Beyond the Tragic Vision: The Quest for Identity in the Nineteenth Century

achieve aesthetic surface alienated appears artist Balzac Baudelaire beauty Beethoven Berlioz Brahms Bruckner Byron Carlyle century Cézanne character Christianity color conception consequence Constable conventions create cultural Debussy Delacroix divine emotional Enlightenment European existence experience Faust feel forces French Revolution Friedrich frustration Gauguin Goethe gratification human Human Comedy ideas identity illusion imagination individual instrument live Lohengrin Madame Bovary Mallarmé meaning ment Mephistopheles metaphysical mind moral moral responsibility nature Nietzsche nineteenth nineteenth-century nothingness notion novel objectist organism orientative drive painter painting Paracelsus paradise Parsifal pattern perceive perhaps personality Philistine piano poem poet poetry possible present problem psychic reality reason redeemed redemption role Schopenhauer Schumann seen sense social social alienation society stage of stylism Stendhal structure style stylistic Swinburne symbol symphony Tannhäuser theme thing tion tradition transcendental hero transcendentalist unique violation vision Wagner Werther word Wordsworth Wotan