Emperor of the West, iv. 174; be- trothed to Eudoxia, daughter of his cousin Theodosius the younger, ib.; his guardianship intrusted to his mother Placidia, ib.; flies from Ra- venna to Rome on the approach of Attila, 244; sends an embassy to Attila, ib.; conditions of the peace, 245; murders Aëtius, 249; ravishes the wife of Petronius Maximus, 250; assassinated, 251; character, ib. VALENTINIANS, sect of the, ii. 164; their doctrines, vi. 8, note. VALERIA, daughter of Diocletian, mar- ries Galerius, i. 68, note; tragic fate of, ii. 137; her conversion, 264. VALERIA, province of, ii. 122, note. VALERIAN elected censor, i. 384; em- peror, 389; character, ib. ; associates his son Gallienus, ib.; proceeds to the East, 403; taken prisoner by Sapor, ib.; how treated, 406; story of his skin being stuffed, 407 and note M.; first favoured, then perse- cuted the Christians, ii. 261. VALERIUS, that name assumed by Dio- cletian, ii. 64, note. VALET, originally an honourable title, vii. 296, note.
VALLA, Laurentius, his confutation of the donation of Constantine, vi. 162 and note.
VALLE, Pietro della, character as a writer, iii. 201, note. VALLIO, Count, general of Gratian, death of, iii. 361, notes. VANDALS identical with Goths, i. 378; in N. Germany, ib.; pro- bably Slavonic, ib. note S.; sub- divisions of, 379; introduced into Britain by Probus, ii. 48; join the Sarmatians, 359; join the invasion of Italy under Radagaisus, iv. 45; under Godigisclus, routed by the Franks, 51; invade Gaul, ib.; their progress in Spain, 177; invade Africa under Genseric, 178; havoc committed by them, 181; probably exaggerated, 182 and note; progress in Africa, 185; become a maritime power, 253; sack Rome, 256; de- predations on the coasts of the Me- diterranean, 276; their persecution of the Christians in Africa, 330; converted from Arianism, 337; numbers of their army under Ge- limer, v. 108 and note S; fate of,
120; remains of their nation in Germany, 121; their disappearance in Africa, 214.
VARANES, general of Honorius, iv. 67. VARANES, or BAHRAM, king of Persia, ii. 54; saying of, ib. note; fourth successor to Artaxerxes, ib. note S.; remarkable conspiracy against, ib. note M.
VARANES, or BAHRAM, son of Jezde- gerd, ascends the throne of Persia, iv. 166; date, ib. note S.; perse- cutes the Christians, 167; war with Theodosius the Younger, ib.; truce, ib. (v. Bahram). VARANGIANS in the Byzantine service, vii. 20; their acclamations, 22 and note; meaning and etymology of the name, 80, note S.; Byzantine body- guard of, whether English, 81, note S. and 83, note; Scandinavians so called, 82; origin of their Byzantine ser- vice, ib.; serve in the army of Alexius Comnenus, 123; composed of Danes and English, 304 and note.
VARCHONITES, v. Ogors. VARNA, battle of, between Ladislaus of Poland and the sultan Amurath II., viii. 131; account of, ib. note. VARNI, or VARINI, situation of the, 399, note S., 400 and note S. VARRONIAN, Count, father of Jovian, iii. 216.
VARRONIAN, infant son of Jovian, made consul, iii. 231; history of, 232. VARUS, slaughter of with his legions, i. 139.
VASAG, general of Arsaces Tiranus,
flayed alive, iii. 278, note M. VATACES, John Ducas, emperor of Nice, his long and prosperous reign, vii. 337; besieges Constantinople in conjunction with Azan king of Bul- garia, 339; conquests and domi- nions, 343; death, ib.; date of, 358, note S.; his administration described, 359.
VATICAN, library of the, founded by pope Nicholas V., viii. 117. VAUCLUSE, Petrarch's retreat at, viii. 226 and note.
VAYVODS, or Hungarian chiefs, vii. 71. 'VECTIGAL STIPENDIARIUM,' what, i. 302, note S.
VEGETIUS, his remarks on the decay of Roman discipline, iii, 404.
VEII, siege of i. 294; site of, ib. note. VELLEDA, German prophetess, i. 363. VENAISSIN, County, ceded to the popes by Philip III. of France, viii. 216. VENEDI, their extraction, i. 380; sub- dued by Hermanric, iii. 283; were Slavonians, ib. note S.
VENETI or Venetians, their origin, i. 157, note; their alliance with Alexius Comnenus, vii. 130; main- tain their independence against the Latins, 291; obtain it from the Greeks, ib.; commerce and manu- factures, ib.; fleet, ib.; government, 292; alliance with the French cru- saders, ib.; conditions of the treaty, 293; acquisitions after the conquest of Constantinople, 323; settlements there under the restored Greek emperors, 368; defeat of in a sea- fight with the Genoese, 410. VENICE, or Venetia, province de- scribed, iv. 242; foundation of the republic, ib. and 243, note G.; rise of, v. 348; foundation of, vii. 290; regarded as a portion of the Greek empire, 291; splendour, viii. 97 and note.
VENUS, the bald, i. 320, note; temples of Venus in Phoenicia, abolished by Constantine, iii. 98; celestial, temple of at Carthage converted into a Christian church, 416.
VENUSIA, burial of Robert Guiscard at,
vii. 131; birthplace of Horace, 132 and note.
VERATIUS, singular amusement of, v. 315.
VERINA, widow of Leo, deposes Zeno,
v. 4; her turbulent life, ib. VERONA besieged by Constantine the Great, ii. 129; defeat of Alaric at, iv. 39; doubtful, ib. note S.; resi- dence of Theodoric at, v. 22 and note. VERONICA, or image of Christ, vi. 138. VERRES, inadequate punishment of, v. 319 and notes.
VERSUS politici of the Greeks, vii. 42; account of, 43, note S. VERTE, an unknown nation, ii. 408 and notes.
VERTOT, Abbé de, character of his style as an historian, viii. 160. VERUS, Ælius, adopted by Hadrian, i. 214.
VERUS the Younger, his adoption and character, i, 214.
VERUS, M. Aur., issued no edicts against the Christians, ii. 257, note M. VESPASIAN associates Titus in the em pire, i. 212; his origin and character, ib.; satirical jest at his funeral, iii. 226. VESPASIANA, province in Scotland, i. 141, note.
VESTALS, difficulty of procuring, ii. 187; their office, iii. 407. VETERANS, how rewarded under Con- stantine, ii. 323; sons of obliged to serve, ib. and note.
VETRANIO, governor of Illyricum, ac- cepts the diadem from the hands of Constantina, ii. 376; unites with Magnentius, ib.; his ignorance, ib. note; forced to abdicate by Constan- tius, 379; retires to Prusa, ib. VICARS, or vice-præfects, ii. 314; of Rome, ib. note; extent of their juris- diction, ib. note S.; vicars of Italy, ib. VICENNALIA, festival of the, ii. 89, notes.
VICTOR, Julian's general of infantry, iii. 192; prevents the troops from entering Ctesiphon, 204.
VICTOR, Valens' general against the Goths, iii. 285.
VICTOR, African bishop, his account of the Catholic miracle at Tipasa, iv. 336. VICTORIA, mother of Victorinus, rules in Gaul, ii. 18.
VICTORINUS, associate of Posthumus, character, ii. 18; slain at Cologne by jealous husbands, ib.
VICTORY, statue and altar of in the senate-house, account of, iii. 408; finally removed by Gratian, ib. ; four deputations from the senate and priesthood for its restoration, 409. VIGILANTIA, mother of Justinian, tries to prevent his marriage with Theo- dora, v. VIGILANTIUS, general of Honorius, iv. 67. VIGILIUS, unseasonable flattery of at the interview of Maximin and the ambassadors of Attila, iv. 209; is privy to the plot for the assassina- tion of Attila, 216; detected and dismissed by Attila for a ransom, 217.
VIGILIUS, the deacon, purchases the popedom by means of the empress Theodora, v. 144; solicits Justinian
to deliver Italy, 228; apostasy of, vi. 40.
VILLAINS, or serfs, British, iv. 397; state of in the kingdom of Jerusalem, vii. 236.
VILLEHARDOUIN, Jeffrey de, marshal of Champagne, accompanies the fourth crusade, vii. 289; his history, ib.; family, ib. notes; becomes marshal of Romania, 324; obtains the princi- pality of Achaia, 325, note M.; masterly retreat before the Bulga- rians, 331, and 333 and note; captured by Michael Palæologus, 344.
VILLEMAIN, M., his strictures on Gib- bon, ii. 185, note M. VINDONISSA, site of, how occupied, iv. 349, note.
VINE, cultivation of the, i. 190; pro-
hibited beyond the Alps, ib. note M. VIRGIL, fourth Eclogue of regarded by Constantine as a prediction of Chris- tianity, iii. 19; the most ancient writer who mentions the manufacture of silk, v. 57. VIRGINITY, crown of, whether lost by forcible violation, iv. 104 and note. VIRTHA, or TECRIT, a fortress of the Arabians, ii. 410 and notes; etymo- logy of the name, ib. note S. VISANDUS, Gothic standard-bearer, death of, v. 137.
VISIGOTHS, OF THERVINGI, subdued by Hermanric, iii. 282 (v. Goths). VITALIAN, his rebellion coloured by religious zeal, vi. 34.
VITALIAN, the Gothic chief, murdered by Justin and Justinian, v. 37. VITALIANUS, prætorian præfect under Maximin, murdered, i. 314. VITAXE, power of the, i. 339. VITELLIUS, emperor, character, i. 217 and note. VITERBO, battle of, viii. 210. VITIGES, general of Theodatus, elected king of Italy in his place, v. 135; retreats before Belisarius, ib.; lays siege to Rome, 137; repulsed in a general assault, 141; treats for peace, 146; defeated in a last assault, 147; disastrous retreat, 148; be- sieges John the Sanguinary in Ri- mini, ib.; flies to Ravenna on the approach of Belisarius and Narses, ib.; assents to the nomination of Belisarius as king of the Goths, 154;
made prisoner, 155; becomes a sena- tor and patrician at Constantinople, ib.; embassy to Nushirvan, 188. VITRUVIUS, the architect, his remark on the Roman buildings, iv. 88. VIVARIUM at Rome, v. 141 and note. VIZIR, meaning of that name, vi. 239, note; Turkish office of, instituted, viii. 23; average duration of their place, 74, note.
VOCONIAN law, abolished female in- heritance, v. 308 and notes; restricted the amount of legacies to females, 310.
VOGULS, Finnish tribe of, vii. 72, note, and note S.
VOLOCEAN MARSHES, ii. 122, note. VOLTAIRE, his reflections on the ex- penses of a siege, iv. 408, note; his false picture of Mahomet, vi. 253, note; comparison respecting, 264,note; his tragedy of Tancrède,' 408. VOLUSIANUS, son of Gallus, murdered, i. 388.
VOPISCUS, date of his work, ii. 34, note.
VORTIGERN, the British prince, invites the assistance of the Saxons, iv. 386; evidence of this fact suspicious, ib. note.
VORTIMER, Son of Vortigern, tomb of in Kent, iv. 392.
VOU-TI, emperor of China, receives a Roman embassy, ii. 80, note, and note M.; ruins the Huns by his arms and policy, iii. 310, sqq.
VULTURES, twelve, of Romulus, fulfil- ment of that augury, iv. 251 and note.
WACKIDY, his biography of Mahomet, vi. 238, note S.; character of his works, 301, note and notes M. and S. WAGGONS, post, iii. 106 and note. WALADIMIR 1. of Russia, delivers his
country from the Varangians, vii. 82. WALAMIR, prince of the Östrogoths in Pannonia, repulses the Huns, v. 2. WALAMIRS, Gothic tribe so called, sub- ject to Theodoric, v. 5, 6, 8. WALES, flight of the Britons to, iv, 391; bards of, 397.
WALID, caliph, authorizes Musa to con- quer Spain, vi. 355.
WALL, Roman, in Britain, i. 141 and note S.; of Aurelian, ii. 16 and notes; of Probus described, 46; its uselessness, 47; of China, iii. 308 and note S.; of Rome, circuit of, in the reign of Honorius, iv. 88 and note S.; of Justinian in the Thracian Chersonese, v. 80; of Anastasius, from the Propontis to the Euxine, ib. WALLACHIANS, their Roman descent, ii. 12, note; language derived from Latin, ib. note S.; ethnology of the, vii. 65 and note S. WALLIA, elected king of the Goths on the death of Singeric, iv. 126; re- duces the barbarians in Spain, 127; restores Spain to Honorius, ib. WALTER DE PEXEJO, leader in the first crusade, vii. 193, note M. WALTER the Penniless, leads the van of the crusaders, vii. 191, 193, note M. WAR, rights of, how used by Belisarius, v. 153; observations on, ib. note. WARBURTON, his hypothesis respecting Moses' omission of a future state, ii. 171, notes; his literary character, iii. 158, note.
WARTON, Thomas, his History of English Poetry,' iv. 394 and note M. WATSON, his view of Christian zeal, ii. 152, note M.
WATSON, Dr., character of his chemical essays, vi. 382, note.
WEIL, Dr., character of his Life of Ma- lomet, vi. 238, note S.; of his His- tory of the Caliphs, 269, note S. WELTIN, vision of, vi. 170, note. WENDS, Slavonians so called, i. 378, note S.
WERDAN, general of Heraclius, vi. 306 and note S.
WHITAKER, his History of Manchester,
WHEAT, average price of under the successors of Constantine, iii. 183, note.
WHITE, Mr., Arabic professor at Ox- ford, character of his Bampton Lec- tures, vi. 387, note. WHITE HUNS, iii. 313.
WIFE, Roman, a chattel, v. 295. WILFRID, Anglo-Saxon bishop, accepts the peninsula of Selsey, and manu- mits the serfs, iv. 396; attends the Lazeran synod, vi. 44, note,
WILLIAM I. king of Sicily, surnamed the Bad, acknowledges himself the military vassal of the Roman em- pire, vii. 140; character, 141. WILLIAM II. of Sicily, surnamed the Good, vii. 142.
WILLIAM, Count of Apulia, his cla- racter, vii. 106.
WINDMILLS, invention of and introduc- tion into Normandy, vii. 347 and
note. WINCHESTER, Roman Gynecæum or manufactory at under Constantine, ii. 329, note.
WINE, distribution of at Rome, iv. 85; proclamation of Augustus re- specting, ib.; forbidden by Mahomet, vi. 233.
'WISDOM OF SOLOMON,' published by the Alexandrian Jews, iii. 47; sanc- tioned by the Council of Trent, ib. note.
WISUMAR, Vandal king of the Goths, defeated and slain by Geberic, ii. 361. WITCHCRAFT, derided by Rotharis the Lombard lawgiver, v. 354. WITCHES, ancient, iii. 243 and note. WITHICAB, son of Vadomair, assassi- nated at the instigation of the Romans, iii. 259. WITHIMER, succeeds Hermanric king of the Goths, iii. 317; defeated and slain, ib. WITIZA, Gothic king of Spain, and his two sons, deposed by Roderic, vi, 354; history of his sons, 364. WOLODOMIR, grand duke and apostle of Russia, marries Anne, daughter of Romanus II. emperor of Constan- tinople, vi. 104; his conversion to Christianity, 93.
WOMEN, political position, i. 285; Me-
tellus Numidicus' opinion of them, ib. note; act to exclude them from the senate, 286; respect of the Ger- mans for, 363; a supply of exacted from the Chinese by the Huns, iii. 310; not excluded from paradise by Mahomet, vi. 236.
WORLD, age of the, ii. 174, notes. WORSHIP, public, the only solid foun- dation of the religion of a people, iii. 426. WOTTON, character of his Reflections on Ancient and Modern Learning, vi. 402, note.
XENAIAS, or Philoxenus, bishop of Ma- bug, put to death by the Melchites of Paphlagonia, vi. 53 and note. XENOPHON, character of his 'Anabasis,' iii. 192, note; that work contrasted with the Cyropædia, 221, note. XERES, battle of between the Goths and Saracens, and overthrow of Roderic at, vi. 357.
XIPHILIN, patriarch of Constantinople, his ambition cheated by Eudocia, vi. 114.
YATREB, residence of Mahomet, called Medina, or the City, vi. 200, 243. YELUTCHOUSAY, Chinese mandarin, saves his country from the horrible design of Zingis, iv. 201 and notes. YEMANAH, Arabian city, vi. 286 and
YEMEN, or Arabia Felix, conquered by Nushirvan and restored to the Ho- merites, v. 364; date, ib. note M.; kingdom of, vi. 198; successive con- quests of, 202 and notes, 203. YERMUK, battle of the, between the Greeks and Saracens, vi. 317. YEZDEGERD ascends the throne of Persia, vi. 292; æra of, ib. note and note S.; defeat at the battle of Jalula, and flight to Farsistan, 296; further flight, 297; death of and extinction of the Sassanian dynasty, 299 and note M.; his daughters marry the Arabian conquerors, ib. and note. YEZDEGIRD III., last king of Persia, æra of, v. 412, note M.
YEZID, caliph, destroys all the images in Syria, vi. 139 and note; son of Moawiyah, proclaimed his successor, 278 and note S.; honourably dis- misses the family of Ali, 280. YEZID, son of Walid, his high descent, vi. 299, note. YOLANDE, sister of the emperors Bald- win and Henry, and wife of Peter of Courtenay, empress of Constantino- ple, vii. 335.
YOUKINNA, his valiant defence of Aleppo, vi. 322; turns Mahometan, 323.
YUEN, Mongol dynasty of, expelled from China, viii, 18.
ZABDAS, general of Zenobia, ii, 23. ZABDICENE, province of, ii. 87 and notes. ZABERGAN, leader of the Bulgarian cavalry, crosses the Danube and threatens Constantinople, v. 243; re- pulsed by Belisarius, 244. ZACHARY, pope, establishes the regal title of Pepin, vi. 156. ZALEUCUS, laws of, v. 262.
ZAMA, Saracen leader, defeated and slain at Toulouse, vi. 385. ZAMOLXIS, ii. 12.
ZANI, tribe of, v. 201 and note. ZANO, brother of Gelimer, conquers Sardinia, v. 111; joins Gelimer at Bulla, 112; killed, 113. ZAPHARAN, Jacobite monastery near Merdin, vi. 54.
ZARA, siege of by the French and Venetians, vii. 295; account of that city, ib. note.
ZATHUS, king of Lazica, conversion of and alliance with the emperor Justin, v. 199.
ZAYD the Sceptic, a forerunner of Mahomet, vi. 224, note S.
ZEALOTS, Sect of the, ii. 222, note. ZEBRAS exhibited at Rome, ii. 58 and note.
ZEHRA, city and palace of near Cordova,
founded by Abdalrahman III., vi.
ZEID, slave of Mahomet, conversion of,
vi. 237; general of the Moslems against the Romans, 257; slain at the battle of Muta, ib. ZEIRIDES, Saracen dynasty in Africa, vii. 134; their capital taken by the Normans, 135.
ZEMZEM, or holy well of Mecca, water
of, vi. 201 and note S.; trade of, ib. ZEND LANGUAGE, i. 332, note; 383, note S. ZENDAVESTA, the, or Bible of the Ghe- bers, i. 332; account of, 333, note S.; liberal principles of, 336; whether a true description of Zoroastrianism, vi. 367, note and note M. ZENDECAN, battle of between Massoud the Gaznevide and the Turkmans, vii. 153. ZENGHI, son of Ascansar, governor of Aleppo, his military fame, vii. 249 2 F
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