ASSOCIATIONS.-Meetings will be held | THE State Superintendent of Nebraska as follows: Maine, Rockland, time not announces times and places for Teachfixed; Connecticut, New Haven, October ers' Normal Institutes, and says: "Board 23; Pennsylvania, Shippensburg, August and lodging will not exceed $3.00 per 11; West Virginia, Clarksburg, August week." This means work. 4; Iowa, Des Moines, August 25; Minnesota, Owatonna, August 18. In each case the sessions continue about three days. CHANCELLOR WINCHELL, of the Syracuse University, has resigned his position to take the chair of Geological Instruction, and Dr. E. O. Haven is elected to succeed him. THE SUPREME COURT of Massachusetts has decided that either teacher or parent may correct a child for misconduct on the way to or from school. This probably means, so far as the teacher is concerned, misconduct affecting the welers, the State having for the present used fare of the school. IN Arkansas, a new law provides for county superintendents to be elected by the school officers, as in Pennsylvania, which is much the best way. District superintendents are abolished, as having too large jurisdictions of territory. NEW YORK has passed a compulsory law, requiring that all children from 8 to 15 shall be instructed, either at home or at school, for at least 14 weeks each year, or the parent is liable to a fine of $5 a week. AT Yale, one hundred and sixty-three students applied for admission to the Freshman class in the Academical department, and ninety-three were examined for entrance into the Scientific School. IT is said that ex-President Fillmore never saw a grammar until he was 19 years old. Moral-If you want your sons to be great men, don't let them study grammar until they are 19 years old. AT THE late Commencement of the Ohio University the degree of D.D. was conferred upon the Rev. John M. Leavitt, late editor of tho Church Review, and now editor of the International. MISS FRANCES E. WILLARD has resigned her position as Dean of the Woman's College in connection with the Northwestern University at Evanston, Ill. IN Alabama, the public schools are closed, as there is no money to pay teach $1,200,000 of the school fund for other purposes. THE seventh annual Catalogue of the North Missouri State Normal School, at Kirksville, shows an attendance during the past year of over 700 students. IN New Jersey, the majority of the teachers wish the law forbidding corporal punishment in school repealed as interfering with proper discipline. IN Raleigh, N. C., are no public schools. A recent bill of expense for criminal prosecutions amounted to $20,000. The moral is not far to see. MRS. WILLING, of Bloomington, Ill., has been nominated by the Prohibitionists as a candidate for State Superintendent of Public Instruction. ILLINOIS has a new law punishing the exclusion of colored children from the public schools by a fine, not to exceed $100. A GRADUATE of Harvard proposes that each alumnus shall insure his life for $500, for the benefit of the college. KANSAS is soon to open (Sept. 1) a second Normal School at Concordia, the town contributing $8,000. CALIFORNIA has passed a compulsory law, making its violation punishable by a fine of from ten to fifty dollars. BOOK NOTICES, ETC. MY MOTHER AND I. A Love Story. By the Author of “John Halifax, Gentle. man," etc. With Illustrations. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1874. 12mo; cloth; pp. 277. Sold by Jansen, McClurg & Co., Chicago. Price $1.50. That peculiar and especially sacred love which ought to link mother and daughter was never more faithfully delineated than it has been by the author in these pages. Though the story, like nearly all that she has written, has an undertone of sorrow, and deals with the more sober and darkened side of human life, it is, at the same time, pervaded by a faith and hope which serve to reveal the richer fruits which may come after a course of persistent principle through what seems unmerited suffering. There is in the story only little of what can be called a plot. And what there is turns out in a way which some novel readers would call disappointing. The heroine is left unmarried. Her affianced husband-one of those genuine, noble men whom the author of "John Halifax" knows so well how to sketch-is drowned at sea, and the daughter remains still the comfort and stay of her mother. this book, written "under the trees," is just the thing to read in the same way. It speaks of things around him, of scenes visited in this and other lands-he has been quite a traveler-and of things more serious, in some thirty pieces, all indicative of a large, sympathetic and loving soul. It is an admirable book to read or to give away. MISS MOORE; a Tale for Girls. By Georgiana M. Craik, author of "Mildred," etc. Illustrated. Harper & Bros. Sold by Jansen, McClurg & Co., Chicago. 90 cts. It will be a good recommendation of this story when we say that it is one of a series of Tales for Girls, written or edited by the author of "John Halifax, Gentleman." This story, like the others, is well written, and while interesting, embodies wholesome and encouraging views of life and duty. PRETTY MRS. GASTON, and Other Stories. By John Esten Cooke, author of "Virginia Commedians," etc. Illustrated. New York: Orange Judd & Co. Sold by Jansen, McClurg & Co., Chicago. $1.50. The principal one of these stories, THE RHINE: A Tour from Paris to May."Pretty Mrs. Gaston," is a lively and This beautiful volume is charmingly written, and is, of course, prolific in legends and stories and philosophical reflections, but gives at the same time a most graphic description of the beautiful scenes through which we pass under the author's guidance. One should read this work carefully to appreciate all the poetry and sentiment which live in the poet's mind for the lovely Rhine and its crumbling ruins. The book is remarkably creditable typographically, and an honor to the Chicago house which has ventured to undertake its publication. readable story of Virginia life, and purishes villainy and rewards virtue in the approved way, but is by no means a common place story. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-No. 7-July and August. New York: A. S. Barnes & Co. $5.00 a year. This number gives a new variety, as will readily be seen, and the articles are Cullen Bryant and his Writings, by Ray all of living interest, as follows: Wm. Palmer, D. D.; Coal and its Supply by Prof. E. B. Andrews. State Geologists of Ohio; Thirteen Years of Freedom in Italy, by Prof. Angelo de Gubernatis, LL. D., of Florence, Italy; The Catholic Reformation in Switzerland; The New Rcview of the English Bible, by Prof. Geo. P. Fisher, D. D., Yale College; The Orthodox Church, by the Princess Dora d' UNDER THE TREES. By Samuel Iraneus HARPER'S WEEKLY, with Nast on the lookout, pencil in hand, is a power of the day. Every topic and event of general interest is presented and illustrated, in a striking and instructive manner. The last number pays its respects, among various other things, to the College Regatta, one of the sensations of the summer. Harper is always on the side of good morals and political reform, and exerts a salutary check on rascalities in high places. EVERY SATURDAY continues its three serials-“A Rose in June," "His Two Wives," and "Far from the Madding Crowd"-the two first clever stories, the last one of the stories of the day. Every number contains a choice medley of miscellaneous literature, home and foreign, and an abundance of spicy editorials. A NEW MUSIC BOOK FOR DAY SCHOOLS. -We call the especial attention of teachers and School Committees to the advertisement of Messrs. Ogden & Leslie's new music book, "Silver Carols." The reputation of the authors make it certain that the new book is all that its publisher claims for it. Specimen pages will be sent free to any address. Write to W. W. Whitney, Toledo, Ohio. CHAMBER'S ENCYCLOPEDIA.-It should valuable work, that the last and best edibe understood by those who wish this tion is not the last Edinburg edition, but that of Messrs. J. B. Lippincott & Co., of Philadelphia, which can be obtained of J. H. Rolfe, 36 Monroe St., Chicago. This edition has undergone thorough revision, and is in many respects superior to the last Edinburg edition. APPLETON'S JOURNAL continues "My ORCUTT'S MANUALS.-" The Teacher's Story," by the author of "Patty," and Manual" will be sent for 85 cents, and several other interesting serials. This "The Parent's Manual" for $1.00, postjournal is specially noted for a choice va-paid. Published by Thompson, Brown riety of contributions from American & Co., Cornhill, Boston. writers, and for its refined taste in all matters of literature, art, music and the drama, with a judicious resume of scientific progress, and a weekly record of events. TEACHERS will be interested in the advertisement of Eldredge & Brother, which appears in the present number, on cover. University of Wisconsin, MADISON, WISCONSIN. This institution embraces the following Colleges and Departments : COLLEGE OF ARTS. Five Departments. General Science, Agriculture, Civil Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Two Departments. ANCIENT CLASSICAL Department, in which the course of study is equivalent SUB-FRESHMEN COURSE. This embraces two years of preparatory study. Ladies are admitted to all the courses of instruction in the University. LAW SCHOOL. Judge P. L. SPOONER, Dean of the Law Faculty. The Laboratories for instruction in Analytical Chemistry, Determinative Mineralogy and the Assaying of Ores, are believed to be the most complete in the country, west of the Alleghanies. A QUANTITATIVE LABORATORY has been opened, and numerous additions have been made to the apparatus in the different Departments of Science. LIBRARIES. are open to students, without charge, containing more than SEVENTY THOUSAND VOLUMES. THE CURRENT EXPENSES are less than in other institutions of equal grade. One student from each Assembly district, and all graduates of graded schools of the State who pass the required examination, are entitled to FREE TUITION. The institution is under the immediate charge of a President and twenty-six Professors and Teachers, and is, in all respects, in a highly prosperous condition. For further information, apply to MADISON, June 4, 1874. JOHN BASCOM, President. WISCONSIN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION. VOL. IV. SEPTEMBER, 1874. No. IX. Results of School Discipline in the Direction of day affairs of life. Without this in some Obedience to Law. BY E. A. CHARLTON, PREST. PLATTEVILLE NORMAL SCHOOL. tion, July 15, 1874.) form or other, man is reduced to the condition of the brute. "Even a bad government," says Dr. Peabody, "is better (Paper Read before the State Teachers' Associa- than none, for a bad government can exist only by doing a part of its appropriate work, while in a state of anarchy, the whole of that work is left undone and unattempted." "Go, traveler, and tell at Lacedemon that we fell here in obedience to her laws." Such was the inscription on the monument erected to the memory of those who fell at Thermopyla. In this brief sentence we have embodied one of the fundamental ideas underlying the ancient civilization,—the supremacy of the state. The individual was of little account; the state was everything. Whatever she required must be done. In our modern civilization, I will not say the opposite is true, but the tendency is in the opposite direction. The individual is exalted, and the state is regard. ed as of relatively less importance, though now there are not wanting those who like Leonidas and his immortal three hundred, would give their lives in obedience to the laws.. In the education of our youth, the true aim is not merely to give them a certain amount of knowledge and information, not merely to develop their intellectual powers, but also, as far as possible, by the inculcation of right principles and the formation of correct habits, to prepare them to become good citizens. What is more characteristic of the good citizen than respect for all rightly constituted authority, and obedience to its behests. To render honor to whom honor is due, custom to whom custom, tribute to whom tribute, is the dictate of reason as well as of revelation. "Render unto Cæsar the things that are Cæsar's," is just as imper The "Reign of Law," we are told, pre-ative as "Render unto God the things vails through the boundless realms of that are God's." Nature, and so more or less perfectly does I will not here discuss the limits to obeit extend through human society and hu-dience for there will be few instances in man institutions. the life of any one of us in which resistance or disobedience will even seem to be a duty. The very idea of civil society implies order, law, government. It is not enough that laws be enacted and spread upon the pages of the statute-books; they must be principles which guide men in the every But obedience to Law may be, under certain forms of government, enforced by the strong arm of power. With that our present discussion has no concern. The training and discipline calculated In our own country, the only obedience to make law-abiding and good citizens we can hope for is that which is sponta- should be very largely the work of home. neous or voluntary. We are so jealous At home right principles should be inculof our personal rights, we are so imbued cated and right habits formed. Obedience with the spirit of independence and the to parental authority leads to obedience idea of equality, we have so little respect in school and finally to obedience to the for rank, position, or mere authority, and laws of the state. so much for man as man, so thoroughly have these ideas been inwrought into our very being, that whatever obedience we render is the result of principle, or habit, and not of constraint. The perpetuity of our free institutions, nay, our very existence as a nation, depends upon obedience to Law. We have nothing to fear from without, and all the dangers that threaten us from within, arising from vice and ignorance, culminate and find their expression in this one thing-Contempt for Law. Whatever, then, tends to cultivate respect for law, is especially important in our own country. Whatever means can be employed to train the youth of our land to become law abiding citizens, should be most carefully employed. I have intimated that obedience may result from principle, that is, from a conviction of duty, founded upon the perception of the relations in which one stands to his fellow-beings and to his Maker. He who understands these relations and has withal a regard for the right, will not fail to sustain, to uphold and to obey the laws of his country, even at the cost of personal inconvenience and sacrifice. But home influences are frequently so defective, not to say vicious, and under our system of public education the child is sent to school at so early an age, that the school is often compelled to do the work of the parent as well as its own more appropriate work. Nay, more, it must too often eradicate wrong principles, erroneous ideas and bad habits. The noxious weeds of error must be rooted out, that the seeds of truth implanted in the mind may spring up and bear fruit. But whether the school be required merely to supplement home training or to substitute something better for it, it has an important work to do in the direction of securing respect for and obedience to Law. School Discipline in its wider application includes all that is implied in School Education, the intellectual and moral training as well as the government. In a very limited sense it implies correction or chastisement. For my present purpose, I shall use it as "Training to syste matic and regular action in accordance with established rules." It implies not only what is usually understood by school government, but the daily routine of school work so far as it is carried on in regular order. I do not, however, overlook the fact that the development of the mental fac sulting from school work, tend in the same direction of obedience to Law. Again habit exercises a potent influence upon human actions. What one has done from principle, will at length be done from habit. What one has been taught to do and trained to do, he will do almost un-ulties and the increase of knowledge reconsciously. There are many who perform acceptably their duties as citizens and members of society, who have no strong convictions of duty. They do what they have always done with no thought of turning aside from the beaten track of their every day life. Happy would it be for our country if all our youth were trained to do right, to live right, even if they were not instructed in the theoretical principles of ethics. My limits forbid a full discussion of what constitutes true School Discipline. A few brief statements must suffice. It is not a system of Rules and Regulations, of forms and ceremonies established and enforced for the convenience of the teacher. Neither is it an end to be sought for its own sake. In itself considered, an orderly, quiet school is no |