104. If any Candidate at these Examinations be found unqualified, he shall not be again admitted to examination, until he has studied during another year the subjects in which he has failed to pass.

105.-Accredited Certificates of Attendance and of Examination from other Universities and Schools of Medicine recognised by the University of Sydney, may, on the report of the Dean of the Faculty, be accepted by the Senate as proof pro tanto, of the attendance on Lectures and Examinations required by these by-laws. But in all such cases a Degree in Arts, or some similar literary or scientific Certificate satisfactory to the Senate, on the aforesaid report, shall be required.

106.-Bachelors of Medicine and Masters of Surgery of this University shall not possess any right to assume the title of Doctor.

107.-The Degree of Doctor of Medicine shall not be conferred until after the expiration of two Academic Years from the granting of the Degree of Bachelor of Medicine.

108.-The Candidate must produce evidence that after having obtained the Degree of Bachelor of Medicine he has spent two years in Hospital Practice, or three years in Practice either private or in the public service.

109.-The Candidate shall be required to pass the following Examination, which will be conducted by means of printed papers and viva voce interrogations, &c.— (a) Medicine, including Psychological Medicine,

(b) Examination and Report on cases of patients under treatment in the wards of an Hospital,

(c) Viva voce Interrogations and Demonstrations from normal and abnormal Specimens and Preparations.

He shall also be required to present and defend a Thesis on some subject in Medical Science.

110.-Candidates who shall pass the Examinations satisfactorily shall be classified in order of merit, and may, on the report of the Dean of the Faculty, be admitted by the Senate to the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.

111.-The Degree of Master of Surgery shall not be conferred on any person who is not already a Doctor of Medicine or Bachelor of Medicine, or who does not at the same Graduation Ceremony obtain the degree of Bachelor of the Medicine.

112. The Senate shall have power to admit to the Examination for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine persons who shall have obtained the Degree of Bachelor of Medicine or some corresponding or equivalent first Degree in Medicine at a University recognised by the Senate. Provided that at least three years shall have elapsed since that Degree was obtained. Provided also that the Applicant shall supply proof satisfactory to the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, that the attendance on Lectures and other conditions prior to the obtaining of that Degree have been equivalent to those required for the Degree of Bachelor of Medicine in this University. When such evidence cannot be supplied, the Applicant shall attend lectures either in this University or in some recognised University or School of Medicine in the required subjects, and shall pass a satisfactory Examination in them before admission to the Examination for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine. Every Applicant for admission under the By-law must make application in writing to the Registrar, and supply satisfactory evidence of his qualifications as aforesaid, and also that he is a person of good fame and character. Upon the approval of his application he shall pay the Registrar a fee of Two Pounds for the entry of his name in the University Books, in addition to the prescribed fee for his Degree.

113.-The Fees for the Degrees of Bachelor of Medicine, Doctor of Medicine, and Master of Surgery, shall be Ten Pounds respectively.

114.-The above fees shall be paid to the Registrar previous to the examina

tion, and shall not in any case be returned to the candidate.

115.-Candidates who fail to pass an Examination shall be allowed to present themselves for one further similar Examination without fee, but for each subsequent Examination that may be required they shall pay the sum of Five Pounds.

EXTRACT FROM THE REGULATIONS OF THE FACULTY OF

MEDICINE.

No Professor or Teacher in the Medical School shall grant a certificate of attendance upon any course of Lectures to any Undergraduate unless he shall have been present at at least 75 per cent. of the meetings of the class.

For the course of Practical Pharmacy the Senate may accept a certificate showing that the Undergraduate has been engaged for at least three months, by apprentice

ship or otherwise, in compounding and dispensing drugs in the Laboratory of a Hospital, Dispensary, Licentiate of the London or Dublin Society of Apothocaries, or Pharmaceutical Chemist approved by the Faculty of Medicine.

These must be written on paper, a specimen of which may be obtained on application to the Registrar of the University. The Thesis is to be written on one side only of each leaf, and a margin of one and a half inches is to be left on each side.

In regard to By-law 109, Section b, Candidates will have the option of choosing the class of cases on which they shall be examined-medical, surgical, obstetrical. TABLE OF FEES FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF MEDICINE.

...

...

...

£13 13 0

13 13 0

£171 12 0

...

Total Cost of Education and Graduation as M.B. Students from Sydney may reside either at their own homes or in one of the affiliated Colleges.

To pass the First Year of the Arts Curriculum is the ordinary portal by which the Undergraduate may enter the Medical Classes. By-law 105 should be referred to by those who may desire to be exempted from this preliminary year. The Undergraduate is strongly advised to apply himself exclusively to the work of the Art Classes in this year-it is certainly the safest and best course he can follow.

It will be noticed from the By-laws that the education for the M.B. Degree includes a complete training as well as in Surgery as in Medicine; Ch. M. Degree, however, removes any dubiety by distinctly declaring the surgical qualifications of the graduate.

For their encouragement certain prizes are open to Students in the Medical School, viz. -1. The Renwick Gold Medal, awarded annually, for excellence in Anatomy. 2. The Renwick Scholarship of £50. 3. The R. C. Want Scholarship of £25, tenable for two years, for excellence in Theoretical and Practical Chemistry, given to Students of six terms standing. 4. The Levey and Alexander Endowment, awarded to a B.A. who intends to enter a liberal profession, including, of course, Medicine. 5. The Struth Exhibition of £50, tenable for four years, given to a Student who is just entering the Medical Classes. 6. Bowman-Cameron Scholarship, value £50, tenable for three years, given for General Proficiency to the most distinguished candidate of the First Year. 7. The James Aitken Bursary, value £50 per annum. The Winter or Long Session begins on the 4th Monday of March. The Summer or Short Session begins on the 2nd Monday of October.

For further particulars application should be made to the Registrar of the University.

ADMISSION AD EUNDEM GRADUM.

Admission ad eundem gradum in this University may, at the discretion of the Senate, be granted without examination to Graduates of the following approved Universities, that is to say, the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen, and Dublin, the Queen's University of Ireland, and the Royal University of Ireland lately established in its place, and the Universities of Melbourne, New Zealand and Adelaide; and may also be granted to Graduates of such other Universities as the Senate may from time to time determine. Provided always that they shall give to the Registrar to be submitted to the Senate, sufficient evidence of their alleged Degrees respectively, and of their good fame and character. Upon the approval of his application each candidate shall pay to the Registrar a fee of Two Pounds for the entry of his name on the University Books in addition to the prescribed fee for his Degree.

NEW ZEALAND.

UNIVERSITY OF NEW ZEALAND.

CHRISTCHURCH.

Chancellor, Henry John Tancred, Esq. Vice-Chancellor, Hugh Carleton, B.A. Registrar and Secretary, William M. Maskell, Esq.

PRELIMINARY SCIENTIFIC EXAMINATION.

I. Compulsory Subjects.-The compulsory subjects of the preliminary examination of medical students shall be the following:-1. English Language, including Grammar and Composition. 2. English History. 3. Modern Geography. 4. Latin. 5. Arithmetic. 6. Algebra. 7. Geometry. 8. Elementary Mechanics. 9. Biology. II. Optional Subjects.-Every Candidate must also pass in one of the following subjects, as defined for the degree of Bachelor of Arts:-1. Greek. 2. French. 3. German. 4. Italian. 5. Mental Science. 6. Mathematics.

III. No Student can be registered till he has passed the first seven of the compulsory subjects at one examination.

IV. The remainder of the Preliminary Examination may be passed at or before the first professional examination.

V. Candidates in Biology must forward to the Registrar a certificate of their having done practical work.

N.B. The fee for the first seven subjects is One Guinea; for all the remaining subjects, One Guinea.

UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO.

DUNEDIN.

Affiliated to the University of New Zealand in 1874.

[Was founded at Dunedin in 1869, by an Ordinance of the Provincial Council, and received as an endowment 100,000 acres of pastoral land. It was opened in 1871. In 1872 the Provincial Council voted a further endowment of 100,000 acres of pastoral land, and this important accession to its revenues enabled the University to lay the foundations of a Medical School. In 1874 the University of Otago became affiiliated to the University of New Zealand, at Christchurch. Its first Chancellor was the Rev. Thomas Burns, D.D., elected November 10th, 1869. A new University building was erected on a site containing about eight acres of ground, in 1878.]

Chancellor, The Rev. Donald McNaughton Stuart, D.D.

Vice-Chancellor, His Honor
Mr. Justice Williams. Registrar and Librarian, William Henning Mansford.
Curator of the University Museum, The Professor of Biology.
Council.-The Chancellor; The Vice-Chancellor; the Rev. Robert Loftus Standford, B.A.;
Robert Burns, F.R.C.S., Edin.; the Hon. William Hunter Reynolds, M.L.C.;
Edward Bowes Cargill; John Hyde Harris; James Fulton, M.H.R.; John
Bathgate, M.H.R.; William Macdonald, LL.D.; Thomas Morland Hocken,
M.R.C.S., E.; James Macandrew, M.H.R.

Members of the Professorial Board.-The Professors and the Law Lecturer.
Professors.-FACULTY OF MEDICINE. Anatomy and Physiology, John Halliday Scott,
M.D. Edin., M.R.C.S., E. Chemistry, James Gow Black, M.A., D. Sc., Edin.
Mental and Moral Philosophy. Dr. Salmond, D.D. Biology, Thomas Jeffrey
Parker, B. Sc., Lond., A.L.S.

Lecturers.-FACULTY OF MEDICINE. Surgery, William Brown, M.A., M.B., et Ch. M.,
Ed. Practice of Medicine, Daniel Colquhoun, M.D., M.R.C.P., Lond., M.R.C.S.,
E. Midwifery, Ferd. C. Batchelor, M.R.C.S., E., L.R.C.P., Ed. Materia Medica,
John Macdonald, L.R.C.P. et R.C.S., Ed., M.R.C.S., E.

OF THE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION.

1. An Entrance Examination shall be held in the month of December in each year, at which candidates shall be examined for Matriculation, Junior Scholarships, and the medical preliminary (the fee for the entrance examination is one guinea).

OF MATRICULATION.

I. Candidates for Matriculation shall, before they are admitted as students of the University, be examined in six or more of the following subjects:-1. Latin. 2. English. 3. Arithmetic. 4. Greek. 5. French. 6. German or Italian. 7. Algebra. 8. Euclid, Books I. and II. 9. History of England from the accession of William III. to the accession of Victoria. 10. Geography. 11. Elementary Chemistry: the NonMetallic Elements, and the Atomic Theory. 12. Elementary Physics: Elementary Mechanics of Solids and Fluids. (In this subject the paper as set for Junior Scholarships is compulsory for Medical Students). 13. Elementary Biology: Elements of Animal Physiology, and of the Morphology and Physiology of Flowering Plants.

II. Each Candidate will be required to pass in at least six subjects, of which Latin, English, and Arithmetic must be three.

N.B.-The fee for the Matriculation Examination is One Guinea.

OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARTS.

The subjects of examination for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts shall be1. Latin Language and Literature. 2. Greek Language and Literature. 3. English Language and Literature. 4. Modern Languages and Literature. 5. General History and Political Economy. 6. Jurisprudence and Constitutional History. 7. Pure Mathematics. 8. Applied Mathematics. 9. Physical Science to include (a) Heat and Radiant Heat, and (b) Sound and Light, or, at the option of the Candidate, Electricity and Magnetism. 10. Chemistry. 11. Natural Science, General Biology, and either Geology, Zoology, or Botany. 12. Mental Science.

Guinea.

year.

N.B.-The fee for the examination for the degree of Bachelor of Arts is One

OF HONOURS.

I. An examination for Honours shall be held in the month of November in each

II. No Candidate shall be admitted to the examination for Honours excepting at the examination of the year following that in which he shall have passed for the degree of Bachelor of Arts.

III. Candidates for Honours shall be examined in one or more of the following groups of subjects:-Group 1.-Language and Literature: Any two of the following subdivisions, of which Latin must be one-(a) Latin, (b) Greek, (c) English, (d) One Modern Language other than English. Group 2.-Political Science, including General History, Political Economy, Jurisprudence, and Constitutional History. Group 3.-Mathematics and Mathematical Physics. Group 4.-Chemistry and Experimental Physics. Group 5.-Natural Science. Group 6.-Mental Science.

IV. Every Candidate for Honours shall, on or before the twentieth day of February preceding the examination, give notice of his intention to present himself for the Honours Examination, and of the subjects in which he proposes to be

examined.

V. There shall be three classes of Honours, first, second, and third; and the names of the successful Candidates shall be arranged alphabetically in the several classes.

VI. The fee for the examination for Honours is One Guinea.

OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS.

I. Candidates for the Degree of Master of Arts must have taken the degree of Bachelor of Arts either after examination or ad eundem.

II. Candidates for the degree of Master of Arts shall be examined in any one of the following groups of subjects:-1. Languages and Literature, any two of the following sub-divisions: (a) Latin, (b) Greek, (c) English, (d) One Modern Language other than English. 2. Political Science, including General History, Political Economy, Jurisprudence, and Constitutional History. 3. Mathematics and Mathematical Physics. 4. Chemistry and Experimental Physics. 5. Natural Science. 6. Mental Science. The papers set for the examination for the degree of Master of Arts shall be the same as those set for the Honours Examination, and Candidates will be required to show a degree of proficiency satisfactory to the Examiners, but not necessarily higher than that required for the third class in Honours.

III. Every Bachelor of Arts intending to proceed to the degree of Master of Arts shall, on or before the twentieth day of February preceeding the examination, signify to the Chancellor the subjects in which he shall elect to be examined.

IV. Bachelors of Arts who may after examination have obtained Honours shall be deemed to have passed the examination for the degree of Master of Arts.

V. The fee for the examination for the degree of Master of Arts is One Guinea.

FACULTY OF MEDICINE.

OF THE REGISTRATION OF MEDICAL STUDENTS.

I. Every medical student shall be registered by the Registrar of the New Zealand University.

II. No medical student shall be registered unless he be a graduate in Arts of a University, or until he has passed a preliminary examination in the subjects of general education as hereinafter provided, and has produced evidence that he has commenced medical study.

III. The commencement of medical study shall not be reckoned as dating earlier than fifteen days before the date of registration.

IV. No candidate shall be admitted to the final examination for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine whose name has not been on the Medical Register for at least forty-two months previously.

V. The Registrar shall keep the Register of Medical Students according to the prescribed form.

VI. The Registrar shall furnish extracts from the Register of the particulars of their registration to all Students on application.

VII. All persons desirous of being registered as medical students shall apply to the Registrar according to the subjoined form :-"I hereby apply to be registered as a Student in Medicine, in conformity with the regulations of the General Council of Medical Education and Registration of the United Kingdom."

OF TERMS..

The session commences on the first day of May, and is divided into two terms of thirteen weeks each, separated by a midwinter vacation of a fortnight. The various classes are continued throughout the whole of the six months' session. The classes are open to all persons over sixteen years of age. All Students desirous of obtaining degrees in Medicine are required to pass a Preliminary Examination in General Knowledge, and to Register themselves as Medical Students.

PRELIMINARY SCIENTIFIC EXAMINATION.

Students who intend to graduate in Medicine in the New Zealand University are required to pass the Preliminary Examination prescribed by that body (as given below), which is, in any case, accepted in lieu of the Preliminary Examination of the University of Otago.

The Preliminary Examination is held during the first three days of May. Candidates who intend to appear at this examination are required to communicate with the Registrar of the University on or before the 14th of April, intimating the optional subjects in which they desire to be examined. The following six subjects are compulsory-1. English. 2. Arithmetic. 3. Algebra. 4. Geometry. 5. Latin. 6. Mechanics aud Hydrostatics.

The Candidates will also be required to pass in three out of the following nine optional subjects:-1. Greek. 2. French. 3. German. 4. Logic. 5. Moral Philosophy. 6. Higher Mathematics (Euclid, Algebra, Elements of Trigonometry). 7. Higher Natural Philosophy (Mechanics, Hydrostatics, Elementary General Physics, Heat). 8. Elementary Inorganic Chemistry. 9. The Rudiments of Botany and Zoology.

N.B.-Students desirous of obtaining Scottish Degrees and Diplomas in Medicine are limited to the first seven of the above optional subjects. No student can be registered who has not passed in English, Latin, Arithmetic, Geometry, and Algebra, along with one optional subject. For the Edinburgh M.D. degree Greek and Logic or Moral Philosophy are compulsory. OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND EXAMINATIONS IN MEDICINE.

I. There shall be two degrees in Medicine-Bachelor of Medicine and Doctor of Medicine.

II. All candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine must keep terms for at least two years at a Medical School in New Zealand recognised by the Senate of the New Zealand University.

III. There shall be three professional examinations for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine.