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within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.

Section 2. The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.

ARTICLE XIX1

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account

of sex.

Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

'Proclaimed August 26, 1920.

INDEX

Absent-voting laws, 699
Addystone Pipe and Steel Co. v. U. S.,

451

Administration, general nature, 64;
problems, 64-65; control by presi-
dent, 260-261; under the national
executive departments, 312-329;
control of Congress over, 396-398;
growth in the states, 639-640; de-
fects, 641-648; removals in, 643;
reform of, 648-652; control of in
cities, 757-758, 761-764
Administrative consolidation (state),
648-652

Administrative supervision of cities,
752-754

Advisory opinions, 115n, 674
Agriculture, federal Department of,
327-328

Alabama Midland Railway Co. v. In-
terstate Commerce Commission, 448
Alaska, government of, 447-478
Albany Congress, 104-105

Albany Plan of Union, 104
Alexander Murray

Charming Betsy, 184

บ. Schooner

Aliens, status in U. S., 180-181; nat-
uralization of, 185-188

Allegiance, an obligation of citizen-
ship, 79

Amending process, in national govern-
ment, 209-211, 215-216; in states,
560-571

Amendment of statutes, 597
American government, study of, 83-84
Annapolis convention, 126-127
Anti-Masonic party, 524-525
Anti-Trust Act (Sherman), 450
Appointment, power exercised by pre-

sident, 256-259; by governor, 633-
635; by mayor, 755-756, 762-763
Appropriations, by Congress, 420-422;
movement for budget system,
422; new machinery in House of
Representatives, 423-424; by states,
663-664

Arizona, admission of, 165

Articles of Confederation, adoption,
117-118; main features, 118-120;
defects, 120-122; attempts

[blocks in formation]

Bond issues in states, 669

British colonial policy, 88, 99-100
Brown v. Maryland, 172, 437
Brown v. Walker, 272

Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railway
Co., 408

Bryce, Lord, on nature, English con-
stitution, 37; classification of con-
stitutions, 40

Bryce, J., quoted, 141n, 147, 152, 159,
241-242

Bucks Stove and Range Co. v. Gom-
pers, 454

Budget and Accounting Act, 422-424
Budget procedure, in cities, 797-798;
in states, 648, 665-667; ancillary
reforms, 668; in cities, 756-757
Budget system adopted by Congress,
422-424

Bureau of Corporations, 451

to

Bureau of Efficiency, 306

amend, 122-123, 125

Assessment of taxes, 659-660

"Association" of 1774, 106-107

Bureau of Insular Affairs, functions,

320

Burke, Edmund, quoted, 93

[blocks in formation]

Calder v. Bull, 193

Calendars, in national House of Rep-
resentatives, 382-383

California, county home-rule, 733
Campaign funds, 698

Cannon, J. G., deprived of power as
speaker, 364-365

Canvassing officers, 703-704

Caucus, as means of nominating presi-

dential candidates, 235-236; work-
ings in national House of Repre-
sentatives, 365-366; functions, 367-
368

Centralized purchasing, 647-648
Challengers, 703

Charter systems, special charters, 746;
general charters, 747-748; classi-
fication, 748-750; home-rule, 750-
751; optional, 751
Charters, of cities, 744-745
Checks and balances, 553

Chicago, taxable personal property,
657

Chinese exclusion cases, 440
Chirac v. Chirac, 186

Circuit courts, state, 673-674
Circuit courts of appeals, federal, 502
Cities, growth of, 743; relation to
state government, 744; legal status,
744-745; legislation interference,
745-746; state supervision of, 752-
754; mayor-council form of govern-
ment, 755-764; commission form,
765-773; manager form, 773-776;
police department, 777-781; fire de-
partment, 781-783; health and sani-
tary department, 783-786; water
supply, 788-789; waste collection
and disposal, 789-791; streets, 791-
792; social welfare activities, 792-
793; education, 793-795; sources of
income, 796; indebtedness, 797;
budgetary methods, 797-798; ac-
counts, 798

Citizenship, rights, 77-78; obligations,

79-80; by birth, 183-185; by nat-
uralization, 185-189; defined, 182;
early opinions, 181-182; interstate,
176, 190; national and state, 182-
183; privileges of, 196-197; rights
pertaining to, 189-190; status of
territories and dependencies, 185-
186; protection abroad, 264
Civil service, extent in United States,
290-291; rise of spoils system, 299;

early reforms, 300; Pendleton Act,
300; merit system extended, 301;
Civil Service Commission, 301-302;
examinations, 302; comparison with
English system, 302-303; method of
appointment, 303-304; security of
tenure, 304; restraint on political
activity, 304-305; promotions, 306;
question of extending merit sys-
tem, 306-308; compensation, 308-
309; retirement allowances, 309-
310; reform in the states, 643-645;
in cities, 763

Civil Service Commission, national,
301-302; state, 644-645

Clerk, of national House of Represen-
tatives, 358

Closed primary, 693

Closure, in national House of Repre-
sentatives, 372, 385-386; in Senate,
374-375, 389

Cohens v. Virginia, 400

Colonial governments, beginnings, 83;
charters, 87-88; collapse of, 111;
democracy in, 96-98; uniformity,
87-88; variations, 86-87; governor,
89-91; legislature, 91-92; suffrage,
92-93; judiciary, 94-95; local gov-
ernment, 95-96

Colonial political ideas, 96-98
Colorado, civil service, 644n
Commerce, federal department of,
328-329

Commerce, under Articles of Confed-

eration, 123-124; regulatory power
given to Congress, 170-172, 434;
restrictions on this power, 434-435;
meaning of, 435-436; modes of reg.
ulating with foreign nations, 437-
440; regulating among the states,
441-444; Interstate Commerce Act,
444-447; work of Interstate Com-
merce Commission, 447-450; anti-
trust legislation, 450-452; Federal
Trade Commission, 452-453; rela-
tion of state and national control,
454-455

Commission government, in cities,

development, 766-767; essential and
incidental features, 767-771; de-
fects, 771-772; merits, 772-773
Commission-manager government, in
cities, spread, 773; selection of man-
agers, 774; manager's functions,
774-775; results, 776

Committee of selection, in national
House of Representatives, 370
Committee of the whole, in national
House of Representatives, 384-385
Committee on appropriations, in na-
tional House of Representatives,
420-422

Committee on rules, dominance in
House of Representatives, 372-373
Committee on ways and means, in
national House of Representatives,
416

Committees, formerly appointed by
speaker in House of Representa-
tives, 364; control by caucus, 367-
368; number and size, 369; ap-
pointment, 369-370; seniority rule,
371; dominance of committee on
rules, 372-373; steering committee,
373; in Senate, 375-376; hearings
and procedure, 380-382; privileges,
383-384; committee of whole, 384-
385; consideration of tariff meas-
ures, 416-417; in state legislatures,
608-613; reorganization of, 610-
611; defects in, 612-613; in Ohio,
611-612; references on, 613n
Concurrent powers, 151

Conference committees, in Congress,
389-391, 612n

Congress, war powers, 269-270; con-
vened in special session by presi-
dent, 274; messages from the presi-
dent, 274-276; presidential veto,
276-281; other means of presiden-
tial influence, 281-282; control over
the president, 284; need of presi-
dential leadership, 285-286; pro-
posed admission of heads of depart-
ments, 286-287; requests upon de-
partments for information, 296;
possessor of sole national legisla-
tive authority, 334; why bicameral,
335; election of House of Rep-
resentatives, 336-341; regulation of
election of members, 341; term of
congressmen, 342; qualifications,
343-345; federal basis of Senate,
345-346; proposed change, 346-347;
direct popular election adopted, 349-
352; term and continuity of Sen-
ate, 352; qualifications of senators,
353; compensation and privileges of
members, 353-354; sessions, 356-
357; organization of House, 357-
359; rules, 359-361; the Speaker
and his powers, 361-365; power of
caucus, 365-368; number and size
of committees, 369-370; appoint-
ment of committees, 370; domin-
ance of committee on rules, 372-
373; organization of Senate, 373-
374; closure in Senate, 374-375;
Senate committees and rules, 376-
377; physical environment, 378-379;
introduction of bills, 379-380; com-
mittee procedure, 380-382; the cal-
endars, 382-383; House procedure,
383-387; Senate procedure, 387-389;

conference committees, 389-391;
publicity of proceedings, 391-392;
impeachment procedure, 392-394;
miscellaneous functions, 395-398;
nature of legislative power, 398;
express and implied powers, 399-
400; resulting powers, 400-401;
police powers, 401; permissive and
mandatory powers, 401-402; ex-
clusive and concurrent powers, 402-
403; specific constitutional limita-
tions, 403-404; limitations on tax-
ing power, 406-409; revenue legis-
lation, 415-418; appropriations, 420-
421; budget system adopted, 422-
424; establishment of banking sys-
tem, 425-429; regulation of the
currency, 429-432; power to regu-
late commerce, 434-436; modes of
regulating foreign commerce, 437-
440; regulation of interstate com-
merce, 441-444; passes Interstate
Commerce Act, 444-447; anti-trust
legislation, 450-454; regulation of
bankruptcy, 458-459; regulation of
weights and measures, 459-460;
control of copyrights, 460-461; con-
trol of patents, 460-461; control of
postal affairs, 463-465; war powers,
465-466; war-time legislation, 467-
468; suspension of writ of habeas
corpus, 468-469; regulation of mili-
tia, 469; power to acquire territory,
473-474; power to govern territory,
474-477; control over District of
Columbia, 489; possible control over
judiciary, 513-514; references on,
354-355, 377, 394, 404, 432-433, 456-
457

Congress of the Confederation, 119-

121

Congressional procedure, 220-221
Congressional Record, 392
Connecticut compromise, 135
Constitution, varying uses of term,
35-36; in England, 36-37; develop-
ment in written form, 37; never
wholly in written form, 38; distin-
guished from statutes, 39; contents,
39; modes of growth, 40-42; enu-
meration of rights, 76
Constitution (state), length, 556-558;
contents, 559-560; amendment, 560-
570; future of, 570-571
Constitution (U. S.), character of,
140-141; compromises in, 131-132,
135-136; drafting of, 129, 137;
objections to, 138; ratification,
139-140; put into effect, 140;
sources, 142
Constitutional conventions (state),
565-570; calling, 565-567; size, 567;

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