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VALENTINIANS.

Emperor of the West, iv. 174; be-
trothed to Eudoxia, daughter of his
cousin Theodosius the younger, ib.;
his guardianship intrusted to his
mother Placidia, ib.; flies from Ra-
venna to Rome on the approach of
Attila, 244; sends an embassy to
Attila, ib.; conditions of the peace,
245; murders Aëtius, 249; ravishes
the wife of Petronius Maximus, 250;
assassinated, 251; character, ib.
VALENTINIANS, sect of the, ii. 164;
their doctrines, vi. 8, note.
VALERIA, daughter of Diocletian, mar-
ries Galerius, i. 68, note; tragic fate
of, ii. 137; her conversion, 264.
VALERIA, province of, ii. 122, note.
VALERIAN elected censor, i. 384; em-
peror, 389; character, ib. ; associates
his son Gallienus, ib.; proceeds to
the East, 403; taken prisoner by
Sapor, ib.; how treated, 406; story
of his skin being stuffed, 407 and
note M.; first favoured, then perse-
cuted the Christians, ii. 261.
VALERIUS, that name assumed by Dio-
cletian, ii. 64, note.
VALET, originally an honourable title,
vii. 296, note.

VALLA, Laurentius, his confutation of
the donation of Constantine, vi. 162
and note.

VALLE, Pietro della, character as a
writer, iii. 201, note.
VALLIO, Count, general of Gratian,
death of, iii. 361, notes.
VANDALS identical with Goths, i.
378; in N. Germany, ib.; pro-
bably Slavonic, ib. note S.; sub-
divisions of, 379; introduced into
Britain by Probus, ii. 48; join the
Sarmatians, 359; join the invasion
of Italy under Radagaisus, iv. 45;
under Godigisclus, routed by the
Franks, 51; invade Gaul, ib.; their
progress in Spain, 177; invade
Africa under Genseric, 178; havoc
committed by them, 181; probably
exaggerated, 182 and note; progress
in Africa, 185; become a maritime
power, 253; sack Rome, 256; de-
predations on the coasts of the Me-
diterranean, 276; their persecution
of the Christians in Africa, 330;
converted from Arianism, 337;
numbers of their army under Ge-
limer, v. 108 and note S; fate of,

VEGETIÚS.

120; remains of their nation in
Germany, 121; their disappearance
in Africa, 214.

VARANES, general of Honorius, iv. 67.
VARANES, or BAHRAM, king of Persia,
ii. 54; saying of, ib. note; fourth
successor to Artaxerxes, ib. note S.;
remarkable conspiracy against, ib.
note M.

VARANES, or BAHRAM, son of Jezde-
gerd, ascends the throne of Persia,
iv. 166; date, ib. note S.; perse-
cutes the Christians, 167; war with
Theodosius the Younger, ib.; truce,
ib. (v. Bahram).
VARANGIANS in the Byzantine service,
vii. 20; their acclamations, 22 and
note; meaning and etymology of the
name, 80, note S.; Byzantine body-
guard of, whether English, 81, note S.
and 83, note; Scandinavians so called,
82; origin of their Byzantine ser-
vice, ib.; serve in the army of
Alexius Comnenus, 123; composed
of Danes and English, 304 and
note.

VARCHONITES, v. Ogors.
VARNA, battle of, between Ladislaus
of Poland and the sultan Amurath
II., viii. 131; account of, ib. note.
VARNI, or VARINI, situation of the,
399, note S., 400 and note S.
VARRONIAN, Count, father of Jovian, iii.
216.

VARRONIAN, infant son of Jovian, made
consul, iii. 231; history of, 232.
VARUS, slaughter of with his legions,
i. 139.

VASAG, general of Arsaces Tiranus,

flayed alive, iii. 278, note M.
VATACES, John Ducas, emperor of
Nice, his long and prosperous reign,
vii. 337; besieges Constantinople in
conjunction with Azan king of Bul-
garia, 339; conquests and domi-
nions, 343; death, ib.; date of, 358,
note S.; his administration described,
359.

VATICAN, library of the, founded by
pope Nicholas V., viii. 117.
VAUCLUSE, Petrarch's retreat at, viii.
226 and note.

VAYVODS, or Hungarian chiefs, vii. 71.
'VECTIGAL STIPENDIARIUM,' what, i.
302, note S.

VEGETIUS, his remarks on the decay of
Roman discipline, iii, 404.

VEII.

VEII, siege of i. 294; site of, ib. note.
VELLEDA, German prophetess, i. 363.
VENAISSIN, County, ceded to the popes
by Philip III. of France, viii. 216.
VENEDI, their extraction, i. 380; sub-
dued by Hermanric, iii. 283; were
Slavonians, ib. note S.

VENETI or Venetians, their origin, i.
157, note; their alliance with
Alexius Comnenus, vii. 130; main-
tain their independence against the
Latins, 291; obtain it from the
Greeks, ib.; commerce and manu-
factures, ib.; fleet, ib.; government,
292; alliance with the French cru-
saders, ib.; conditions of the treaty,
293; acquisitions after the conquest
of Constantinople, 323; settlements
there under the restored Greek
emperors, 368; defeat of in a sea-
fight with the Genoese, 410.
VENICE, or Venetia, province de-
scribed, iv. 242; foundation of the
republic, ib. and 243, note G.; rise
of, v. 348; foundation of, vii. 290;
regarded as a portion of the Greek
empire, 291; splendour, viii. 97 and
note.

VENUS, the bald, i. 320, note; temples
of Venus in Phoenicia, abolished by
Constantine, iii. 98; celestial, temple
of at Carthage converted into a
Christian church, 416.

VENUSIA, burial of Robert Guiscard at,

vii. 131; birthplace of Horace, 132
and note.

VERATIUS, singular amusement of, v.
315.

VERINA, widow of Leo, deposes Zeno,

v. 4; her turbulent life, ib.
VERONA besieged by Constantine the
Great, ii. 129; defeat of Alaric at,
iv. 39; doubtful, ib. note S.; resi-
dence of Theodoric at, v. 22 and note.
VERONICA, or image of Christ, vi. 138.
VERRES, inadequate punishment of, v.
319 and notes.

VERSUS politici of the Greeks, vii. 42;
account of, 43, note S.
VERTE, an unknown nation, ii. 408
and notes.

VERTOT, Abbé de, character of his style
as an historian, viii. 160.
VERUS, Ælius, adopted by Hadrian, i.
214.

VERUS the Younger, his adoption and
character, i, 214.

VIGILIUS.

VERUS, M. Aur., issued no edicts against
the Christians, ii. 257, note M.
VESPASIAN associates Titus in the em
pire, i. 212; his origin and character,
ib.; satirical jest at his funeral, iii.
226.
VESPASIANA, province in Scotland, i.
141, note.

VESTALS, difficulty of procuring, ii.
187; their office, iii. 407.
VETERANS, how rewarded under Con-
stantine, ii. 323; sons of obliged to
serve, ib. and note.

VETRANIO, governor of Illyricum, ac-
cepts the diadem from the hands of
Constantina, ii. 376; unites with
Magnentius, ib.; his ignorance, ib.
note; forced to abdicate by Constan-
tius, 379; retires to Prusa, ib.
VICARS, or vice-præfects, ii. 314; of
Rome, ib. note; extent of their juris-
diction, ib. note S.; vicars of Italy, ib.
VICENNALIA, festival of the, ii. 89,
notes.

VICTOR, Julian's general of infantry,
iii. 192; prevents the troops from
entering Ctesiphon, 204.

VICTOR, Valens' general against the
Goths, iii. 285.

VICTOR, African bishop, his account of
the Catholic miracle at Tipasa, iv.
336.
VICTORIA, mother of Victorinus, rules
in Gaul, ii. 18.

VICTORINUS, associate of Posthumus,
character, ii. 18; slain at Cologne by
jealous husbands, ib.

44.

VICTORY, statue and altar of in the
senate-house, account of, iii. 408;
finally removed by Gratian, ib. ; four
deputations from the senate and
priesthood for its restoration, 409.
VIGILANTIA, mother of Justinian, tries
to prevent his marriage with Theo-
dora, v.
VIGILANTIUS, general of Honorius, iv.
67.
VIGILIUS, unseasonable flattery of at
the interview of Maximin and the
ambassadors of Attila, iv. 209; is
privy to the plot for the assassina-
tion of Attila, 216; detected and
dismissed by Attila for a ransom,
217.

VIGILIUS, the deacon, purchases the
popedom by means of the empress
Theodora, v. 144; solicits Justinian

VILLAINS.

to deliver Italy, 228; apostasy of,
vi. 40.

VILLAINS, or serfs, British, iv. 397;
state of in the kingdom of Jerusalem,
vii. 236.

VILLEHARDOUIN, Jeffrey de, marshal of
Champagne, accompanies the fourth
crusade, vii. 289; his history, ib.;
family, ib. notes; becomes marshal
of Romania, 324; obtains the princi-
pality of Achaia, 325, note M.;
masterly retreat before the Bulga-
rians, 331, and 333 and note;
captured by Michael Palæologus,
344.

VILLEMAIN, M., his strictures on Gib-
bon, ii. 185, note M.
VINDONISSA, site of, how occupied, iv.
349, note.

VINE, cultivation of the, i. 190; pro-

hibited beyond the Alps, ib. note M.
VIRGIL, fourth Eclogue of regarded by
Constantine as a prediction of Chris-
tianity, iii. 19; the most ancient
writer who mentions the manufacture
of silk, v. 57.
VIRGINITY, crown of, whether lost by
forcible violation, iv. 104 and note.
VIRTHA, or TECRIT, a fortress of the
Arabians, ii. 410 and notes; etymo-
logy of the name, ib. note S.
VISANDUS, Gothic standard-bearer,
death of, v. 137.

VISIGOTHS, OF THERVINGI, subdued by
Hermanric, iii. 282 (v. Goths).
VITALIAN, his rebellion coloured by
religious zeal, vi. 34.

VITALIAN, the Gothic chief, murdered
by Justin and Justinian, v. 37.
VITALIANUS, prætorian præfect under
Maximin, murdered, i. 314.
VITAXE, power of the, i. 339.
VITELLIUS, emperor, character, i. 217
and note.
VITERBO, battle of, viii. 210.
VITIGES, general of Theodatus, elected
king of Italy in his place, v. 135;
retreats before Belisarius, ib.; lays
siege to Rome, 137; repulsed in a
general assault, 141; treats for
peace, 146; defeated in a last assault,
147; disastrous retreat, 148; be-
sieges John the Sanguinary in Ri-
mini, ib.; flies to Ravenna on the
approach of Belisarius and Narses,
ib.; assents to the nomination of
Belisarius as king of the Goths, 154;

WALID.

made prisoner, 155; becomes a sena-
tor and patrician at Constantinople,
ib.; embassy to Nushirvan, 188.
VITRUVIUS, the architect, his remark
on the Roman buildings, iv. 88.
VIVARIUM at Rome, v. 141 and note.
VIZIR, meaning of that name, vi. 239,
note; Turkish office of, instituted,
viii. 23; average duration of their
place, 74, note.

VOCONIAN law, abolished female in-
heritance, v. 308 and notes; restricted
the amount of legacies to females,
310.

VOGULS, Finnish tribe of, vii. 72, note,
and note S.

VOLOCEAN MARSHES, ii. 122, note.
VOLTAIRE, his reflections on the ex-
penses of a siege, iv. 408, note; his
false picture of Mahomet, vi. 253,
note; comparison respecting, 264,note;
his tragedy of Tancrède,' 408.
VOLUSIANUS, son of Gallus, murdered,
i. 388.

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VOPISCUS, date of his work, ii. 34,
note.

VORTIGERN, the British prince, invites
the assistance of the Saxons, iv. 386;
evidence of this fact suspicious, ib.
note.

VORTIMER, Son of Vortigern, tomb of
in Kent, iv. 392.

VOU-TI, emperor of China, receives a
Roman embassy, ii. 80, note, and
note M.; ruins the Huns by his arms
and policy, iii. 310, sqq.

VULTURES, twelve, of Romulus, fulfil-
ment of that augury, iv. 251 and
note.

W.

WACKIDY, his biography of Mahomet,
vi. 238, note S.; character of his
works, 301, note and notes M. and S.
WAGGONS, post, iii. 106 and note.
WALADIMIR 1. of Russia, delivers his

country from the Varangians, vii. 82.
WALAMIR, prince of the Östrogoths in
Pannonia, repulses the Huns, v. 2.
WALAMIRS, Gothic tribe so called, sub-
ject to Theodoric, v. 5, 6, 8.
WALES, flight of the Britons to, iv,
391; bards of, 397.

WALID, caliph, authorizes Musa to con-
quer Spain, vi. 355.

WALL.

WALL, Roman, in Britain, i. 141 and
note S.; of Aurelian, ii. 16 and
notes; of Probus described, 46; its
uselessness, 47; of China, iii. 308
and note S.; of Rome, circuit of, in
the reign of Honorius, iv. 88 and
note S.; of Justinian in the Thracian
Chersonese, v. 80; of Anastasius,
from the Propontis to the Euxine,
ib.
WALLACHIANS, their Roman descent, ii.
12, note; language derived from
Latin, ib. note S.; ethnology of the,
vii. 65 and note S.
WALLIA, elected king of the Goths on
the death of Singeric, iv. 126; re-
duces the barbarians in Spain, 127;
restores Spain to Honorius, ib.
WALTER DE PEXEJO, leader in the first
crusade, vii. 193, note M.
WALTER the Penniless, leads the van
of the crusaders, vii. 191, 193, note
M.
WAR, rights of, how used by Belisarius,
v. 153; observations on, ib. note.
WARBURTON, his hypothesis respecting
Moses' omission of a future state, ii.
171, notes; his literary character,
iii. 158, note.

WARTON, Thomas, his History of
English Poetry,' iv. 394 and note M.
WATSON, his view of Christian zeal, ii.
152, note M.

WATSON, Dr., character of his chemical
essays, vi. 382, note.

WEIL, Dr., character of his Life of Ma-
lomet, vi. 238, note S.; of his His-
tory of the Caliphs, 269, note S.
WELTIN, vision of, vi. 170, note.
WENDS, Slavonians so called, i. 378,
note S.

WERDAN, general of Heraclius, vi. 306
and note S.

WHITAKER, his History of Manchester,

iv. 386, note.

WHEAT, average price of under the
successors of Constantine, iii. 183,
note.

WHITE, Mr., Arabic professor at Ox-
ford, character of his Bampton Lec-
tures, vi. 387, note.
WHITE HUNS, iii. 313.

WIFE, Roman, a chattel, v. 295.
WILFRID, Anglo-Saxon bishop, accepts
the peninsula of Selsey, and manu-
mits the serfs, iv. 396; attends the
Lazeran synod, vi. 44, note,

WOTTON.

WILLIAM I. king of Sicily, surnamed
the Bad, acknowledges himself the
military vassal of the Roman em-
pire, vii. 140; character, 141.
WILLIAM II. of Sicily, surnamed the
Good, vii. 142.

WILLIAM, Count of Apulia, his cla-
racter, vii. 106.

WINDMILLS, invention of and introduc-
tion into Normandy, vii. 347 and

note.
WINCHESTER, Roman Gynecæum or
manufactory at under Constantine,
ii. 329, note.

WINE, distribution of at Rome, iv.
85; proclamation of Augustus re-
specting, ib.; forbidden by Mahomet,
vi. 233.

'WISDOM OF SOLOMON,' published by
the Alexandrian Jews, iii. 47; sanc-
tioned by the Council of Trent, ib.
note.

WISUMAR, Vandal king of the Goths,
defeated and slain by Geberic, ii.
361.
WITCHCRAFT, derided by Rotharis the
Lombard lawgiver, v. 354.
WITCHES, ancient, iii. 243 and note.
WITHICAB, son of Vadomair, assassi-
nated at the instigation of the
Romans, iii. 259.
WITHIMER, succeeds Hermanric king
of the Goths, iii. 317; defeated and
slain, ib.
WITIZA, Gothic king of Spain, and his
two sons, deposed by Roderic, vi,
354; history of his sons, 364.
WOLODOMIR, grand duke and apostle
of Russia, marries Anne, daughter of
Romanus II. emperor of Constan-
tinople, vi. 104; his conversion to
Christianity, 93.

WOMEN, political position, i. 285; Me-

tellus Numidicus' opinion of them,
ib. note; act to exclude them from
the senate, 286; respect of the Ger-
mans for, 363; a supply of exacted
from the Chinese by the Huns, iii.
310; not excluded from paradise by
Mahomet, vi. 236.

WORLD, age of the, ii. 174, notes.
WORSHIP, public, the only solid foun-
dation of the religion of a people,
iii. 426.
WOTTON, character of his Reflections
on Ancient and Modern Learning,
vi. 402, note.

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XENAIAS, or Philoxenus, bishop of Ma-
bug, put to death by the Melchites
of Paphlagonia, vi. 53 and note.
XENOPHON, character of his 'Anabasis,'
iii. 192, note; that work contrasted
with the Cyropædia, 221, note.
XERES, battle of between the Goths and
Saracens, and overthrow of Roderic
at, vi. 357.

XIPHILIN, patriarch of Constantinople,
his ambition cheated by Eudocia, vi.
114.

Y.

YATREB, residence of Mahomet, called
Medina, or the City, vi. 200, 243.
YELUTCHOUSAY, Chinese mandarin,
saves his country from the horrible
design of Zingis, iv. 201 and notes.
YEMANAH, Arabian city, vi. 286 and

note.

YEMEN, or Arabia Felix, conquered by
Nushirvan and restored to the Ho-
merites, v. 364; date, ib. note M.;
kingdom of, vi. 198; successive con-
quests of, 202 and notes, 203.
YERMUK, battle of the, between the
Greeks and Saracens, vi. 317.
YEZDEGERD ascends the throne of
Persia, vi. 292; æra of, ib. note and
note S.; defeat at the battle of Jalula,
and flight to Farsistan, 296; further
flight, 297; death of and extinction
of the Sassanian dynasty, 299 and
note M.; his daughters marry the
Arabian conquerors, ib. and note.
YEZDEGIRD III., last king of Persia,
æra of, v. 412, note M.

YEZID, caliph, destroys all the images
in Syria, vi. 139 and note; son of
Moawiyah, proclaimed his successor,
278 and note S.; honourably dis-
misses the family of Ali, 280.
YEZID, son of Walid, his high descent,
vi. 299, note.
YOLANDE, sister of the emperors Bald-
win and Henry, and wife of Peter of
Courtenay, empress of Constantino-
ple, vii. 335.

YOUKINNA, his valiant defence of
Aleppo, vi. 322; turns Mahometan,
323.

YUEN, Mongol dynasty of, expelled from
China, viii, 18.

VOL. VIII,

ZABDAS, general of Zenobia, ii, 23.
ZABDICENE, province of, ii. 87 and
notes.
ZABERGAN, leader of the Bulgarian
cavalry, crosses the Danube and
threatens Constantinople, v. 243; re-
pulsed by Belisarius, 244.
ZACHARY, pope, establishes the regal
title of Pepin, vi. 156.
ZALEUCUS, laws of, v. 262.

ZAMA, Saracen leader, defeated and
slain at Toulouse, vi. 385.
ZAMOLXIS, ii. 12.

ZANI, tribe of, v. 201 and note.
ZANO, brother of Gelimer, conquers
Sardinia, v. 111; joins Gelimer at
Bulla, 112; killed, 113.
ZAPHARAN, Jacobite monastery near
Merdin, vi. 54.

ZARA, siege of by the French and
Venetians, vii. 295; account of that
city, ib. note.

ZATHUS, king of Lazica, conversion of
and alliance with the emperor Justin,
v. 199.

ZAYD the Sceptic, a forerunner of
Mahomet, vi. 224, note S.

ZEALOTS, Sect of the, ii. 222, note.
ZEBRAS exhibited at Rome, ii. 58 and
note.

ZEHRA, city and palace of near Cordova,

founded by Abdalrahman III., vi.

396.

ZEID, slave of Mahomet, conversion of,

vi. 237; general of the Moslems
against the Romans, 257; slain at
the battle of Muta, ib.
ZEIRIDES, Saracen dynasty in Africa,
vii. 134; their capital taken by the
Normans, 135.

ZEMZEM, or holy well of Mecca, water

of, vi. 201 and note S.; trade of, ib.
ZEND LANGUAGE, i. 332, note; 383, note
S.
ZENDAVESTA, the, or Bible of the Ghe-
bers, i. 332; account of, 333, note
S.; liberal principles of, 336; whether
a true description of Zoroastrianism,
vi. 367, note and note M.
ZENDECAN, battle of between Massoud
the Gaznevide and the Turkmans,
vii. 153.
ZENGHI, son of Ascansar, governor of
Aleppo, his military fame, vii. 249
2 F

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