Shells and Soal-fish, Peter Collinson .... Dr. Ste. Hales 83 Tumour of the Ovarium, Alb. Haller Rupture of the Navel, H. W. Taube Scirrhosity of the Cerebellum, Haller... A Boy shot through the Lungs, N. Peters.. Shuttle Spire in a Bladder, Arderon..... Remarkable Cure of an Eye, Dr. Hope.. ibid Ureter grown up, and a Calculus, Huxham 87 Stone in a Horse's Stomach, Wm. Watson 101 Recovering a dead body by inflating the lungs 103 Bones of a Fetus per Anum, Winthorp.. 108 Cystis in the Liver, Dr. Jernegan. Stones of the Bladder, Dr. Ste. Hales.... 159 .... .. 170 .... Bones per Anum, Ja. Simon ... .... 274 Stones in Horse's Intestines, Dr. Bailey.... 278 ....... A Child 16 Years in the Abdomen, Myddleton 373 Fetus discharged near the Navel, Drake.. 456 Fetus 13 Years in the Fallop. Tube, Mounsey 460 Child born with a Tumour, &c. Huxham.. 512 A Boy's Feet turned inwards when born, Elements of a Short-hand, Sam. Jeake.... 516 On a Short-hand, John Byrom. ...... 530, 534 The Numeral Characters, J. Ward Ancient Delgovicia, Dr. Burton Clay Moulds of Roman Coins, H. Baker.. 356 Antiques at Herculaneum, Mr. Hoare.... 363 Inscription on a Roman Altar, T. Birch 470 ... Silchester, and Ancient Date, J. Ward.. I, Fig. I, 5; II, III, 15; IV to VII, 19; VIII, 20; IX, 22; X, 25; XI, 27; XII to XVII, 37. II, .. I, 76; II, III, 78; IV, 87; VI, 93; VII, 96; VIII, 100; IX, 109, X, XI, 123 I, 228; II to VI. 235; VII, VIII, 236; IX, X, 237. I, II 242; III, IV. 343; V to X, 244; XI, 261; XII, 262. VII. I, 262; II, III, IV, 290; V, 326; VI, VII, VIII, 333. XI, I, II, III, 628; IV, 645; V, VI, VII, 646; VIII to X, 647; XI to XIV, 650. XII,.. I, II, 657; III, 658; IV to VII, 660; VIII, 695; IX, 699. THE PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON; ABRIDGED. An easy Method of procuring the Volatile Acid of Sulphur. By Ephraim Rinhold Seehl. N° 472, p. 1. Vol. XLIII. MR. S. here describes two modes of obtaining what he terms volatile acid of sulphur, which is the sulphurous acid of later chemical writers. His 1st method is as follows: Take 1 lb. of the flowers of brimstone, and 5 lb. of dry fixed alkaline salt; grind them together, and put the mixture into an iron pot; add gradually, a little water, so as first to dissolve the fixed alkali; then gradually dispose the whole to boil, the better to dissolve the sulphur: when these have boiled for of an hour, add more water by degrees; and, when the sulphur appears to be dissolved, filtre the solution; evaporate it to perfect dryness in an iron pot, till it almost begins to melt; then take out the dry powder when cool; put it into a tubulated retort; which being placed in a sand-heat, and a receiver luted on, pour in at the tube, by degrees, 2 lb. of rectified oil of vitriol; and immediately secure the tube with a stopple of chalk, and luting: then give a gradual fire for some hours, till all the volatile spirit of sulphur is come over; after which, let the fire go out; take off the receiver, and carefully pour the liquor into a glass phial, to be stopped with a glass stopper. The volatile spirit, thus procured, will be about 12 oz. in weight, and appear tolerably limpid, smell extremely quick, pungent, and gassy or sulphureous, almost like the gas sulphuris, prove strongly acid to the taste, and in all other experiments; so that it may be used in the way of a general acid; being perhaps the best, in all respects, that is hitherto known, except the following. Process 2.-Take 1 lb. of the flowers of brimstone, 44lb. of fixed alkaline salt; grind and mix them well together; put the powder into an iron pot set over the fire; add a little water by degrees, to dissolve the salt; then boil gently for a 4 of an hour; add more water, and afterwards 3lb. of strong quick-lime; let all boil together for a while: when the solution is complete, filtre the lixivium, and evaporate to a dry powder, as in the first process; put this powder into a tubulated retort; and pour on gradually 14lb. of rectified oil of vitriol; proceed to distil as before: thus you will obtain 8 oz. of a more strong, more acid, and more volatile spirit, than the former, and of a yellowish colour. Observations.-1. The proportions of the several ingredients here set down, Mr. S. found, by repeated trials, to be the best. 5 lb. of alkaline salt are thus absolutely necessary to dissolve 1 lb. of sulphur; though, when quick-lime is used, as here specified, 44lb. of fixed salt are sufficient; or even 4lb. if the quick-lime be very good and strong: so much does the lime strengthen the lixivium, or enable it to dissolve the sulphur. 2. These 2 processes differ somewhat considerably, as to the quantity and quality, both of the spirit and caput mortuum they afford. The spirit made with lime is less in quantity, but specifically heavier, and yet more volatile, than the other: and the caput mortuum with lime is much whiter, purer, and fitter for making the tartarus vitriolatus, than that made without lime. 3. By mixing 1 lb. of fixed alkali with the sulphur at first, boiling them a little, and filtring the liquor, then adding 2 lb. more of the salt along with 2 lb. of lime, he found that the sulphur sooner dissolved, than if he put the whole quantity in at once; and thus, after the 2d filtration, he put in the rest of the salt and lime, till all the sulphur is dissolved; as finding this the readier way to perfect the solution. 4. In the distillation, a little of the sulphur will sometimes sublime into the neck of the retort; and this seems owing either to making the fire too fierce at the beginning, or using the oil of vitriol too weak: but such a sublimation of the sulphur is no further detriment to the operation. 5. When lime is used in this process, a considerable proportion of fixed alkaline salt may be saved, the spirit will be rendered stronger, and the caput mortuum cleaner and whiter, so as to make an excellent tartar of vitriol, by solution, filtration, and crystallization. But it must be observed, that the produce of this tartar of vitriol, when prepared, is not near so large as when no lime has been used in it; and accordingly he found, that the dry powder, remaining after the solution and evaporation of the sal alkali and sulphur alone, weighed as much as they did originally: whereas, when lime has been used, the remaining powder has weighed half a pound less than the original weight of the sulphur and fixed salt; which seemed a curious phenomenon; and might lead to farther discoveries of the relation between lime and fixed alkaline salt, &c. 6. The advantages of this method, in respect of M. Homberg's, are, (1.) That |