Cooley, T. M., quoted, 194
Cooley v. Wardens of the Port, 172, 455
Copyright, controlled by Congress, 460-461
Coroner, 729-730, 736
Corporate charters, as contracts, 174 Corporate excess, 655
Corrupt practices laws, 697-698 Council (city), decline of, 757-758;
structure, 758-759; bicameral, 759; ordinances, 759-760; in New York, 758n
Council, governor's, 91, 636n County, origins, 716-717; general fea-
tures, 717-718; functions, 718-719; legal status, 719; county board, 722-726; sheriff, 726-727; prosecut- ing attorney, 727-729; coroner, 729- 730; clerk, 730; other officers, 730; unsatisfactory condition of govern- ment, 732-733; remedies, 733-737; relations to city, 737; surveys, 739- 740; means of reform, 740-741; ref- erences on, 731, 741-742 Court clerk, 730, 736-737 Court of Claims, 512 Courts. See Judiciary Criminal procedure, in federal courts, 497-498
Cummings v. Missouri, 193
Currency, chaotic condition before 1789, 430; regulated by Congress, 173, 430-432
Customs Appeals, court of, 512 Czechoslovakia, recognized, 9
Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 174,
Declaration of Independence, 108, 110, 111, 117-118 Declaratory judgment, 684 Delaware survey, 740 De Lima v. Bidwell, 408 Democracy, advantages and disadvan- tages, 47-48; in colonies, 97
Democratic party, machinery for nominating president, 237-238; or- igins, 524; rehabilitation, 530; is- sues, 531-533, 535 Departments, federal, general fea- ures, 291-294; how heads are select- ed, 292-294; functions of heads, 294-296; described, 312-330; move- ment for reorganization, 330-332 Diplomatic service, 314-315 Direct legislation, 600-605; states hav-
ing, 600n; in Massachusetts, 601n, 602, 603, 604n, 605n; arguments for, 604; objections to, 604-605; references on, 606-607
Direct primary, 693-694
Disputed Presidential Election Act (1887), 249
District courts, federal, 501-502 District of Columbia, government of,
Districts, kinds and functions, 805-808 Dooley v. U. S., 408
Dorr rebellion, 162
Double election boards, 704
Downes v. Bidwell, 408
"Due process,
," 194-196, 685-686
Economics, relation to political sci- ence, 6-7
Education, administration in cities, 793-795
Educational qualifications, 203-204 Eighteenth Amendment, 211n, 213-214 Election, of president and vice-presi- dent, 232-252; of congressmen, 336- 341; of senators, 348-352; of mem- bers of state legislature, 574; of governor, 624-625; laws, 701; offi- cers, 701-705; system criticized, 706- 709
Electoral college, 220, 246-248 Electorate, relation to government and people, 68-70; composition, 70-71; questions pertaining to, 71; in co- lonial period, 93; in early states, 113; women admitted to, 200-203; qualifications of, 203-207; general features today, 698-699 Electrical voting, 597n Eleventh amendment, 212 Elk v. Wilkins, 184
Embargoes, laid by Congress, 437 Emergency acts, 601n
Emergency Fleet Corporation, 439 Eminent domain, 192-193 England, nature of constitution, 36- 37, 39; rise of representative gov- ernment, 48; basis of individual rights, 76-77; civil service, 302-303 Equalization of assessments, 660 Escanaba Co., v. Chicago, 166, 455
Executive, as a branch of government, 61-62; single and plural, 62; hered- itary and elective, 62; modes of election, 63; problem of in 1787, 226; decision reached, 226-227 (see President, Governor, Mayor) Executive agreement, nature and ef- fects, 267-268
Executive budget, 665-666
Executive council, in states, 636n Exporter Combination Law (Webb),
Ex post facto laws, 193-194 Extradition, interstate, 177-178
Family, as possible origin of the state, 18-19
Farm Loan Board, 429-430 Farmer-Labor party, 537-538 Federal convention (1787), called, 127; compromises in, 131-132, 135- 136; organization and procedure, 130-131; personnel, 129-130; prob- lems before, 131-134; report to Con- gress, 137-138
Federal government, nature, 53; ad- vantages, 53-54; defects, 54-55; ten- dencies away from, 56 Federal guarantees, 191-192 Federal reserve banks, 428-429 Federal Reserve Board, 429-430 Federal Trade Commission, 452-453 Federalist, 124n, 137n, 139-140, 162n Federalist party, 519-522 Fifteenth Amendment, 198, 204, 206,
Filibustering, in Senate, 388-389 Finance (municipal), sources of in-
come, 796; indebtedness, 797; bud- getary methods, 797-798; accounts, 798-799
Finance (national), part of Treasury Department in, 316-319; restric- tions on taxing power, 406-409; scope of taxing power, 409; mo- tives of taxation, 409-410; national revenues, 410-413; collection of revenue, 413-414; revenue, legisla- tion, 415-418; expenditures, 419- 420; appropriations, 421-422; bud- get system adopted, 422-424; bor- rowing money, 424-425; national banking system, 425-427; federal reserve system, 428-429; federal land banks, 429-430; currency sys- tem, 430-432
Finance (state), sources of revenue, 654-655; general property tax, 655- 659; assessment, 659-662; collection of taxes, 662; custody of funds, 662-663; appropriations, 663-665;
budget systems, 665-668; indebted- ness, 668-669
Fire department, in cities, 781-783 First Continental Congress, 105-106 Fourteenth Amendment, 182, 190, 194, 207, 212
France, constitution, 38 Franklin, B., 103, 104 Free Soil party, 527-528
"Full faith and credit" clause, 175- 176
Garner, J. W., views on functions of the state, 29-30
General property tax, features of, 655- 657; substitutes for, 658-659 Gerrymander, of congressional dis- tricts, 340-341; of legislative dis- tricts, 582-583 Gibbons v. Ogden, 172
Gonzales v. Williams, 186 Government, reasons for studying, 4- 5; distinguished from state, 14; form regulated by constitution, 35; classifications, 43-44; autocratic, 43; oligarchic, 44; popular, 44-45; disadvantages of democracy, 47; representative principle, 48; advan- tages of representative plan, 49; territorial distribution of powers, 51-52; federal, 53-56; functional distribution of powers, 56-58; structure influenced by distribution of powers, 59; presidential and cabinet forms, 63; rights as
against, 75 Governor, early position, 113-114; election, 624-625; qualifications, 625; term, 625; salary, 625; re- moval, 625-626; successor, 626; veto power, 626-630; messages, 631- 632; leadership, 631-632; appoint- ing powers, 633-635; budget-mak- ing, 631; power of direction and removal, 635-636;
powers, 636 Governor's council, colonial, 91; state, 636n
Grandfather clauses, 205-206
Grant, U. S., seeks third term, 227 Greenback movement, 532 Guam, government of, 488 Guinn v. U. S., 206
Habeas Corpus, suspension of writ of, 468-469
Habeas Corpus Act, 97
Hagar v. Reclamation District, 195 Hamilton, A., favored life tenure for president, 227
Hammer v. Dagenhart, 409, 508
Harding, W. G., invites vice-president into cabinet, 229; advocates admin- istrative reorganization, 331-332 Hare system, 585-586 Harrington, J., 96
Hawaii, government of, 478-480 Hayes, R. B., elected president in 1876, 249
Health departments, in cities, 783-785; in New York, 785-786 Henry v. A. B. Dick Co., 462 Hepburn v. Griswold, 431
History, relation to political sci- ence, 7
Hollingsworth v. Vermont, 210
Home-rule, in counties, 733; in cities, 750-751
House of Representatives; see Con- gress and Representatives, House of Hylton v. U. S., 406
Illinois, assessment of taxes, 659; leg- islature, 610, 612, 616; state ad- ministration, 645-646; civil admini- strative code, 650-651; appropria- tion bills, 664n
Illinois Cities and Villages Act, 747- 748
Illinois Committee on Efficiency and Economy, Report, 644n Illinois tax amendment, 564 Immigration, regulation by Congress, 440-441; administration, 441 Impeachment, 114, 392-394, 625, 683, 709
Implied powers, 153-154
Income tax, declared unconstitutional by Supreme Court, 213, 407; au- thorized by Sixteenth Amendment, 213, 408
Indebtedness (state), 594 Indiana legislature, 598-599 Indictments, 677
Informations., 677-678
Initiative, for constitutional amend-
ments, 560-563; for statutes, 600- 605
In Re Neagle, 513
Insular decisions,_476
Interior, federal Department of, 324- 327
Intermediate courts, 675
International law, rise, 32; nature, 33-
Interstate citizenship, 176, 190 Interstate commerce. See Commerce Interstate Commerce Act, 444-447 Interstate Commerce Commission, 447- 450
Interstate Commerce Commission v. Cincinnati, etc., Railway Co., 448
Judge-made law, 217-219
Judges (state), removal, 682-684; re- tirement, 683n; selection, 679-682; term, 673, 674
Judicial interpretation, 217-219 Judicial review, 115, 156-157, 158, 557- 558, 679, 684-686, 687n
Judiciary, general nature, 66-67; kinds of courts, 67; independence, 67-68
Judiciary (national), reasons for creation, 491-493; scope of power, 493-494; jurisdiction on ground of subject-matter, 494; and on ground of nature of the parties, 495; exclusive and concurrent ju- risdiction, 495-496; how cases are brought, 496-497; criminal jurisdic- tion, 497-498; civil jurisdiction, 498-499; equity cases, 499; admi- ralty cases, 499; district courts, 501-502; circuit courts of appeals, 502; composition and character of Supreme Court, 502-504; procedure, 504-505; review of legislation, 505- 509; relation to other branches of government, 513-515
Judiciary (state), removal of cases to federal courts, 496; appeal to federal courts, 496-497; court offi- cials, 676; court procedure, 679; defects of court organization, 678- 679; court reports, 675n; court offi- cials, 676; defects, 678-680; pro- posed changes, 681-686 Juillard v. Greenman, 431 Jury system, 676-678
Jus sanguinis, 183-184 Jus soli, 184-185
Justice, federal Department of, 321- 323
Justices of the peace, 671-672
Kentucky v. Dennison, 178 Knownothing party, 526-527 Knox v. Lee, 431
Labor, federal Department of, 328-330 Lands, public, 326
Lapp, J. A., quoted, 598-599
League of Nations, organization, 33- 34
Legislation (state), subjects of, 618, 619-620; executive and, 620-621 Legislative caucus, 692 Legislative districts, 581-583 Legislative ordinances, 759-760 Legislative reference libraries, 618- 619
Legislative removal, 683
Legislature, functions in general, 60; questions of structure, 60-61; in colonial period, 91-94; in states in Revolutionary period, 114; bicam- eral form in present states, 574-577; movement for unicameral form, 578- 579; composition, 579-588; powers, 589-592; non-legislative functions, 590n; restrictions, 592-595; proce- dure, 596-597, 609n, 613-616; ses- sions, 597-599, 630; check by initia- tive and referendum, 599-606; offi- cers, 608; committees, 608-613; per- sonnel, 580-581, 616-617; bill-draft- ing, 617-618; sources of informa- tion, 618-619; the lobby, 621-622 Leisy v. Hardin, 172
Liberty, necessary restraints on, 73 Liberty party, 527-528
Lieutenant-governor, 626, 636
Lincoln, A., use of war power, 270- 271
List system, 586-587 Lobby, 621-622
Local government, 95-96, 554, 715ff Locke, J., 96
Loewe v. Lawlor, 454
Long ballot, 707
Louisiana, parishes, 733n Luther v. Borden, 162
McCray v. U. S., 171
McCulloch v. Maryland, 154, 168-169 McKane v. Durston, 195 McPherson v. Blocker, 247 "Machines" and state administra- tion, 647
Madison, J., 125, 131, 140, 147 Manager, in cities, 773-776 Marbury v. Madison, 157, 400, 505 Marshall, J., quoted, 154, 169 Martin v. Mott, 469
Maryland, budget system, 594, 666; county home-rule, 733 Massachusetts, initiative in, 601n, 604n, 605n; referendum in, 601n, 605n; legislature, 615-616 Mayor, salary and term, 755; powers and duties, 755-757; in Boston, 756; in New York, 757 Mayor-council government, 755ff
New England Confederation, 104 New Jersey, civil service pension, 645n
New Jersey plan, 132
New York and New Jersey agreement, 167n
New York City, board of estimate and control, 665n; health depart- ment, 785-786
New York committee on reconstruc- tion, report, 648n, 652, 665n New York (state), administration, 642, 646n; appropriation bills, 664n; legislature, 575-576, 615 Nineteenth amendment, 198, 201, 214 Nomination, of president, 235-245; in states, 692-694
Non-partisan ballot, 688n, 690-691 Northwest Ordinance, 165, 472-473
Obedience, an obligation of citizen- ship, 79-80
Obligation of contracts, 173-174 Ohio legislature (1919), 577, 581n, 611-612, 668n
Oklahoma, Constitution of, 593 Oligarchy, as a form of government, 44
Open primary, 693
Optional charters, in counties, 733; in cities, 751
Ordinances, made by president, 261- 262; in cities, 759-760 Original package doctrine, 172
Pacific Insurance Co. v. Soule, 406 Pacific States Tel. and Tel. Co. v. Oregon, 163
Panama Canal Zone, government of, 488
Parcel post, 464-465
Pardon, power wielded by president, 272-273
Parties, political, uses, 517; two- party system, 518; periods in his- tory, 519; Federalists, 519-521; Jeffersonian Republicans, 519-523; National Republicans, 523-524; Whigs, 524-526; Democrats, 524, 530-535; Anti-Masons, 524-525; Knownothings, 526-527; Republi- cans, 528-535; Free Soilers, 527- 528; Prohibitionists, 532-533; Pro- gressives, 533-534; Populists, 536- 537; Socialists, 537; Farmer-Labor, 537-538; platforms, 538; organiza- tion, 538-541; finance, 541-543; activity in the states, 689; non- partisan elections, 690-691; nom- inating methods, 692-694; state and local committees, 694-696; activi- ties in the states, 696-712 Patents, administration,
controlled by Congress, 461-462; price-fixing under, 462-463 Pendleton Act, 300-301 Pennsylvania legislature, 611, 615n Pensions, for federal employees, 309- 310; in New Jersey, 645n Personal property tax, 656-658 Philippines, early military govern- ment, 483; civil government, 483- 484; organic law of 1916, 484-485; the legislature, 485-486; the execu- tive, 486; the judiciary, 486-487; question of independence, 487 Platform, framed in national conven- tion, 243, 538
Plurality elections, 709
Pocket veto, of president, 277; of gov- ernor, 627
Police department, in cities, 777-781 Police magistrates, 673
Police power, 195-196
Political machines," 696
Political science, relation to other social sciences, 6-7
Polling officials, 702-704
Pollock v. Farmers' Loan and Trust Co., 213, 407
Population, necessary element of a state, 9
Populist party, 536-537
Porto Rico, government of, 480- 483
Postal savings-banks, 464 Postmaster-General, 323-324 Post-office, federal Department of, 323-324; functions, 463-464; air mail service, 465
Preferential ballot, 709
President, term, 227; re-eligibility, 227; proposed six-year term, 228; qualifications, 230; salary and al- lowances, 230-231; immunities, 231; original mode of election, 232-233; contested election of 1800, 233- 234; Twelfth Amendment, 234-235; early modes of nomination, 235- 236; nomination in national conven- tions, 237-245; electoral campaigns, 245-246; choice of electors, 246- 247; election by minority, 247; electoral count, 248-251; proposed electoral changes, 251-253; sources of executive power, 254-255; mag- nitude of power, 255-256; power of appointment and its restrictions, 256-259; power of removal, 259- 260; power of direction, 260-261; ordinance power, 261-262; control over foreign relations, 262-268; war powers, 268-272; powers of par- don and reprieve, 272-273; conven- ing Congress in special session, 274; messages, 274-276; veto power, 276- 281; other means of controlling legislation, 281-282; party leader- ship, 282-284; steady growth of power, 284-285; selection of heads of departments, 292-294; relations with cabinet, 296-298; references in, 231, 253, 273, 290 Preventive justice, 679, 684 Primary, in nominating presidential candidates, 240-241; in state and local elections, 693-694
Privileges of citizenship, 197ff Probate courts, 673-674 Progressive party, 533-534
Prohibited powers, national govern- ment, 151; states, 151-152 Prohibition party, 532-533 Proportional representation,
system, 585-586; list system, 586-
Prosecuting attorney, 727-729, 736 Publicity pamphlets, 604n, 605n, 697n
« ForrigeFortsett » |