mean the products usually so called, made exclusively from milk or cream, with salt and rennet and with or without coloring matter or sage. Each butter or cheese package must be branded with its weight and the name of the manufacturer. IMITATION BUTTER AND CHEESE.-Any article made wholly or partly out of any fat, oil, etc., not from pure milk or cream, artificially colored in imitation of pure yellow butter, is prohibited; but oleomargarine and imitation cheese are permitted, if free from artificial color and in original package, encircled by a wide black band bearing the name of the maker and having the name of the contents plainly branded on them with a hot iron. Retail sales shall be accompanied by a printed card on which the name of the substance and the address of the maker are plainly printed, and the customer shall be orally informed of the character of the article at the time of sale.

MISCELLANEOUS.-It is unlawful for any person to use a milk can belonging to another and marked with the owner's name or initials without his consent. If they are so used and found, their contents may be emptied.

Cows shall be properly cared for and fed. Milch cows kept in towns shall be registered. State dairy commissioner shall be notified when any of them are supposed to be diseased.

PURE FOOD.-An article of food or drink is deemed to be adulterated if any inferior or injurious substance has been added to it, if any valuable constituent has been removed, if it is an imitation of or sold as another article, if it is diseased or decomposed, if it is colored to conceal inferiority, etc. With the exception of articles named by the board of health and ordinary articles of food, which shall be branded, such articles are prohibited.

MISCELLANEOUS.-City councils shall provide for the inspection of dairy products. PURE FOOD.-Any article of food or drink shall not be knowingly sold if it is unhealthy, or if any valuable constituent has been removed from it, or if it contains ingredients not asked for, unless notice is given to the purchaser. The use of an injurious coloring matter or any diseased or decomposed substance in the manufacture of food is prohibited.

NEW YORK.

COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE.- -Commissioner of agriculture is appointed by the governor; term of office, three years: salary, $4,000 per annum. He may appoint assistant commissioners, chemists, clerks, agents, and counsel necessary for the work of his office and fix their compensation; also may appoint five expert butter and cheese makers to inspect factories, give instruction, etc. MILK.-Milk standard. 12 per cent. solids, 3 per cent. fat. Pure milk is defined as sweet and unadulterated; pure cream is that taken from such milk. Milk shall not be kept in unclean vessels nor in unsanitary places. All cans, etc., containing milk to be sold in counties other than where produced, must be plainly branded with name of the county of production; vehicles from which it is sold must be similarly marked. Glass bottles are excepted from the provision, but they must bear the name of the vendor. Skimmed milk.Skim milk may be delivered to skim-cheese factories, and except in New York and Kings counties, it may be sold as skimmed milk for use in the county where it is produced or an adjoining county. Condensed milk.-Condensed milk must be made from pure and wholesome milk, and its proportion of milk solids shall be in quantity the equivalent of 12 per cent. of milk solids in crude milk, of which 25 per cent. shall be fat. All packages of condensed milk shall be labeled with name of manufacturer, etc. Adulterated milk.Adulterated milk is defined as any below the standard, or which has been

altered, or any from cows poorly cared for or fed certain unwholesome foods.. Its sale, exchange, delivery to a butter or cheese factory, or use for any food is prohibited. Pure skim milk is excepted as above.

BUTTER AND CHEESE.-Butter and cheese are defined as the products of the dairy usually known by those terms, manufactured exclusively from pure unadulterated milk or cream, with or without salt, rennet, coloring matter, or sage. False brands are prohibited. County trade-marks may be adopted by county dairymen's associations. A registered brand, with the words "New York. state full cream cheese," for use on full milk cheese and their packages, will be furnished to factories applying to the commissioner of agriculture. Skim cheese.-Pure skim cheese may be made from clean, pure skim milk. IMITATION BUTTER AND CHEESE.-The terms oleomargarine, butterine, imitation butter, or imitation cheese mean any article in the semblance of butter or cheese not the usual product of the dairy and not made exclusively from unadulterated milk, or having any oil, lard, melted butter, etc., as a component part. Imitation butter.-The manufacture of oleomargarine or any article in imitation of butter wholly or partly from fats or oils not produced from milk, or the sale or the use in hotels, etc., of such articles, is prohibited. No article intended as an imitation of butter and containing oils, fats, etc., not from milk, or melted butter in any condition, shall be colored yellow. Imitation cheese.-The manufacture or sale of any article in imitation of pure cheese, into which any animal fat, oil, or butter, etc., is introduced, is prohibited.

MISCELLANEOUS.-Milch cows shall not be kept in an unsanitary condition nor be fed distillery waste, spoiled feeds, or any food that injures milk; silage is permitted.

Unless factory operator buys all the milk delivered, he shall not use any of it or its products without consent of the owners, and he must keep an account of all factory operations for the inspection of his patrons.

NORTH CAROLINA.

MILK. (No law.)

BUTTER.-Butter is defined as the product manufactured from fresh and pure milk and cream.

CHEESE. (No law.)

IMITATION BUTTER.-Oleomargarine and butterine are defined as articles manufactured in imitation of butter, and which are composed of any ingredient or ingredients in combination with butter. Original packages shall be labeled with chemical ingredients and their proportions. IMITATION CHEESE.-(No law.)

MISCELLANEOUS.-District, county, and city attorneys shall prosecute offenders. PURE FOOD.-An article of food or drink is deemed adulterated if any inferior or injurious substance has been added to it, if any valuable constitutent has been removed, if it is an imitation of or sold as another article, if it is colored to conceal inferiority, if it is decomposed or unfit for food, etc.; with the exception of certain foods whose ingredients are known, such articles are prohibited.

NORTH DAKOTA.

DAIRY COMMISSIONER.-The state commissioner of agriculture and labor is exofficio state dairy commissioner.

MILK. (No law.)

BUTTER AND CHEESE.-Butter and cheese are defined as the products usually known by those names, and which are manufactured exclusively from milk or cream. Creameries and cheese factories shall brand each package of butter or cheese, giving quality of product, number of factory, etc. The brands are registered with the dairy commissioner. IMITATION BUTTER.-Wholesale and retail packages of any article in semblance of butter, not made wholly from pure milk or cream, and containing melted butter, oils, or fats, etc., shall be plainly marked "Oleomargarine," "Butterine," or "Patent butter." Butter made by any process by which casein of

milk or other ingredients are made to take the place of pure fat shall be plainly marked "Patent butter." Sales of imitation butter shall be accompanied by a printed card giving the different ingredients.

IMITATION CHEESE.-Packages containing any substance designed to take the place of cheese, or in imitation of cheese, not produced wholly from pure milk, shall be stamped with the name of their contents. Sales of imitation cheese shall be accompanied by a printed card giving the different ingredients. MISCELLANEOUS.-(No law.)

DAIRY AND FOOD COMMISSIONER.-State dairy and food commissioner is elected at the general elections; term of office, two years; salary, $2,000 per year. He shall give bond for $5,000. May appoint two assistant commissioners at salaries of $1,000 per year; also appoint and fix the compensation of experts, chemists, agents, etc., as are necessary. Detailed annual report shall be made to the governor. Authority extends to all foods and drugs. Appropriation for 1898, $42,600.

MILK.-Milk standard, 12 per cent. solids, 3 per cent. fat; in May and June, 111⁄2 per cent. solids. Skimmed milk.-Skimmed milk shall not be sold as pure milk, but it may be used for making skimmed cheese; cans containing it shall be plainly marked "Skimmed milk." Condensed milk.-Condensed milk shall be made from pure fresh milk; the proportion of milk solids shall be equivalent to 12 per cent. in crude milk, of which 25 per cent. shall be fat; package containing same shall be plainly labeled with true name, brand, and name of manufacturer. Adulterated milk.-The sale of adulterated, skimmed, unclean, unhealthy, etc., milk, and that from sick cows, or its delivery to a factory, is prohibited.

BUTTER AND CHEESE.-Butter and cheese are defined as the products usually known by those names, and made wholly from pure milk or cream, with salt, and with or without harmless coloring matter, and, if cheese, with or without rennet and sage. Butter.-Standard for butter, 80 per cent. fat. Cheese. Register brands with the words "Ohio state full cream cheese" are issued to factories for use on full milk cheese and their packages upon application to the dairy and food commissioner and payment of fee of $1. Skimmed cheese.-Cheese as above defined, and containing less than 20 per cent. fat, shall be plainly marked, and have its package marked, "Skimmed cheese" packages sold at retail shall be accompanied by a label similarly marked; exposed contents of a package shall be labeled as above with a placard, and a sign "Skimmed cheese sold here" shall be posted where it is sold; delivery wagons shall display similar signs; notice shall be given of its use in public eating places. IMITATION BUTTER AND CHEESE.-With the exceptions noted below, any article in imitation of natural butter or cheese, and containing animal or vegetable oils not produced from milk, or acids, is prohibited. Any other substance not made wholly from pure milk or cream, salt, and harmless coloring matter, and appearing to be butter or cheese, may be sold only under its true name. Each roll or package shall be plainly marked with its name and the names of its ingredients, and the same shall be on a label delivered with each sale, in connection with which the use of such words as "butter," "dairy," etc., are prohibited; information as to the substance shall be given at all retail sales; it shall not be packed so as to be concealed by a finer grade of butter; its use in state charitable and penal institutes is prohibited. Signs shall be used as described below. Oleomargarine.-Oleomargarine is defined as any substance not pure butter of not less than 80 per cent. butter fat, and made for use as butter. It is permitted if free from coloring matter or other ingredient to cause it to look like butter, and made in such form and sold in such manner as will advise the consumer of its real character. Filled cheese.-Any article in imitation of cheese and not made wholly of milk or cream, etc., and containing any fats, oils, etc., not produced from milk or cream, shall be plainly marked, and have its package or the exposed contents of any package marked "Filled cheese;" each

retail sale shall be accompanied by a label similarly marked; it shall not be sold as cheese. Signs. The signs "Oleomargarine sold here" or "Filled cheese sold here" shall be displayed wherever these articles are sold, and signs and verbal information are required in public eating places where the articles are used; wagons delivering filled cheese shall display signs. MISCELLANEOUS.-Milch cows shall not be kept in a cramped or unhealthy condition, nor fed unhealthy food, or food which produces unwholesome milk. Keeping a false account of milk delivered to a factory is prohibited. False brands on dairy products or their imitations are prohibited. PURE FOOD.-Any article of food or drink is adulterated, if any inferior or poisonous substance has been mixed with it, if any valuable ingredient has been removed, if it is an imitation of or sold under the name of another article, if it is decomposed, infected, or from a diseased animal, if it is colored to conceal inferiority, etc.; such articles are prohibited. But certain common mixtures are permitted if packages are labeled with names of ingredients, etc.

OKLAHOMA.

MILK.-Adulterated milk.-Milk from a cow not in proper condition of health, or any milk adulterated by water or a deleterious substance, or colored, shall not be sold or delivered.

PURE FOOD.-The adulteration of food or drink with fraudulent intent is a misdemeanor. Buyer shall be informed if provisions are diseased or unwholesome. Board of health shall destroy any impure article of food offered for sale.

DAIRY AND FOOD COMMISSIONER.-The dairy and food commissioner, who shall be well qualified in dairy matters, is elected by the legislative assembly; term of office, two years; salary, $1,000 per year; shall enforce the law and give dairy instruction, and may appoint and fix compensation of one deputy in each county. Chemist of State Agricultural College shall make analyses. Annual appropriation for dairy commissioner, $500. MILK.-Milk standard, 12 per cent. volume of cream, 12 per cent. solids, 3 per cent. butter fat, specific gravity of 1.035 after the cream has been removed. Adulterated milk.-Adulterated milk shall be plainly marked as such; it is defined as any which is below the standard, or has been altered so as to reduce its quality. Impure milk is defined as the product of cows fed unwholesome foods, or near the time of parturition; it is prohibited. BUTTER.-Butter standard, not more than 14 per cent. water. CHEESE. (No law.)

IMITATION BUTTER AND CHEESE.-Adulterated butter or cheese is any which is below the standard; or has been altered so as to reduce its quality, or any article in imitation of or sold under the name of butter or cheese; it shall be plainly marked, and printed notice shall be given when it is used in public eating places. Salt and annatto or butter color in which annatto is the principal ingredient, are not adulterants of dairy products. Dealers in oleomargarine or any imitation dairy product shall keep a record of all sales. MISCELLANEOUS.-Milch cows shall be allowed 800 cubic feet of air space each, In stables; rows facing each other shall not be closer than 6 feet. Stables shall be ventilated and kept in a healthful condition. Manufacturers of dairy products shall make detailed quarterly reports to the food commissioner. The boxes of any creamery or dairy shall not be used for selling the butter of another creamery or dairy.

Au

DAIRY AND FOOD COMMISSIONER.-The dairy and food commissioner, who shall have practical experience in the manufacture of dairy products, is appointed by the governor; term of office, four years; salary, $2,500 per year. He shall have a clerk, appointed by the governor; salary, $1,500 per year. thority extends to other foods. Commissioner shall make a detailed annual report. MILK.-Milk standard, in cities of the second and third class, 122 per cent. solids, 3 per cent. fat, specific gravity at 60 degrees F. between 1.029 and 1.033. In towns of over 1,000 population, vehicles from which milk is vended shall be marked with names of vendors and locality of production; and in cities of the second class, dairies and milk depots shall be registered by the bureau of health. Skimmed milk.-Skimmed milk standard, in cities of the second and third class, 6 per cent. cream by volume, 21⁄2 per cent. fat by weight, specific gravity at 60 degrees F. between 1.032 and 1.037; milk from which any cream has been taken shall not be sold unless in a vessel plainly marked "skimmed milk." Adulterated milk.-The sale of adulterated, impure, or unwholesome milk is a misdemeanor. The addition of water or ice to milk is an adulteration, and milk from animals fed on distillery waste, or any substance in a state of putrefaction, or from sick or diseased cows, is declared to be impure and unwholesome. The sale of milk for human consumption, which contains boracic acid salt, salicylic acid, or other drug, is prohibited.

BUTTER. (No law.)

CHEESE. All cheese is divided into five grades, and each cheese and its package shall be plainly branded with the address of the maker, and the words "Full cream" if it contains not less than 32 per cent. of butter fat; "Three-fourths cream" if it contains not less than 24 per cent. butter fat; "One-half cream" if it contains not less than 16 per cent. butter fat; "One-fourth cream" if it contains not less than 8 per cent. butter fat; and "Skimmed cheese" if it contains less than 8 per cent. butter fat. Fancy cheese weighing less than five pounds, and pot cheese, are excepted.

IMITATION BUTTER AND CHEESE.-The manufacture or sale of any imitation, or adulterated butter or cheese, or any oleagious substance not produced from pure milk or cream and designed to take the place of butter or cheese, is prohibited. These articles shall not be used in any state, charitable, or penal institution.

MISCELLANEOUS.-Councils of cities and boroughs may provide for mlik inspec

tion.

PURE FOOD.--An article of food or drink is deemed adulterated if any inferior or injurious substance has been mixed with it, if any valuable constituent has 'been removed, if it is in imitation of or sold as another article, if it is diseased, decomposed, infected, if it is colored to conceal inferiority, etc. With certain exceptions which shall be labeled such articles are prohibited.

RHODE ISLAND.

MILK.-Milk standard, 12 per cent. soldis, 2% per cent. fat: shall be osld by wine measure: vessels to be sealed by the sealer of weights and measures. Skimmed milk.-Skimmed milk is that which has been skimmed, or is below the standard: it shall be sold only from cans plainly marked, "Skimmed milk." Adulterated milk.-The sale or exchange of adulterated or diseased milk, or that from diseased cattle, or cows fed on distillery refuse, etc., is prohibited.

BUTTER.-All butter tubs shall be marked with their weights, and maker's initials. CHEESE. (No law.)

IMITATION BUTTER.-Any article not made wholly from milk or cream, but containing any melted butter or animal oil or fat not the product of milk, shall