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FREDERICP LEVERETT,

PRINCIPAL OF THE PUBLIC LATIN SCHOOL IN BOSTON.

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BOSTON:

HILLIARD, GRAY, LITTLE AND WILKINS.

1831.

DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS, to wit:

District Clerk's Office.

BE IT REMEMBERED, That on the nineteenth day of December, A. D. 1829, and in the fifty-fourth year of the Independence of the United States of America, HIL LIARD, GRAY, LITTLE & WILKINS, of the said District, have deposited in this Office the title of a book, the right whereof they claim as proprietors, in the words following, to wit:

"The New Latin Tutor; or Exercises in Etymology, Syntax and Prosody: compiled chiefly from the best English Works. By Frederic P. Leverett, Principal of the Public Latin School in Boston."

In conformity to the act of the congress of the United States, entitled, "An Act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts and books to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned;" and also to an act, entitled, "An Act supplementary to an act, entitled, An Act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts and books to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the times therein mentioned; and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints."

JNO. W. DAVIS,

Clerk of the District of Massachusetts.

A Key to this Work, which will be sold to Instructers only, is published.

STEREOTYPED AT THE

BOSTON TYPE AND STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY.

gift
Tappan Pres. As.

11-20-1931

THE

POSITION OF WORDS

IN

LATIN COMPOSITION.*

THE great mystery of the position of words in the Latin tongue lies principally in these two points, viz.

1. That the word governed be placed before the word which governs it.

2. That the word agreeing be placed after the word with which it agrees.

These two may be termed the maxims of position; and from them result various rules, which may be conveniently divided into two classes, viz.

1. Rules resulting from the government of words.

2. Rules resulting from the agreement of words.

To which add a third class, viz.

3. Miscellaneous rules, not reducible to either of the two classes foregoing.

* The following Rules are from Lyne's Latin Primer.

RULES CF POSITION.

CLASS I.

RULES RESULTING FROM THE GOVERNMENT OF WORDS.

RULE I. A verb in the infinitive mode (if it be governed) is usually placed before the word which governs it.

II. A noun in an oblique case is commonly placed before the word which governs it; whether that word be a verb, or another noun-substantive, adjective, or participle.

III. Dependent clauses, as well as single words, are placed before the principal finite verb, on which such clauses do mainly depend.

IV. The finite verb is commonly placed last in its own clause:

V. Prepositions usually precede the cases governed by them.

CLASS II.

RULES RESULTING FROM THE AGREEMENT OF WORDS.

VI. First Concord. The finite verb is usually placed after its nominative case, sometimes at the distance of many words.

VII. Second Concord. The adjective or participle is commonly placed after the substantive with which it agrees.

VIII. Third Concord. The relative is commonly placed after the antecedent with which it agrees.

IX. Third Concord. The relative is placed as near to the antecedent as possible.

CLASS III.

MISCELLANEOUS RULES.

X. Adverbs. Adverbs are placed before, rather than after, the words to which they belong.

XI. Adverbs. Adverbs are in general placed immediately before the words to which they belong; no extraneous words coming between.

XII. Igitur, autem, enim, etiam, are very seldom placed first in a clause or sentence. The enclitics que, ne, ve, are never placed first.

XIII. Tamen is very often and elegantly placed after the first, second, or third word of the clause in which it stands.

XIV. Connected words should go together; that is, they may not be separated from one another by words that are extraneous, and have no relation to them.

XV. Cadence. The cadence, or concluding part of a clause or sentence, should very seldom consist of monosyllables.

in

XVI. So far as other rules and perspicuity will allow, the arrangement and choice of words, when the foregoing ends with a vowel, let the next begin with a consonant; and vice versa.

XVII. In general a redundancy of short words must be avoided.

XVIII. In general a redundancy of long words must be avoided.

XIX. In general there must be no redundancy of long

measures.

XX. In general there must be no redundancy of short

measures.

XXI. The last syllables of the foregoing word must not be the same as the first syllables of the word following.

XXII. Many words, which bear the same quantity, which begin alike or end alike, or which have the same characteristic letter in declension or conjugation, (many such words,) may not come together.

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