(being the same over which the military escort accompanying the said commissioner passed to this camp) and the Sierra Nevada, running the lines from the head of the Tule river and Paint Creek in the same general direction of said streams to the nearest points of the Sierra Nevada, reserving to the government of the United States and to the State of California the right of way over said territories and the right to erect any military post or posts, houses for agents, officers, and others in the service or employment of the government in each of said territories. In consideration of the foregoing, the said tribes of Indians jointly and severally forever quit claims to the government of the United States to any and all lands to which they or either of them now or may ever have had any claim or title whatsoever.

ART. 4. In further consideration of the premises, and for the purpose of aiding in the subsistence of said tribes of Indians, for the period of two years from this date, it is agreed by the party of the first part to furnish said tribes jointly (to be distributed in proper proportions among them) with two hundred beef cattle to average five hundred pounds each, for each year. It is further agreed, that as soon after the ratification of this treaty by the President and Senate of the United States as may be practicable and convenient, the said tribes shall be furnished jointly (to be distributed as aforesaid) and free of charge, with the following articles of property, to wit: thirty cows and two bulls, six large and six small ploughs, twelve sets of harness complete, twelve work mules or horses, twelve yoke of California oxen, fifty axes, one hundred hoes, fifty spades or shovels, fifty mattocks or picks, all necessary seeds for sowing and planting for one year, one thousand pounds of iron, two hundred pounds of steel, five hundred blankets, two pairs of coarse pantaloons and two flannel shirts for each man and boy over fifteen years old, one thousand yards of linsey cloth, same of cotton cloth, and the same of coarse calico, for clothing for the women and children, twenty-five pounds of thread, two thousand needles, two hundred thimbles, six dozen pairs of scissors, and six grindstones.

ART. 5. The United States agree further to furnish to each of said districts, a man skilled in the business of farming, to instruct said tribes and such others as may be placed under him, in the business of farming; one blacksmith, and one man skilled in working in wood (wagon maker or rough carpenter); one supervisor and such assistant school-teachers as may be necessary, all to live among, work for, and teach said tribes and such others as they may be required to work for and teach; said farmer, blacksmith, worker in wood, and teachers, to be supplied to said tribes and continued only so long as the President of the United States shall deem advisable; a school-house and other buildings necessary for the persons mentioned in this article to be erected at the cost of the government of the United States.

This treaty to be binding on the contracting parties when ratified and confirmed by the President and Senate of the United States of America.

In testimony whereof, the parties have hereto signed their names and affixed their seals, this the day and year first written.

Chu-nute

G. W. BARBOUR.

JUAN, his x mark, chief.

[SEAL.]

[SEAL.]

Signed and sealed in duplicate, after having been read and fully explained, in presence of—

H. S. BURTON, Interpreter.

KIT BARBOUR, Secretary.

E. D. KEYES, Captain third artillery.

J. C. FREMONT.

W. S. KING, Assistant surgeon, U. S. Army.

I. H. LENDRUM, Brevet captain, U. S. Army.

J. HAMILTON, Lieutenant 3d artillery.

H. G. J. GIBSON, Second Lieutenant 3d artillery.

(D.) TREATY MADE AND CONCLUDED AT CAMP PERSIFER F. SMITH, AT THE TEXAN PASS, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, JUNE 10, 1851, BETWEEN GEORGE W. BARBOUR, UNITED STATES COMMISSIONER, AND THE CHIEFS, CAPTAINS AND HEAD MEN OF THE "CASTAKE,' 'TEXON," &c., TRIBES OF INDIANS

99 66

A treaty of peace and friendship made and entered into at Camp Persifer F. Smith at the Texon pass, in the State of California, on the tenth day of June, eighteen hundred and fifty-one, between George W. Barbour, one of the commissioners appointed by the President of the United States to make treaties with the various Indian tribes in the State of California, and having full authority to act, of the first part, and the chiefs, captains and head men of the following tribes of Indians, to wit: Castake, Texon, San Imirio, Uvas, Carises, Buena Vista, Sena-hu-ow, Holo-cla-me, Soho-nuts, To-ci-a, and Hol-mi-uh, of the second part.

ARTICLE 1. The said tribes of Indians jointly and severally acknowledge themselves to be under the exclusive jurisdiction, control and management of the government of the United States, and undertake and promise on their part, to live on terms of peace and friendship with the government of the United States and the citizens thereof, with each other, and with all Indian tribes at peace with the United States..

ART. 2. It is agreed between the contracting parties, that for any wrong or injury done individuals of either party, to the person or property of those of the other, no personal or individual retaliation shall be attempted, but in all such cases the party aggrieved shall apply to the proper civil authorities for a redress of such wrong or injury; and to enable the civil authorities more effectively to suppress crime and punish guilty offenders, the said Indian tribes jointly and severally promise to aid and assist in bringing to justice any person or persons that may be found at any time among them, and who shall be charged with the commission of any crime or misdemeanor.

ART. 3. It is agreed between the parties that the following district of country be set apart and forever held for the sole use and occupancy of said tribes of Indians, to wit: beginning at the first forks of Kern river, above the Tar springs, near which the road travelled by the military escort, accompanying said commissioner to this camp crosses said river, thence down the middle of said river to the Carises lake, thence to Buena Vista lake, thence a straight line from the most westerly point of said Buena Vista lake to the nearest point of the Coast range of mountains, thence along the base of said range to the mouth or westerly terminus of the Texon pass or Cañon, and from thence a straight line to the beginning; reserving to the government of the United States and to the State of California, the right of way over said territory, and the right to erect any military post or posts, houses for agents, officers and others in the service or employment of the government of said territory. In consideration of the foregoing, the said tribes of Indians, jointly and severally, forever quit claim to the government of the United States to any and all other lands to which they or either of them now have or may ever have had any claim or title whatsoever. ART. 4. In further consideration of the premises and for the purpose of aiding in the subsistence of said tribes of Indians for the period of two years from this date, it is agreed by the party of the first part to furnish said tribes jointly, (to be distributed in proper proportions among them,) with one hundred_and fifty beef cattle, to average five hundred pounds each, for each year. It is further agreed that as soon after the ratification of this treaty by the President and Senate of the United States, as may be practicable and convenient, the said tribes shall be furnished jointly (to be distributed as aforesaid) and free of charge, with the following articles of property, to wit: six large and six small

ploughs, twelve sets of harness complete, twelve work mules or horses, twelve yoke of California oxen, fifty axes, one hundred hoes, fifty spades or shovels, fifty mattocks or picks, all necessary seeds for sowing and planting for one year, one thousand pounds of iron, two hundred pounds of steel, five hundred blankets, two pairs of coarse pantaloons and two flannel shirts for each man and boy over fifteen years old, one thousand yards of linsey cloth, same of cotton cloth, and the same of coarse calico, for clothing for the women and children, twentyfive pounds of thread, three thousand needles, two hundred thimbles, six dozen pairs of scissors, and six grindstones.

ART. 5. The United States agree further to furnish a man skilled in the business of farming, to instruct said tribes and such others as may be placed under him, in the business of farming; one blacksmith, and one man skilled in working in wood, (wagon maker or rough carpenter;) one superior and such assistant school-teachers as may be necessary; all to live among, work for, and teach said tribes and such others as they may be required to work for and teach. Said farmer, blacksmith, worker in wood and teachers to be supplied to said tribes, and continued only so long as the President of the United States shall deem advisable; a school house and other buildings necessary for the persons mentioned in this article, to be erected at the cost of the government of the United States. This treaty to be binding on the contracting parties when ratified and confirmed by the President and Senate of the United States of America.

In testimony whereof, the parties have hereto signed their names, and affixed their seals, this the day and year first written. G. W. BARBOUR. [SEAL.]

1

Signed and sealed in duplicate, after having been read and fully explained in the presence of—

H. S. BURTON, Interpreter.

KIT BARBOUR, Secretary.

W. S. KING, Assistant Surgeon, United States Army.

J. H. LendruM, Brevet captain, third artillery.

J. HAMILTON, Lieutenant, third artillery.

H. G. J. GIBSON, Second lieutenant, third artillery.
WALTER M. BOOTH.

(E.) TREATY MADE AND CONCLUDED AT DENT & VANTINE'S CROSSINGS, MAY 28, 1851, BETWEEN O. M. WOZENCRAFT, UNITED STATES COMMISSIONER, AND THE CHIEFS AND HEAD MEN OF IOU-OL-UMNES, WETHILLAS, &C. TRIBES OF INDIANS

A treaty of peace and friendship, made and concluded at Dent & Vantine's Crossings, on the Stanislaus river, California between the commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States of America, of the one part, and the chiefs, captains and head men of the Iou-ol-umne, We-chilla, Su-caah, Co-to-planemis, Chap-pah-sims and Sage-won-nes tribes, of the other part.

ARTICLE 1. The several tribes or bands above mentioned do acknowledge the United States to be the sole and absolute sovereign of all the soil and territory ceded to them by a treaty of peace made between them and the republic of Mexico.

ART. 2. The said tribes or bands acknowledge themselves, jointly and severally, under the exclusive jurisdiction, authority and protection of the United States, and hereby bind themselves hereafter to refrain from the commission of all acts of hostility and aggression towards the government or citizens thereof, and to live on terms of peace and friendship among themselves, and with all other Indian tribes which are now or may come under the protection of the United States.

ART. 3. Lest the peace and friendship hereby established between the United States and the said tribes be interrupted by the misconduct of individuals, it is expressly agreed that for injuries on either side no private revenge or retaliation shall take place, but instead thereof complaint shall be made by the party aggrieved to the other through the Indian agent of the United States in their district, whose duty it shall be to investigate and, if practicable, to adjust the difficulty; or, in case of acts of violence being committed upon the person or property of a citizen of the United States by an Indian or Indians belonging to or harbored by either of said tribes, the party charged with the commission of the crime shall be promptly delivered up to the civil authorities of the State of California for trial; and in case the crime has been committed by a citizen or citizens of the United States upon the person or property of an Indian or Indians of either of said tribes, the agent shall take all proper measures to bring the offender or offenders to justice in the same way.

ART. 4. To promote the settlement and improvement of said tribes or bands, it is hereby stipulated and agreed that the following districts of country in the State of California shall be and is hereby set apart forever, for the sole use and occupancy of the aforesaid tribes, to wit: beginning at an acute bend of the river about half a mile distant from and above this place, running thence in a due line to the elbows of Toulumne, opposite the point fixed in the former treaty, and running down in a straight line eight miles on said river, from thence across the Stanislaus river on a line parallel with the first, thence up the middle of said river to place of beginning, to have and to hold the said district of country for the sole use and occupancy of said Indian tribes forever: Provided, that there is reserved to the government of the United States the right of way over any portion of said territory, and the right to establish and maintain any military post or posts, public buildings, school-houses, houses for agents, teachers, and such others as they may deem necessary for their use or the protection of the Indians. The said tribes or bands, and each of them, hereby engage that they will never claim any other lands within the boundaries of the United States, nor ever disturb the people of the United States in the free use and enjoyment thereof. It is expressly understood and stipulated, that the right of way heretofore specified does not include the right of ferriage free of toll on the rivers within or bounding said reservation to persons other than those in the service or employ of the United States; the latter, however, shall pass free of toll; the said ferries to be under the control of the agent for the use and benefit of said bands and tribes of Indians.

ART. 5. To aid the said tribes or bands in their subsistence while removing to and making their settlement upon the said reservation, the United States, in addition to the numerous and valuable presents made to them at this council, will furnish them, free of charge, with four hundred head of beef-cattle to average each five hundred pounds, two hundred sacks flour of one hundred pounds each, and two hundred head of goats, within the term of two years from the date of this treaty.

ART. 6. As early as convenient after the ratification of this treaty by the President and Senate, in consideration of the premises, and with a sincere desire to encourage said tribes in acquiring the arts and habits of civilized life, the United States will also furnish them with the following articles (to be divided among them by the agent according to their respective numbers and wants) during the two years succeeding the said ratification, viz: One pair of strong pantaloons and one red flannel shirt for each man and boy; one linsey gown for each woman and girl, one thousand yards calico, one thousand yards brown sheetings, ten pounds Scotch thread, two dozen pairs assorted scissors, four dozen thimbles, three thousand needles, one 21⁄2 Pt. M. blanket for each man and woman over fifteen years of age; one thousand pounds iron and two hundred pounds steel; and in like manner for the first year for the permanent use of the the said tribes, and as their joint property, viz: twenty-five brood-mares and one stallion, one hundred and fifty milch cows and nine bulls, four yoke of work cattle with yokes and chains, four work mules or horses, ten ploughs assorted sizes, ten sets harness for plough horses, seeds of all proper kinds for planting, thirty-five chopping axes, ten mattocks or picks, thirty-five hatchets, one hundred garden or corn hoes, thirty-five spades, and six grindstones. The stock enumerated above and the product thereof shall be marked or branded with such letters as will at all times designate the same to be property of said tribe, and no other portion thereof shall be killed exchanged, sold, or otherwise parted with, without the consent and direction of the agent.

ART. 7. The United States will also employ and settle among said tribes at or near their towns or settlements, one practical farmer, who shall superintend all agricultural operations, with two assistants, men of practical knowledge and industrious habits; one carpenter, one wheelwright, one blacksmith, one principal school-teacher, and as many assistant teachers as the President may deem proper to instruct said tribes, in reading, writing, &c., and in the domestic arts upon the manual labor system; all the above named workmen and teachers to be maintained and paid by the United States for the period of five years, and as long thereafter as the President shall deem advisable. The United States will also erect suitable school houses, shops, and dwellings for the accommodation of the schools, teachers, and mechanics above specified, and for the protection of the public property.

ART. 8. The chiefs and captains aforesaid, for themselves and their respective tribes, stipulate to be active and vigilant in preventing the retreating to or passing through the district of country assigned them, of any absconding slaves or