and in 1902 superintended the publication of the Records of this department.

Captain Montagu Burrows, who died on July 10, at the age of eightyfive, had had a long and active career in the Royal Navy, during which he was engaged in the suppression of the slave-trade on the African coast. Since 1862 he had been Chichele Professor of Modern History at Oxford and had written a considerable number of books, among which were the lives of three admirals, several volumes on the constitutional and political history of England, The Family of Brocas of Beaurepaire and Roche Court, and Cinque Ports in the "Historic Towns" series.

The work of the Bureau of Historical Research (now officially styled Department of Historical Research) of the Carnegie Institution has proceeded during the past quarter mostly along the lines of development already instituted under the wise and skilful management of Professor McLaughlin. Writings on American History, 1903, a bibliographical volume compiled by Messrs. McLaughlin, W. A. Slade and E. D. Lewis, attempting to list all books and articles on that subject which appeared in that year, has been published. Preparations are well under way for similar volumes relating to 1904 and 1905, and it is hoped that ultimately such surveys of the annual historical product may appear within a few months after the close of each year. Messrs. Van Tyne and Leland's Guide to the Archives of the Government in Washington having come to be out of print, a revised edition is being prepared. Mr. McLaughlin's pamphlet Report on the Diplomatic Archives of the Department of State is also to be reissued. Considerable progress. has been made in the collection of material for the proposed volumes of Letters written by Delegates to the Continental Congress and Congress of the Confederation to the authorities of their states, which when completed will, it is hoped, furnish valuable records of proceedings in Congress, supplementing the Journals. Another documentary publication which is in preparation is a collection, edited by Miss Frances G. Davenport, of treaties or parts of treaties between European powers, which have a bearing on the history of the United States.

The publications of the Department will naturally fall into two classes, a series of texts, of which two specimens have just been mentioned, and a series of reports, aids and guides, relating to materials; e. g., the three publications first named above. This latter class will be enlarged before long by several reports on the materials for American history in foreign archives. It is likely that the first of these to be issued will be Mr. Luis M. Pérez's report on the archives of Cuba. The materials are nearly all collected for those of Mr. C. M. Andrews on England and Mr. W. R. Shepherd on Spain, but their preparation for the press will naturally take some months. The listing of transcripts now in the United States made from documents in those archives is proceeding under the care of Mr. W. G. Leland. Through the kindness

of the archivist of the Dominion of Canada, Dr. A. G. Doughty, arrangements have been made whereby reports on materials for the history of the United States found in the provincial archives of the Maritime Provinces and Quebec will be supplied by Dr. James Hannay and Father P. M. O'Leary respectively.

The Prussian Government is to erect in Berlin a statue to the memory of Mommsen and it is proposed to erect a companion statue of Ranke. The statue of Mommsen will be of marble and will be placed in front of the University, to the right of the main entrance.

Professor Hermann Oncken of the University of Berlin is giving instruction in modern German history at the University of Chicago during the autumn and winter quarters of the present year.

Mr. Wallace Notestein of Yale University has been appointed assistant professor of European history in the University of Kansas.

In the Report of the Eighth International Geographical Congress, held in the United States in 1904 (58 Cong., 2 Sess., Ho. Doc. 460) are a few papers that may properly be noted in these columns: "Rise and Development of the German Colonial Possessions", by Graf von Pfeil; "The Cabot Landfall", by G. R. F. Prowse; "Some Early Geographers of the United States ", by Rear-Admiral C. M. Chester; "Des Chrétiens de Saint Mathieu existant en Afrique au commencement du XIVme Siècle et de l'Identification à l'Ouganda de l'Empire Chrétien de Magdasor", by Professor Frédéric Romanet du Caillaud; "Fundación de Mexico-Tenochtitlan ", by Professor Alfredo Chavero; and “Geography and History in the United States ", by Professor Albert Perry Brigham. The fifteenth international congress of Americanists is to be held in Quebec, from September 10 to 15. The last congress was held in Stuttgart. The programme of the Quebec meetings has not yet been announced, but the native races of America, American archaeology, and European discovery in America will be dealt with.

An English version of Putzger's Historischer Schul-Atlas is under preparation at the hands of Professor W. R. Shepherd of Columbia University.

We note the organization in Chicago, last summer, of the SwedishAmerican Historical Society. Its objects, as set forth in the constitution, are to promote the study of the history of the Swedes in America and their descendants; to collect a library and museum illustrating their development in America; to issue publications relating to the history of the Swedish people in Sweden and America; and to encourage the study of Swedish history and literature in American universities. The officers of the society are: president, John A. Enander; vice-president, Gustav A. Andreen; secretary, Anders Schön; treasurer, Aksel G. S. Josephson.

A work by G. B. Brown entitled Care of Ancient Monuments: Account of Legislative and other Measures adopted in European Countries for protecting Ancient Monuments and Objects and Scenes of Natural

Beauty, and for preserving the Aspect of Historical Cities, has been published by the Cambridge University Press (pp. 274).

A co-operative work that promises to be of great value and interest is Die Kultur der Gegenwart, ihre Entwickelung und ihre Ziele, edited by P. Hinneberg (Leipzig, Teubner). The purpose of the work is to present, in untechnical language and from the historical point of view, a systematic account of the culture of the present day; and of the significance to general cultural development of the most fundamental results arrived at in the various fields of learning. The co-operation of many eminent scholars has been secured. Part I. treats of religion and philosophy, music and art, and is in fourteen divisions, each of which is to form a substantial volume. Part II., dealing with state and society, law and economics, is in ten divisions, of which the first to appear are Staat und Gesellschaft Europas und Amerikas in der Neuzeit, and System der Rechtswissenschaft. Other divisions treat of anthropo-geography, constitutional and administrative history from primitive to modern times, both in the Orient and in Europe; state and society in the Orient, ancient and medieval history of Europe, general legal and economic history, etc. Parts III. and IV. deal with the physical sciences and with the technique of industry, commerce, agriculture, etc. Single divisions of the work can be obtained separately.

Mr. W. H. Tillinghast has rendered a service to historical students in adding to his translation of Ploetz's Epitome of Modern History (Boston, Houghton) an appendix of 34 pages covering the period 18831903. The work of compilation has been mainly performed by Mr. D. M. Matteson, who has also had general supervision of the new issue. Cross-references to the appendix have been inserted in the earlier portion of the work, and the genealogical tables have been brought down to date.

In his forthcoming work entitled A History of Modern Liberty, Dr. J. MacKinnon will treat of the development of political, intellectual and religious liberty from the Middle Ages down to recent times. The first two volumes, which are about to be published by Messrs. Longman, bring the subject down to the age of the Reformation.

Modern Constitutions in Outline, by Leonard Alston (Longmans, 1905, pp. viii, 72), may be of some service to the reader who wishes to get a little knowledge of a big subject in a short time and with little effort: it is a short cut to learning. However, one is astonished in these days to learn that in America the President "is a fossilized George III.", that the really important personage is chosen to act as Vice-president, and that in consequence much valuable political talent is "shelved" for four years.

Of interest to historians as well as to educators is Dr. E. Parisot's dissertation, Un Educateur mystique: Jean-Frédéric Oberlin (1740– 1826) (Paris, Paulin, pp. 324). The work is based in part on un

published documents and treats of the influences that affected Oberlin as well as of his pedagogical ideas.

In a Handbuch für Lehrer höherer Schulen (Leipzig, Teubner, 2 vols., pp. c, 688) the following matters are considered in connection with various branches of learning: the historical development of methods of teaching; the methods now employed in the most important countries; some account of the text-books and periodicals with which the teacher should be familiar. The section devoted to history is by Dr. A. Auler of Dortmund.

The following handbooks are of interest to teachers: A Bibliography of Text-Books and Works of Reference in Ancient, Medieval and Modern, English and American History (Recommended for use in the Approved High Schools of Missouri), edited by Professor N. M. Trenholme (University of Missouri, pp. 27); a revised edition of Professors H. D. Foster and S. B. Fay's Syllabus of European History from the German Invasions to the French Revolution (Sold at Dartmouth College Book Store, Hanover, pp. 31); Syllabus of Continental European History from the Fall of Rome to 1870, by Professor O. H. Richardson in collaboration with Dr. G. S. Ford and Mr. E. L. Durfee (Ginn, pp. 84); a revised and enlarged edition of Mr. H. C. Bowen's Descriptive Catalogue of Historical Novels and Tales (London, E. Stanford); and by the Department of History in the University of Wisconsin, a pamphlet (22 pp.) containing lists of reference-books desirable for high-school libraries.

Noteworthy articles in periodicals: Creighton and Stubbs (The Church Quarterly Review, October); G. Lanson, La Formation de la Méthode Historique de Michelet (Revue d'Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine, October, also in English in The International Quarterly, April); G. Stanley Hall, The Pedagogy of History (The Pedagogical Seminary, September); Thomas Dent, Of Law Reports as Memorials of History and Biography (American Law Review, September-October); E. Maunde Thompson, The Creation of the British Museum (Cornhill Magazine, November); C. H. K. Marten, The Study of History in Public Schools (The Nineteenth Century and After, October).

ANCIENT HISTORY.

The Société Préhistorique de France, which was founded last year, is about to publish an illustrated Manuel de Recherches Préhistoriques, dealing with the general and special technique of the subject and including an index of terms (Paris, C. Reinwald-Schleicher).

Two recent contributions to Egyptology are A History of Egypt (Scribners) by Professor J. H. Breasted, director of the Egyptian expedition of the University of Chicago, and The Religion of the Ancient Egyptians (Putnams), containing lectures delivered by Professor Georg Steindorff under the auspices of the American Committee for lectures on the history of religions.

Among the publications of the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Études for 1904 (Paris, Bouillon), is a work by V. Chapot on La Province Romaine Proconsulaire d'Asie depuis ses Origines jusqu'à la Fin du Haut-Empire.

M. Gaston Boissier, of the French Academy, the well-known author of Cicero and his Friends, has written a volume on La Conjuration de Catilina (Paris, Hachette).

The excellent handbook by Mrs. E. Burton-Brown entitled Recent Excavations in the Roman Forum, 1898-1905, has been issued in a new and cheaper edition (2s.) by Mr. John Murray.

Noteworthy articles in periodicals: L. Erhardt, Die Einwanderung der Germanen in Deutschland und die Ursitze der Indogermanen (Historische Vierteljahrschrift, October); J. Halévy, La Légende de la Reine de Saba (Annuaire de l'École Pratique des Hautes Études, 1905); M. Clerc, La Prise de Phocée par les Perses et ses Conséquences (Revue des Études Grecques, April-June); J. Wellhausen, Ueber den geschichtlichen Wert des zweiten Makkabäerbuchs, im Verhältniss zum Ersten (Nachrichten von der königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, 1905, II.); H. de la Ville de Mirmont, Théophane de Mitylène (Revue des Études Grecques, April-June).

EARLY CHURCH HISTORY.

The work of Mr. Rendel Harris on The Dioscuri in the Christian Legends (Cambridge, 1903), and the replies that it evoked have recently drawn attention to S. Dioscorus, the martyr of Egypt, of whom, however, very little has been known. In the Analecta Bollandiana, tom. XXIV., fasc. 3, Father H. Quentin prints two recently discovered accounts of the passion of the saint.

The Ecclesiastical History of Eusebius has been published in the original Greek and with a French translation in the series of Texts and Documents for the Historical Study of Christianity published by Picard, Paris (pp. viii, 524).

The Apple of Discord, or Temporal Power in the Catholic Church, by a Roman Catholic, has been recently published by The Apple of Discord Company, Buffalo. The author believes that "most of the misfortunes which have befallen the Catholic Church in recent centuries, originated in her temporal power".

Noteworthy articles in periodicals: P. Allard, L'Expansion du Christianisme à l'Époque des Persécutions (Revue des Questions Historiques, October); E. Schwartz, Zur Geschichte des Athanasius, con. (Nachrichten von der königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, 1905, II.).

MEDIEVAL HISTORY.

The dissertation of Dr. James T. Shotwell, A Study in the History of the Eucharist (London, Eyre and Spottiswoode, pp. 81) is "part of a