Discussion. 1. Note that part of the story which pictures the conditions of New England under Andros. 2. What were the wrongs under which the people suffered? 3. Did they submit willingly? 4. What rumor gave them hope of a return of "civil and religious rights”? 5. How did this rumor affect the Governor and his councilors? 6. Why was the Guard assembled ? 7. What effect upon the people had its appearance at this time? 8. What does Hawthorne call this scene in the street? 9. What does he say is its “moral”? 10. Who came to have the advantage, the Governor and his soldiers, or the people? 11. Find all that accounts for the Champion and his sudden appearance. 12. What great cause did he come to champion? 13. What cause were Andros and his soldiers supporting? 14. Who was victorious ? 15. Tell briefly the main incident. 16. Give your opinion as to Hawthorne's purpose in writing this story. 17. Read “The Short Story," page 104, and see if you can find the four parts of this story. 18. Show how this story, though based upon a legend, is the kind of literature mentioned in the Introduction, page 335, that supplements your knowledge of history. 19. In the Introduction to Part III, on page 254, you read a discussion of the “Eternal Spirit of Freedom.” What similar ideas did you gain from reading "The Gray Champion”? 20. Find in the Glossary the meaning of: concurrence; filial; extinct; confound; constituted; arch-enemy; sensible; blenched; abdicated; obelisk. 21. Pronounce: inquiry; apostolic; predecessor; truncheon; dotard.

Phrases for Study

annulled the charters, 441,
civil and religious, 442, 7
house of Stuart, 443, 8
prelacy and persecution, 445, 6

roundheaded dignitary, 447, 26 domestic tyranny, 449, 21 vindicate their ancestry, 449, 25

Class Reading. Select passages to be read aloud in class.

Outline for Testing Silent Reading. Make an outline to guide you in telling the story.

Library Reading. The Introduction on page 336 tells you that the more selections you read like the ones given in this part of your book, the better you will understand America. Such reading may well include other stories from Twice-Told Tales, such as “The May-Pole of Merry Mount,” “Legends of the Province House,” “The Gentle Boy,” “Sights from the Steeple”; also The Hoosier Schoolmaster, Eggleston; Northwestern Fights and Fighters, Brady; The Story of Tonty, Catherwood; Cadet Days, King; The Pilot, Cooper.

Have you heard of the wonderful one-hoss shay
That was built in such a logical way
It ran a hundred years to a day,
And then, of a sudden, it-ah, but stay,
5 I'll tell you what happened without delay,

Scaring the parson into fits,
Frightening people out of their wits
Have you ever heard of that, I say?

Seventeen hundred and fifty-five.
10 Georgius Secundus was then alive-

Snuffy old drone from the German hive.
That was the year when Lisbon-town

Saw the earth open and gulp her down,
And Braddock's army was done so brown,
Left without a scalp to its crown.

It was on the terrible Earthquake-day
5 That the Deacon finished the one-hoss shay.

Now in building of chaises, I tell you what,
There is always somewhere a weakest spot-.
In hub, tire, felloe, in spring or thill,

In panel, or crossbar, or floor, or sill,
10 In screw, bolt, thoroughbrace—lurking, still,

Find it somewhere you must and will
Above or below, or within or without-
And that's the reason, beyond a doubt,
A chaise breaks down, but doesn't wear out.

15 But the Deacon swore (as Deacons do,

With an “I dew vum,” or an “I tell yeou”) He would build one shay to beat the taown ’N' the keounty 'n' all the kentry raoun’;

It should be so built that it couldn'break daown. 20 —“Fur," said the Deacon,“ 't's mighty plain

Thut the weakes' place mus' stan’ the strain;
'N' the way t' fix it, uz I maintain, is only jest
T' make that place uz strong uz the rest."

So the Deacon inquired of the village folk 25 Where he could find the strongest oak,

That couldn't be split nor bent nor broke-
That was for spokes and floor and sills;
He sent for lancewood to make the thills;

The crossbars were ash, from the straightest trees, 30 The panels of white-wood, that cuts like cheese,

But lasts like iron for things like these;
The hubs of logs from the "Settler's ellum"-

Last of its timber—they couldn't sell 'em;
Never an ax had seen their chips;
And the wedges flew from between their lips,

Their blunt ends frizzled like celery-tips; 5 Step and prop-iron, bolt and screw,

Spring, tire, axle, and linchpin too,
Steel of the finest, bright and blue;
Thoroughbrace, bison skin, thick and wide;

Boot, top, dasher, from tough old hide 10 Found in the pit when the tanner died.

That was the way he “put her through."“There!" said the Deacon, "naow she'll dew."

Do! I tell you, I rather guess

She was a wonder, and nothing less !
15 Colts grew horses, beards turned gray,

Deacon and deaconness dropped away,
Children and grandchildren—where were they?
But there stood the stout old one-hoss shay
As fresh as on Lisbon-earthquake-day!

20 EIGHTEEN HUNDRED—it came and found

The Deacon's masterpiece strong and sound.
Eighteen hundred increased by ten-
"Hahnsum kerridge" they called it then.

Eighteen hundred and twenty came25 Running as usual; much the same.

Thirty and forty at last arrive,
And then came fifty, and FIFTY-FIVE.

Little of all we value here

Wakes on the morn of its hundredth year 30 Without both feeling and looking queer.

In fact, there's nothing that keeps its youth,
So far as I know, but a tree and truth.

(This is a moral that runs at large; Take it.-You're welcome.-No extra charge.)

FIRST OF NOVEMBER, the Earthquake-day

There are traces of age in the one-hoss shay, 5 A general flavor of mild decay,

But nothing local, as one may say.
There couldn't be—for the Deacon's art
Had made it so like in every part

That there wasn't a chance for one to start. 10 For the wheels were just as strong as the thills,

And the floor was just as strong as the sills,
And the panels just as strong as the floor,
And the whippletree neither less nor more,

And the back-crossbar as strong as the fore, 15 And spring and axle and hub encore.

And yet, as a whole, it is past a doubt
In another hour it will be worn out!

First of November, fifty-five!

This morning the parson takes a drive. 20 Now, small boys, get out of the way!

Here comes the wonderful one-hoss shay, Drawn by a rat-tailed, ewe-necked bay. “Huddup!" said the parson.-Off went they.

The parson was working his Sunday's text25 Had got to fifthly, and stopped perplexed

At what the-Moses-was coming next.
All at once the horse stood still,
Close by the meet’n’-house on the hill.

First a shiver, and then a thrill,
30 Then something decidedly like a spill-

And the parson was sitting upon a rock,
At half-past nine by the meet’n’-house clock-