Voice, Trust, and Memory: Marginalized Groups and the Failings of Liberal RepresentationPrinceton University Press, 11. mai 2021 - 330 sider Does fair political representation for historically disadvantaged groups require their presence in legislative bodies? The intuition that women are best represented by women, and African-Americans by other African-Americans, has deep historical roots. Yet the conception of fair representation that prevails in American political culture and jurisprudence--what Melissa Williams calls "liberal representation"--concludes that the social identity of legislative representatives does not bear on their quality as representatives. Liberal representation's slogan, "one person, one vote," concludes that the outcome of the electoral and legislative process is fair, whatever it happens to be, so long as no voter is systematically excluded. Challenging this notion, Williams maintains that fair representation is powerfully affected by the identity of legislators and whether some of them are actually members of the historically marginalized groups that are most in need of protection in our society. |
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... means certain . In the 1994 elections a disproportionate number of the new female representatives lost their seats . Moreover , studies of electoral systems show quite clearly that single - member district systems are inherently less ...
... mean to suggest that these are the only groups with strong claims . In chapter 6 , I offer criteria aimed at assisting us in reaching judgments about which groups have strong claims to self - representation in legislative bodies , and I ...
... means that women are often best represented by other women , as they have an understanding of what equality means for them that is not readily available to men . Fulfilling the need for women's self - representation depends on a mode of ...
... means of enhancing the legislative presence of marginalized groups . But this method has defects . Various forms of proportional representation are more desirable institutional tools for achieving fair representation . In the ...
... mean that the marginalized groups it creates will automatically share a unitary social or political purpose . Like ... means of distinguishing stronger from weaker claims to legislative self - representation . Max Black's reflections ...
Innhold
3 | |
Liberal Equality and Liberal Representation | 57 |
Three | 83 |
Beyond Liberal Representation to Group | 102 |
Four | 116 |
Five | 149 |
Seven | 203 |
Conclusion | 236 |
Notes | 245 |
Bibliography | 303 |
Index | 319 |
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