquam parturiat unus pro pluribus. 2. Translate and decline camp, country, levy, plain, burden, hunger. 3. Write down the imperfect subjunctive (1st person), passive, and the passive participle discindo, cogo, aperio, farcio, cano, cleno, fulgeo. 4. Translate: (i) Every living creature has its nature. (ii) We render every man his own. (iii) The better a man is, with the greater difficulty does he believe that others are wicked. (iv) You see what the case is; now consider what must be done. (v) Perhaps it will be asked how, since these things are so, the remainder of the war can be important. 5. Give examples of construction (i) with verbs of teaching, asking, striving; (ii) with the conjunctions ut, qui, dummodo, and quamvis; (iii) with the expressions nefas est, certum est, opus est. 6. State the rules of which the following are examples :— (i) Quod ferendum est molliter sapienti. (ii) Cui bono fuit? (iii) Athenienses cum silentio auditi sunt. (iv) Quod non opus est, asse carum est. (v) Si veteris contumeliae oblivisei vellet, nunc etiam recentium injuriarum memoriam deponere. 7. Translate with Notes: VIRGIL, Aeneid V. 45-63. Latin. VIRGIL, AENEID, VII.; HORACE, ARS POETICA. 1. Draw up a scheme for the principal uses of the Dative, giving examples. 2. Translate and explain carefully :— (i) Ego cur, acquirere pauca ei possum, invideor. (ii) Non satis est, pulchra esse poemata; dulcia sunto, et, quocunque volent, animum auditoris agunto. (iii) Achilles nihil non arroget armis. (iv) Cereus in vitium flecti. (v) Gragis dedit ore rotundo Musa loqui. (vi) Graeci praeter laudem nullius avari. 3. Translate, with brief notes :VIRGIL, Aeneid, VII. 563-584. HORACE, Ars Poetica, 289-301. 4. What are the principal uses of ne and -ne; nemo and nullus; et and -que; vel and -ve. 5. Translate: Nor do I agree with those who lately have begun to discuss this question, that the soul perishes at the same time with the body, and everything is destroyed by death. With me, the opinion of the ancients, or of our ancestors who were wont to pay such scrupulous tribute to the dead, has more weight; for they certainly would not have done so if they thought that the dead became as nothing; or, again, I agree with him whom the oracle of Apollo declared to be the wisest man, and who constantly maintained this same doctrine-not saying now this thing, and now the other, as many do-that the souls of men are immortal. 6. Translate, in as many different ways as possible :— (i) Others were left to protect the city. (ii) The war being finished, the chief men of the state came to Cæsar to offer their congratulations. (iii) Two ambassadors came, having been sent to observe and inquire into those matters. 7. Translate:— Sed hostes, donec agmen per saltus porrigeretur, immoti; dein latera et frontem modice adsultantes, tota vi novissimos incurrere turbahanturque densis Germanorum catervis leves cohortes, cum Cæsar, advectus ad vicesimanos, voce magna, "hoc illud tempus obliterandae seditionis" clamitabat : " pergerent, properarent culpam in decus vertere." Exarsere animis, unoque impetu perruptum hortem, redigunt in aperta, caeduntque: simul primi agminis copiae evasere sylvas, castraque communivere. Quietum inde iter: fidenoque recentibus, ac primorum oblitus miles, in hibernis locatur. Greek. Junior. XENOPHON, ANABASIS, III.; EURIPIDES, HECUBA. 1. Translate into English : νεανίσκος τις ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι ποτε ἦν, ὀνόματι Μελέαγρος, καλός τε καὶ ἀγαθὸς, ὁ δὲ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ Οἰνεὺς ἐβασίλευε Καλυδώνος. περὶ τούτου οὖν λόγος τις ἔστι τῶν πάλαι ποιητῶν, ὡς, παῖς ὢν νεογενὴς, ἔκειτο ποτε ἐν τοῖς βασιλείοις· ἔτυχε δὲ χειμὼν τότε ὢν, καὶ δαλὸς τις ἐκαίετο ἐπὶ τῆς ἐσχάρας· εἰσελθοῦσαι δὲ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν οἱ Μοῖραι εἶκον τῇ τοῦ παιδὸς μητρὶ ̓Αλθαία, ὡς ὁ Μελέαγρος τότε ἀποθανεῖται, ὅταν ὁ δαλὸς οὗτος ο καιόμενος κατακαύθῃ, ἀκούσασα δὲ ἡ ̓Αλθαία τὰ ὑπὸ τούτων λεγόμενα ἀνήρ πασευ εὐθὺς ἐκ τοῦ πυρὸς τὸν δαλὸν, καὶ σβέσασα αὐτὸν ἐσωζεν ἐν λάρνακι. 2. Parse fully the spaced words in Ques. 1, (i) declining the nouns and pronouns, (ii) comparing the adjectives, (iii) giving the principal parts of the verbs. What is the difference between ὁ ἀγαθὸς δικαστὴς and ἀγαθὸς ὁ δικαστής. What other peculiar usages are there of the Greek article? 4. Give the principal rules with examples for the use of the Greek genitive. Compare it, if you can, with the Latin ablative. 5. Translate: (i) It is in my power to become king. (ii) He arrived in time before the city was surrendered. (iii) The Athenians loved poets, the Spartans did not. (iv) It is good to be neither rich nor poor. (v) I thank you for what you have promised. (iv) What is this stone? 6. Translate :— XENOPHON, Anabasis, III., 4, § 1—4. EURIPIDES, Hecuba, 1—20. |