10. Sunshine, and a brisk westerly gale, with a prevailing mixture of clouds, and a quiescent barometer throughout the day. Four small meteors appeared in the course of the evening, three of these to the northward. 11. Sunshine between the showers, and a brisk westerly gale in the day, and one rainbow in the evening. Two brilliant meteors appeared about 10 PM., the first, which inclined to the south, had a very quick motion, and was even seen passing with great velocity behind an attenuated cloud: the other, which inclined towards the north, advanced comparatively slow, almost in a horizontal direction, and left a short sparkling train behind it. A calm and dry night. 12. A low and level Stratus appeared in the fields till after sunrise, and in its ascent formed into nascent Cumuli. A fine day, and a beautiful sky of passing Cirrocumuli at night, enlightened by the full moon. 13. AM. sunshine, and an inosculation of various modifications of clouds: an overcast sky in the afternoon, and rain and wind by night. 14. AM. rain and wind: PM. fine between the showers. 15. A fair day, with prevailing Cirrocumulus: overcast and sultry at night, and two winds, the lower one from the W. the upper one from NW. 16 and 17. Calm and overcast, and rather humid below, except in the afternoons, which were fine-the nights very sultry. 18. Overcast, with Cumulostratus of an electric appearance, through the cirrostrative part of which the sun's disc was welldefined, and pleasant to look at with the naked eye nearly all day, and not unlike the silvery colour of the full moon in a clear winter's night. The sun having had a similar appearance the two preceding mornings, and several spectators deeming it an uncommon phenomenon, and wishing to know the cause, it may be necessary just to say that it arose from the intervention of an attenuated cloud, of such an uniform density as just to bar the passage of the solar rays. At 10 minutes before 10 PM. a coloured meteor passed from the star in Aquila to a in the head of Hercules, a space of 26°, the train was of a light red colour, and about 16° long; and a dense cloud had not long before moved off, from that part in a westerly direction. At 35 minutes past 10 o'clock, a bright meteor appeared without a train, about 120 above the western point of the horizon, and descended obliquely towards the SW. A fine dewy night. 19. A fine day, and a clear, calm, dewy night. The sun rose and set fiery red. 20. A slight Stratus early, and a cloudless day a fine calm dewy night, with Cirrus from the southward. Two small meteors appeared at a quarter before 9 PM. one on each side of the northern crown. 21. AM. as the preceding: the afternoon fair, with plumose and horizontal bands of Cirrus, which in the evening passed off to dark Cirrostratus, and to appearance divided the sun's disc in two semicircles just before it set. A clear night. From 9 till 12 PM. 9 small meteors appeared in various directions, in an apparently clear sky, one of which had a train behind it. 22. A hot cloudless day and night, with the exception of a Stratus in the evening, and a few small Cumuli at mid-day. Between 10 and 11 PM. 3 small meteors appeared to the westward. 23. The day and night nearly as the preceding, but the wind came round to the SE. in a refreshing breeze at mid-day, and in the evening veered to the east. About 9 PM. a large and brilliant meteor, with a long coloured train, appeared several se conds in descending obliquely from near the zenith towards the NW., 7 other meteors also appeared in various parts of the sky between 9 and 12 o'clock, without any other characteristic than that of being small, at a great altitude, and having a great velocity. 24. A fair day, with Cirrocumuli in light flocks, and a large Cumulostratus cloud overhanging its base towards the north, in which direction some low flashes of lightning were observed in the evening. Much gossamer about for some days past. From 10 till 12 PM. 4 small meteors appeared, two under the constellation Hercules, one under Ursa Major, and one under Georgium Sidus. 25. The sky overcast by a dense and humid cirrostrative haze, from which some light drops of rain fell towards the evening. 26. As the preceding day and night, excepting two hours in the evening, when Cirrocumulus in light flocks appeared above Cumulostratus. 27. An overcast sky and a strong gale from the east, with some light rain, except in the afternoon, which was fine. 28. Rain and a moderate gale from the same quarter most of the day and night. 29. Uncommonly heavy rain from 6 till 11 o'clock AM.: PM. foggy. 30. AM. a fog, through which some light rain fell at intervals: PM. showery. 31. Showery in the day; and a cloudy night. Kept at the Observatory of the Naval Academy, Gosport. The units under " Clouds” represent the days on which each modification of cloud has appeared. Days of the Month. Phases of the Moon. Cirrus. Cirrocumulus. Cumulostratus. Rain in Inches, &c. Cumulus. Evaporation in Inches, &c. Stratus. 2 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 29-98|29-9729-975 | 76 | 55 | 65.5 30-14 30-12 30-130 74 61 67.5 18 30-15 30-06 30-105 73 57 65 30-21 30-21 30-210 70 56 63 2030-22 30-18 30-200 74 60 67 30-18 30 16 30-170 75 59 67 30-17 30-13 30-150 80 63 71-5 30-09 30-02 30-0558063 71.5 29-97 29-94 29-955 80 63 71-5 29-97 29-96 29-965 75 63 69 30-06 30-00 30-030 75 59 67 30-12 30-07 30-095 || 69 58 63.5 29-90 29-86 29-880 | 63 57 60 29-75 29-73 29-740 67 61 64 29-75 29-73 29-740 73 62 67.5 At 8 AM. 75100 E to SE NE to SE E to SE E SE SW to NW NE to S 11 1 0-09 02 SE 11 1 SE to W 11 1 NW NW 97 100 SW -38 W 20 W *30 W to SW 14 NW to SW 25 32 09 W to SW *25 SW to W 29-84 29-72 29-780 70 60 65 30-2229-55 29-966 || 80 |52|65-80 || 75·1 | 66-479-1 01 25 23 1.75 10 •10 37 ||19|18|25|10|20|17|14|| 2-60|3-711 The observations in each line of this Table, under Barometer, Thermometer, Wind, and Rain, are for a period of 24 hours, beginning at 8 AM." for the lunar period, ending the 27th instant......... 29-995 for 16 days, with the Moon in North declination......... 30-076 Spaces described by the oscillations of the Mercury for 14 days, with the Moon in South declination ................ 29.909 Greatest variation in 24 hours....... Number of Changes, caused by the variations in the Weight of the Atmosphere.............................. 21 3.900 0.430 80° on four different days. 52° in three different nights. Mean temperature of the Air A clear sky, 5; fair, with various modifications of clouds, 11; an overcast sky, without rain, 8; foggy 1; rain, 6-Total, 31 days. CLOUDS. Cirrus, Cirrocumulus, Cirrostratus, Stratus, Cumulus, Cumulostratus, Nimbus. COMMERCIAL REPORT. tion: wheat 80s., rye 538., barley 40s., oats 278., beans 53s., peas 53s.-Prices at which corn from the British settlements in Canada is admitted: wheat 678., rye 448., barley 33s., oats 22s., beans 448., peas 44s-The aggregate averages for the week ending 8th instant, which regulate foreign importation: wheat 55s. 8d., rye 28s. 9d., barley 25s. 11d., oats 198. 8d., beans 278. 8d., peas 30s. 5d. For several weeks preceding, the averages were, of course, a shade lower. Being now upon the subject, we will, contrary to our usual custom, commence our monthly report with Corn. Without going into long details, we will merely give the gradual advance on the prices of one description of grain, in consequence of the unfavourable weather during the last four weeks, and we select for this purpose Essex and Suffolk wheat : Per quarter. White. Aug. 27......40s. 54s.....48s. 62s. Sept. 3......458. 60s.....54s. 70s. Red 10......548. 78s.....60s. 828. 17......54s. 78s.....608. 82s. This rise having naturally held out great temptation to the farmer, immense quantities, about 20,000 quarters, have been pressed into the market since Monday, the effects of which were felt yesterday, the holders having been very eager to sell at prices from 28. to 4s. lower than on Monday, but without tempting buyers. Some sales of barley, beans, peas, and oats were effected nearly on the same terms as on Monday, but these sales were very inconsiderable, and the market was in a state of great stagnation. SINCE the date of our last report the most interesting subject of mercantile attention has been the extraordinary rise in the price of corn, as it has had a great influence on the general market. Many speculations have been made on the probability of the ports being opened for the admission of foreign grain. It is now, we believe, above a twelvemonth since we expressed it as our opinion, that even should the harvest of 1821 prove unfavourable, the average price would hardly rise, so as to allow of the importation of foreign wheat before the spring of 1822; and we think, we may still venture to maintain the same opinion. There have been, it is true, many vague reports in circulation, tending to excite a belief of the probability of the ports opening for the importation of foreign grain. These rumours are, we believe, chiefly spread for the purpose of affecting the funds, as the exaggerated statements industriously circulated of an expected failure of the harvest, in consequence of the very unfavourable weather, are calculated to excite an alarm, and promote the views of the holders of foreign grain, by getting the average price to rise above 80s. for a moment. But if the new wheat should turn out to be, in general, of a very inferior quality, it must be sold at a proportionably low price, which will keep down the average, and the more according as the quantity spoiled is large. Nor let it be thought, that the rise in the price of good wheat must be so great as to make up the difference; for, we think, we have rather better grounds than mere conjecture for saying, that if this year's crop could be proved to have entirely failed, there is sufficient old wheat in the United Kingdom for twelve months' consumption. When we speak, however, of our opinions on this subject, we do not mean to exclude the probability of the average rising sufficiently high to allow of the importation of grain from Canada; if we consider the resources of the Canadas, we may rest assured, that they will be able to supply us with more than sufficient to keep down the averages below 80s. unless the same nefarious practices that succeeded last year, in deluging the country with foreign oats, should be again resorted to with the same success; should the averages rise so far as to admit the produce of the Canadas, we can hardly grudge this advantage to our fellow subjects beyond the Atlantic, condemned by the strictness of our commercial system from disposing of their superfluous produce to any but the mother country. Having thus stated our views of this important subject, we subjoin the following prices, at which corn from foreign The preservation of peace between Russia countries is admitted for home-consump-and Turkey appears to be less doubtful than The rapid advance in the price of corn excited last week great interest in the colonial market: in two weeks wheat had advanced about 20s. per quarter, other descriptions of grain had also risen materially: in consequence of this advance, the continuance of bad weather, the appearance of a bad harvest, and the reported probability of the opening of the ports for foreign corn, there were extensive speculations in rice, which advanced from 12s. to 15s. and 15s. Gd.-Large purchases of rum, which was fully Id. per gallon higher. Speculators made great inquiries after coffee, refined and foreign sugars, and every article of general export, which they anticipated would rise with great rapidity on the prospect of the opening of the ports. The return of fine weather, and the fall of the corn market, has again thrown a gloom upon trade, and though the advance in many articles is still maintained, yet sales cannot be made in the present dull state of the markets. it was a month back. Letters from Odessa of August 27, state, that the Russian government there has publicly announced, that Russian ships will no longer be detained in the Bosphorus by the Turks, and that trade in general is not subject to any impediments. This was considered as a proof that war was not probable. Cotton. The prices of cotton have, on the whole, improved during the last month, though the accounts from Liverpool were at first not favourable; the demand for exportation was considerable here at the beginning of this month, and low Bengals in particular were in great request; even after the demand for exportation had, in some measure, subsided, they maintained their price. The demand continued good, and the market was evidently improving till the 13th of this month, when the East India Company declared an extensive sale for the 9th of October; which, of course, tended rather to keep down the prices. The present state of the market is as follows: The purchases of cotton, for the last week, consist of 310 Bengal, 54d. a 64d. in bond; 250 Surat, 6d. a 8d.; 30 Madras, 7d. a 74d.; 150 Upland, 93d.: 80 Pernambuco, 12 d. The arrivals, from the 14th to the 20th inst. inclusive:-Calcutta, 819; Madras, 50; Jamaica, 207; Rio Janeiro, 70. The accounts from Liverpool are very favourable; the sales for the first three days this week average 2,000 bags per day. The prices of cotton here are little varied; notwithstanding the extensive sale declared by the East India Company, there are no sellers at any reduction; the particulars of the quantity at present declared :Bengals... Surats ... Madras Bourbon 9548 5975 576 233 16,332 The arrivals at Liverpool, for the four weeks, ending 15th of September, were 30,000 bags, and the sales 23,000. Sugar. The market has not presented any remarkable fluctuation this month: the prices of Muscovades have been in general low. Accounts having been received from Jamaica, at the beginning of September, which stated that the weather had been very unfavourable to the crops, an improvement in the demand took place, but without much influence on the prices. Foreign su gars have been uncommonly low, as the following account of a sale in the beginning of this week will show; 321 chests Havannah; the white sold 68. a 8s., yellow 3s. a 48. lower; good white 40s. and 40s. 6d., good yellow 25s. 6d. and 26s. ; a good proportion of the latter was taken in at these prices. Brazil sugars; brown 178. a 19s. 6d., yellow 24s. a 26s., low white 29s. 6d, a 31s. 6d., selling in considerable parcels at these rates. A public sale of 234 chests was afterwards brought forward, but the prices offered for the first lot being exceedingly low, the whole was immediately withdrawn. The very low prices of Havannah and Brazil sugars attracted the attention of the buyers; two parcels were brought forward to public sale; 229 chests were nearly all taken in, 27s. a 28s. for good yellow; the second sale, 140 chests, sold rather freely, 27s. 6d. and 28s. for good yellow, 25s. and 26s. for good brown, which may be stated at 1s. a 2s.higher than the previous prices; 75 packages Brazil sold at nearly the same advance, middling white 34s., ordinary 29s. 6d. a 31s. 6d.; yellow 22s.; brown 18s. a 20s. There is little alteration in the prices of Muscovades this week; the sales are more limited; the fine sugars fully support the previous prices, and in some instances are a shade higher; the inferior browns still hang heavily on hand. There have been considerable purchases this week of lumps and loaves; the refiners in consequence are very firm, and in several instances prices have been realised which were not before attainable: the stocks of goods on hand are very much reduced, and many houses have worked out. The holders of Foreign sugars are not inclined to accept the present low prices of the market; the purchases by private contract are in consequence quite inconsiderable. By public sale yesterday forenoon, 69 chests Brazil sugars were brought forward; grey sold 26s. a 28s., yellow 21s. a 22s. 6d., brown 18s. and 18s. 6d. Average prices of raw sugar by Ga zette : Aug. 25........32s. 24d. Sept. 1........31s. 94d. 8........32s. 74d. 15........31s. 5d. 22. ...31s. 34d. Coffee.-The market was very heavy for nearly a fortnight, subsequent to our last report, when the demand improved, and prices rose a little; but this appearance of revived demand tempting the holders, they declared extensive sales, and an improvement of Is. to 2s. per cwt. was, in fact, at first obtained, but the quantity brought forward being very large, naturally caused a depression, which still continues. The quantity brought forward this week has been very extensive; on Thursday, in one sale, 687 casks and 602 bags; and, as the greater proportion consisted of ordinary, good, and fine ordinary Jamaica, a further depression of 38. in the prices may be stated since Tuesday, and since Friday last the market has declined Gs. per cwt. in the ordinary descriptions; the finer qualities are also lower, but no considerable depression has taken place. Havannah Cof fee has fallen this week 3s. a 46. per cwt.; St. Domingo about 2s. By public sale this forenoon, 145 bags, 101 brls. and 99 hhds. of Havannah coffee went off at the prices of yesterday, fine ordinary 106s. 6d. and 107s., good ordinary 103s. and 103s. 6d. Tea.-At the East India sale, Boheas sold at an advance of 24d. to 3d., common Congou, 2d., finer sorts, 1d., Twankay 14. higher. Owing to the large quantity of private trade teas, (chiefly caper, hyson, and gunpowder) they have been sold very reasonably, and in many instances, cheaper than they ever were before. Spices. The East India Company has declared for the 12th of November, a sale of 300,000 lb. cinnamon; 20,000 lb. mace; 100,000 lb. nutmegs; 1,000 lb. oil of mace, and 1,000 tons of saltpetre. This declaration has had but little effect on the market. Baltic Produce. The demand for tallow was very brisk towards the middle of this month, and large purchases were made at increased prices, but the market has since become very languid, so that yesterday no sales of yellow candle could be made at 45s. Hemp has likewise been in good request, and an advance of 15s. took place between the 4th and the 18th instant. Flax rather heavy, but the demand improving. Oils.-There are several vessels reported from the Davis Streights fishery this week; they are well fished, but report indifferently of the ships they spoke. The accounts they bring are not credited, and in consequence the oil market must be stated exceedingly heavy; one or two parcels are reported at 221. and 234., but the first price could not be obtained for a cargo or a large parcel. Rum, Brandy, and Hollands.-There has been a brisk and extensive demand for rum, but it has now rather relaxed; the late increase in the prices is, however, fully maintained. Brandy is much inquired for; good Cognac realises 3s. 10d. and 3s. 11d., and the holders are asking 4s. Geneva remains without alteration. Wool.-There is little variation in price; during the present year the demand has been steady, and, as the importation has not been considerable, nearly all the old stock has been worked up. Some advance in the price having taken place in Germany and Spain, the new wools come at higher limits. The manufacturers however generally resist the advance, and expect, that by holding off from purchasing for some time, the importers will give way : the wool market is in consequence heavy. FOREIGN COMMERCE. Riga, August 31.-Flax. 47 r. are asked for Marienburg Crown; and the following sorts are paid for at the annexed prices: Thiesenhausen and Druiana, 45 r.; ditto, ditto, dark grey, 434 r.; Risten Threeband, 29 to 30 r.; Tow, 13 r.Hemp: we have received some supplies at the end of this week, and the trade was duller. Purchases may be made at the following prices :-Ukraine, clean, 107 to 106 Polish, ditto, 112 r.; Ukraine Outshot, 83; Polish, ditto, 88 to 87 r. Ukraine pass, 74 to 75 r.: Polish, 78; Ukraine torse, 494 r. Potashes are held at 105 r.; and our stock is small. Tallow without demand, 138 banco roubles are asked for white crown. A little has been doing in yellow crown at 142 r.; 135 r. are asked for soap tallow; but it might probably be had rather lower. Seeds are in general dull; but something is, however, occasionally doing. Purchases might easily be made at the following prices: Remaining sowing linseed, 44 to 5 silver roubles; Druiania (of 111 to 115 lbs.), at 14 to 17 b. r.; crushing (of 110 to 112 lbs.), 12 to 15 b. r. Hemp (of 93 lbs.) 94 to 10 r. per barrel. Grain. Rye is but little inquired for. Courland rye (of 113 to 116 lbs.) was last sold at 55 to 59 r. Barley is rather more in demand; and Courland (of 110 lbs.) has been sold at 43 r. ; and (of 106 to 109 lbs.) at 52 r. ukase has suddenly revoked the privileges Odessa, 15 August. An imperial of a free port, granted to this town by a preceding ukase; instead of which, there is to be a kind of entrepot, as there was before. This measure is ascribed to the representations of the merchants of Riga and St. Petersburg. The Governor-General, the merchants, and all the foreign consuls, have sent a memorial to his Majesty, representing the infallible ruin that must ensue to numerous individuals who have speculated certain destruction of the rising commerce on the privileges of the free port, and the of this place. Hamburg, 15 September.-Cotton: But little doing this week: American and Braail descriptions were duller; but East India fully maintained its price. Coffee: There have been large purchases this week; and the prices have not only been maintained, but the finer descriptions have even risen a trifle.-Grain: here, as in Holland, the accounts by the last two English mails have caused a brisker demand and higher prices; wheat, in particular, of the best quality, has been in great demand, large orders having been received; and it is 12 rix dollars higher than last week; other sorts in proportion. Rye is not in demand; yet it is held a few dollars higher. Old barley, of the best quality, and fine oats are much sought for exportation, and both paid 3 to 5 rix dollars higher. Fine rape-seed also has met a ready sale, at an advance of 8 rix dollars. We are very eager for the next accounts of the state of the corn-trade in England. Spices: pepper is still in demand. Pimento dull; no |