loss of a leg and 1 the loss of both legs; 1 represented the loss of a foot and 1 of both feet.

As previously stated, section hands, generally speaking, are employed in larger numbers in the spring and summer months than in the winter. In New Jersey, however, this general rule does not seem to apply, or at any rate there are more section hands injured in the winter season than in the other seasons of the year. Of the fatal injuries, for example, 30 per cent were in the winter, as compared with 19 per cent in the spring, 23 per cent in the summer, and 28 per cent in the autumn.

It has been possible to consider separately injuries to 16 tunnel laborers. These men were section hands, track laborers, or track watchmen, but exposed to exceptionally hazardous conditions. Of the 16 injuries specified as having occurred to tunnel workers, 7, or 43.8 per cent, were fatal.

TRACK WALKERS.

The accident liability of track walkers or patrollers presents some interesting features. Of the 87 injuries reported as having occurred to track walkers, 57, or 65.5 per cent, were fatal, and 30, or 34.5 per cent, were nonfatal. The great majority of the accidents, both fatal and nonfatal, to this class of railway employees were the result of the injured persons being struck by trains, engines, or cars. The following table is a summary of the accidents occurring to track walkers in New Jersey during the twenty-year period 1888 to 1907, classified by principal causes:

CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS TO TRACK WALKERS FATALLY AND NONFATALLY INJURED IN NEW JERSEY, 1888 TO 1907.

[Data compiled from the annual reports of the railroads of New Jersey to the state comptroller.]

The figures in the table show that 56 of the 57 track walkers fatally injured were killed by being struck by trains, engines, or cars. Of the nonfatal accidents to track walkers, 18 of the 30, or 60 per cent, were due to the same cause. These statistics indicate that the injuries to track walkers are likely to be very severe, if not fatal. As stated in the introduction to this part of the article, track walkers are a select class of section hands åssigned to the particular work of patrolling or inspecting the section, either by day or by night. It is highly important that these men perform their work with efficiency; otherwise the danger of railroad travel is greatly increased. In this connection it may be of interest to recall that one of the important railroads of New Jersey within the past year made a special effort to determine whether its track patrollers were performing the duties expected of them. It was discovered that a considerable proportion of the total number of track walkers were idling away their time instead of performing their duties, and several were discharged for neglecting their work.

For completeness the following table is added. It shows the nature and extent of the 30 nonfatal injuries to track walkers in New Jersey during the period 1888 to 1907.

NATURE AND EXTENT OF NONFATAL INJURIES TO TRACK WALKERS INJURED IN ACCIDENTS IN NEW JERSEY, 1888 TO 1907.

[Data compiled from the annual reports of the railroads of New Jersey to the state comptroller.]

SUMMARY OF NONFATAL INJURIES TO TRACK WALKERS, BY NATURE OF THE

BRIDGE CARPENTERS, ETC.

During the period 1888 to 1907 there was 1 bridge watchman reported fatally injured, and 1 bridge inspector and 1 bridge foreman nonfatally injured. Bridge carpenters and bridge workers so specified suffered a total of 74 injuries, of which 9, or 12.2 per cent, were fatal, and 65, or 87.8 per cent, were nonfatal. The details of the accidents to bridge carpenters and other bridge workers, not including watchmen, inspectors, and foremen, are presented in the following tables, which are self-explanatory and require little comment:

CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS TO BRIDGE CARPENTERS, ETC., FATALLY AND NONFATALLY INJURED IN NEW JERSEY, 1888 TO 1907.

[Data compiled from the annual reports of the railroads of New Jersey to the state comptroller.]

NATURE AND EXTENT OF NONFATAL INJURIES TO BRIDGE CARPENTERS, ETC., INJURED IN ACCIDENTS IN NEW JERSEY, 1888 TO 1907.

[Data compiled from the annual reports of the railroads of New Jersey to the state comptroller.]

SUMMARY OF NONFATAL INJURIES TO BRIDGE CARPENTERS, ETC., BY NATURE OF THE INJURY.

The statistics here presented show that railroad bridge carpenters and other bridge workers are especially liable to injury by falls from bridges, by falling material, and by being struck by trains, locomotives, or cars. Of the 9 fatal injuries, 4 were due to the lastnamed cause. As would be expected where one of the principal causes of injuries was falls, the number of fractures was comparatively high among the nonfatal injuries to this class of railroad employees. Of the 65 nonfatal injuries, 10, or 15.4 per cent, were fractures.

CARPENTERS (NOT SPECIFIED).

It has been considered advisable to include carpenters (not specified) in the group of employees occupied in the maintenance-of-way department. The great majority of the carpenters employed by railroads in New Jersey are employed out on the line rather than in shops. During the period 1888 to 1907 there were 179 injuries reported as having occurred to carpenters, exclusive of bridge carpenters, and of this total, 10, or 5.6 per cent, were fatal, and 169, or 94.4 per cent, were nonfatal. The facts are summarized in considerable detail in the following tables, which are self-explanatory and require little

comment:

CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS TO CARPENTERS (NOT SPECIFIED) FATALLY AND NONFATALLY INJURED IN NEW JERSEY, 1888 TO 1907.

[Data compiled from the annual reports of the railroads of New Jersey to the state comptroller.]

NATURE AND EXTENT OF NONFATAL INJURIES TO CARPENTERS (NOT SPECIFIED) INJURED IN ACCIDENTS IN NEW JERSEY, 1888 TO 1907.

[Data compiled from the annual reports of the railroads of New Jersey to the state comptroller.]

SUMMARY OF NONFATAL INJURIES TO CARPENTERS (NOT SPECIFIED), BY NATURE OF THE INJURY.

It is significant to note that 6 of the 10 fatal accidents to carpenters (not specified) were the result of being struck by trains, locomotives, or cars. Of the nonfatal injuries, the majority resulted from the handling of materials or supplies, or of tools and machinery. Of the 169 nonfatal injuries to this class of railroad employees, 15, or 8.9 per cent, were fractures of one or more parts of the body, and 6, or 3.5 per cent, represented the loss of one or more parts of the body. All of the latter injuries, however, were to the fingers, 3 representing the loss of one finger, and 3 the loss of two or more fingers.