order and connexion: ut vix quisquam arte ullâ ordinem rerum ac necessitudinem persequi possit. He was so far from observing the appearance of any heavenly objects: nec solùm nullam ei oblatam cœlestium speciem. I have been induced by an intimacy of such long standing, and by that benevolence, which I have experienced from your youth: amicitia nostræ vetustas, et tua summa erga me benevolentia, quæ mihi jam a pueritiâ tuâ cognita est, me hortata est. Continue in the enjoyment of that tranquillity: fruere isto otio. They are so lost to every principle of virtue and religion : eò iniquitatis atque impictatis pervenerunt. What can be a mark of greater folly, than in a mode of life, which depends upon your will, to create an inability of continuing it quid stultius, quàm quod libenter facias, curare, ut id diutius facere non possis. Their lives could be dispensed with: tolerabilia fuerunt illa. The atrocious crimes which a man has been guilty of against the peace of society; flagitiosissima ullius in rempublicam facinora. The memory of which might have reflected lustre on my humble name; ex memoriâ quorum meum ignobile nomen in notescat. Never shall his measures disconcert: nunquam ille me opprimet consilio. I know all his method of attack: novi omnes hominis petitiones. Under the influence of these terrors: in illo timore. He roused him from his diffidence: diffidentem suis rebus confirmavit. With his hair nicely trimmed, and loaded with perfumes : composito et delibuto capillo. Whence presuming on so well known an instance of their bravery they laid claim to: quâ ex re fieri, uti earum rerum memoria sumerent.... Those who have the means, as well as the power, feel a natural inclination to do their utmost towards: ii qui valent opibus naturá incitantur ad.... Without fixing the least suspicion: sine suspicione. How ignorant of the real interests of the people are those : quàm malè ab iis reipublicæ consulitur. It is to your good offices that I owe the happy termination of this business: per te negotium ex sententiâ perfeci. To enter into the designs of any one: idem sentire cum aliquo. To be drowned amidst the shouts of armies: obstrepi clamore militum. They are apt to entertain a suspicion of their being generally marked as objects of scorn and derision: contemni se putant, despici, illudi. But if he would retire, and leave him in the undisturbed possession of his country: quod si discessisset, ac liberam possessionem regionis sibi tradidisset. Misfortune has imbittered every moment of my life: omnia mihi tempora sunt misera. The hope of experiencing some amelioration of destiny: spes alicujus commodi aliquando recuperandi. An opportunity of informing yourself first falls in your way: primum tempus discendi nactus es. Leaving it to your own conjectures to inform you....ea vos conjectura perspicitis.... I shall not expatiate on his great actions....with the unusual success that has attended them: non sum prædicaturus quantas res, quantâque felicitate gesserit. The thing in question: de quo agitur. To serve for the twentieth time: vicesima stipendia mereri. To whose decision they appealed: quem judicem fecerint. To assert one's right to a territory: agrum vindicare. He rested the point of controversy: controversiam referebat. To make a toil of a pleasure: amara jucundis intermiscere. When there is such a noise: ubi tot obstrepunt graculi. It became the first object of my wishes to acquire your love: nihil optatius fuit, quàm ut abs te amarer. To assault by covert ways cuniculis oppugnare. He had erected monuments to his fame: monumenta sibi exstruxerat. The smoke had intercepted their view: conspectum fumus abstulerat. To associate the sons into a share of the kingdom: regni consortium jungere cum. As his own free gift: sui muneris. The gods pour down their vengeance on so many perjuries: diis tot perjuria vindicantibus.... Every improvement of human genius: omnem ingenii cul tum. To prove by the most convincing reasons: gravissimis rationibus evincere. To feel the breast glow with the warmest zeal: incredibili studio rapi. To leave off childish plays: relinquere nuces pueris. To make an impression on the senate: senatum com movere. To take a magnificent view of one's self: se magnificè cir cumspicere. To store the memory with an immense mass of....immensam....copiam memoria comprehendere. Words removed from common usage: verba a communi usu abducta. Inelegantly coined by themselves. a se inconcinnè confictis. To steal Cicero's invectives against Catiline: Ciceronis Catilinarias compilare. Drawn by motives of duty: aliquâ officii ratione adductus. More perniciously prodigal : perditiùs prodigum. To be saved from the gallows: e furcâ redimi. Το pay one's debts: nomina liberare. To break open the seal: linum incidere. To feel a thirst for glory, and passion for fame: appetens gloriæ, atque avidus fama. A stain contracted in the war macula bello suscepta. An indelible blot on the reputation of the Roman people! macula, quæ inveteravit in populi Romani nomine. PROSODY. SCANNING. Scanning is the dividing of a verse into the feet of which it is composed, and the assigning of their proper quantity to the constituent syllables in each foot. A foot in poetry consists of two or more syllables, connected and arranged according to established rules, and forming part of a verse. The principal feet in Latin poetry are the spondee and the dactyle. A spondee consists of two long syllables; as, Sylvas: a dactyle consists of one long and two short syllables; as, tempără. A verse is a certain number of connected feet, forming a line of poetry. The verses in the most general use in ancient poetry are the hexameter and the pentameter. Verses are not measured in the ancient languages, as they are in our own, by the number of their syllables, but generally by the number of their feet, or the length of time required for their pronunciation: hence the versification of the Greeks and Romans admits of a much greater degree of variety and harmony, than the regular heroic measures in English poetry. HEXAMETER. A hexameter verse consists of six feet, of which the sixth is a spondee, the fifth a dactyle, and the preceding four either dactyles or spondees; as, Sunt her bæ dulcēs sūnt | quæ mitēscĕrě | flammā. This kind of verse is generally used in poems which are designed to be descriptive of great and splendid actions, and is consequently sometimes called heroic verse. It is the most ancient of all poetical measures, as well as the most dignified and harmonious. The use of the hexameter is not, however, confined to epic and heroic poetry. The satires and epistles of Horace are sufficient to prove that it is measure no less adapted to the most familiar, than it is to the most exalted subjects. A spondee is sometimes found in the fifth foot of a hexameter, instead of a dactyle, and gives to the line the name of a spondaic verse; as, Proximus huic longo sed proximus intervallō. When a spondee is substituted for a dactyle in the fifth foot of a hexameter, to prevent the line from appearing to move too heavily, the fourth foot is generally a dactyle. It must always be observed in scanning, that when a word ending in a vowel or the consonant m is immediately followed by a word be ginning with another vowel, or the aspirate h, an elision of the preceding vowel generally takes place, and the final syllable of the word is not scanned nor counted in the line; thus, in the three verses which immediately follow, the syllables printed in italics are not considered as forming any part of a foot; Obstajbatque alijis ălijūd quiă | corpore în | ûnō. Mollia cum du¦rīs sině | pōndĕre hă|bëntĭă | pōndūs. The lines in the first two of the following exercises are already divided into feet, so that the scanning of them will be completed by marking, and proving, by rules, the quantity of their syllables: the other lines must be divided, as well as marked and proved. EXERCISES. 1. Aurea prima sălta est ætas, quæ, vindíce | nullo, Sponte su â, sinè | lege fidem rectumque colebat. 2. Judicis ora sui sed erant sinè vindice | tuti. Nondum cæsa sulis pere grinum ut viseret orbem. 3. Nondum præcipites cingebant oppida fossæ; Non tuba directi, non æris cornua flexi, 4. Non găleæ, non ensis erant; sinè militis usu, Mollia securæ perăgebant otia gentes. 5. Ipsa quoque immunis, rastroque intacta, nec ullis Saucia võměribus, per se dăbat omnia tellus. |